Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions www.laex.in https://elearn.laex.in Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions www.laex.in https://elearn.laex.in Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions MODERN HISTORY UPSC PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS INDEX No. of Page No. S.No. Topic Qns From To 01. Advent of Europeans 9 1 4 02. India on the Eve of British Conquest 13 4 10 03. Socio – Religious Reform Movements – General Features 4 10 12 04. Socio – Religious Reform 2 12 12 05. 1857 Revolt 7 12 14 06. Beginning of Modern Nationalism 3 16 18 07. Moderate Phase 1885 – 1905 4 18 19 08. Era of Militant Nationalism 14 19 26 09. Revolutionary Activities 1905 6 26 30 10. First World War and Nationalist Response 5 30 32 11. Emergence of Gandhi 9 32 36 12. Non – Cooperation Movement 5 36 38 13. Revolutionary Activity 1920’s 1 38 38 14. Civil Disobedience Movement 13 38 46 15. Congress Rule in Provinces 5 46 48 16. The Last Decade of British Rule in India 32 48 64 17. Economic Impact of British Rule in India 9 64 69 18. A Survey of British Policies in India 24 69 80 19. Development of Education 6 80 83 20. Important Personalities & Their Contributions 46 83 108 21. Peasant Movement 1857 to 1947 6 108 110 22. Tribal Movements 3 110 111 23. Indian National Congress Sessions & the Facts about them 12 111 116 24. Governors 14 116 122 25. Post Independence India 2 123 124 www.laex.in https://elearn.laex.in Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions 1. Advent of Europeans 5. Which one of the following is the correct statement? 1. With reference to Pondicherry (now a) The modern Kochi was a Dutch colony till Puducherry), consider the following India's independence. statements: b) The Dutch defeated the Portuguese and built 1) The first European power to occupy Fort Williams in the modern Kochi. Pondicherry were the Portuguese c) The modern Kochi was first a Dutch colony 2) The second European power to were occupy before the Portuguese took over from them. Pondicherry the French d) The modern Kochi never became a part of 3) The English never occupied Pondicherry the British colony. Which of the statements given above is/are 6. With reference to the entry of European correct? into India, which one of the following a) 1 only statements is NOT correct? b) 2 and 3 a) The Portuguese captured Goa 1499 c) 3 only b) In 1611 English opened their first factory in d) 1, 2 and 3 South India Masulipattam 2. Who among the following Europeans were c) In Eastern India, the English first factory the last to come to pre independence Company opened its first factory Orissa in India as traders? 1633 a) Dutch d) Under the leadership of Dupleix, in 1746 the b) English French occupied madras. c) French 7. In India, among the following locations, d) Portuguese the Dutch established their earliest 3. Which one of the following was the first factory at fort constructed by the British in India a) Surat a) Fort William b) Pulicat b) Fort St George c) Cochin c) Fort St David d) Cassimbazar d) Fort St Angelo 8. Which one of the following pairs is not 4. In the year 1613, where was the English correctly matched? East India Company given permission to a) Jahangir: William Hawkins set up a factory (trading post)? b) Akbar :Sir Thomas Roe a) Bangalore c) Shahjahan :Travernier b) Madras d) Aurangzeb :Manucci c) Masulipattam d) Surat www.laex.in Page No. 1 https://elearn.laex.in Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions 9. With whose permission did the English 2. Key: C set up their first factory in Surat? Explanation: Sequence of an establishment of a) Akbar European Companies b) Jahangir 1) Portuguese (1498) c) Shahjahan 2) English East India Company (1600) d) Aurangjeb 3) Dutch East India Company (1602) 4) Danish East India Company (1616) 5). French East India Company (1664) 1.Key and Explanations Educational Objective: Advent of European 1. Key: A Powers in India Explanation: 3. Key: B The Portuguese were the first European who Explanation: landed at Pondicherry. The factory established Fort St George (or historically, White Town) by them on the coastal area and adjoining is the first English (later British) fortress in settlement, the local people called it Poudu- India, founded in 1644 at the coastal city sery. The name is recorded in its Portuguese of Madras, the modern city of Chennai. version as Puducheria for the first time in the Fort William is a fort in Calcutta (Kolkata), map of India dated 1554. built during the early years of the Bengal The Portuguese settlement of Pudu- cheria continued till 1614 when the Portuguese Presidency of British India. had to quit for having supported the faction who Fort St David, now in ruins, was a British lost the battle of succession to the throne of fort near the town of Cuddalore, a hundred Gingee. After a lapse of a decade, the Danish miles south of Chennai on the Coromandel took possession of the colony in 1624 and Coast of India. developed it . They left in 1654 for reasons unknown. The French took possession in 1672. St. Angelo Fort is a fort facing the Arabian The British took control of the area again in Sea, situated 3 km from Kannur, a city in 1793 at the Siege of Pondicherry amid the Wars Kerala state, south India. The fort built by of the French Revolution, and returned it to the Portuguese after the 1498 visit of Vasco France in 1814. When the British gained control Da Gama to India. of the whole of India in the late 1850s, they Educational Objective: European Powers in allowed the French to retain their settlements in India the country, Pondicherry, Mahe, Yanam, 4. Key: D Karaikal and Chandranagar remained a part of Explanation: The East India Company arrived French India until 1954. first at Surat, India in 1608 in the Educational Objective: Puducherry under ship Hector commanded by William Hawkins various European PowersThe Portuguese have and within a few years had established a been here, so have the Dutch, the Danes and the permanent factory there. Surat was the port English. By the 18th centur used by the textile manufacturers of Gujrat and www.laex.in Page No. 2 https://elearn.laex.in Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions was the most important centre for the overseas Educational Objective: European powers trade of the Mughal Empire. A factory was expansion in India eventually established at Surat when the Portuguese fleet was defeated by the English. 6. Key : B On the other side of India the East India Company had since 1611 been based at Explanation: Masulipatam on the Coromandel coast of India. The Dutch East India Company was created By 1626 it had extended its activities further in 1602 as “United East India Company” and south and established a settlement at Armagon its first permanent trading post was in taking advantage of the cheapness of cloth there. Indonesia. In India, they established the first However the new site had disadvantages and the factory in Masulipattanam in 1605, followed Company accepted an invitation from the ruler of the district around Madraspatam to establish by Pulicat in 1610, Surat in 1616, a factory there in 1640. The factory was called Bimilipatam in 1641 and Chinsura in 1653. Fort St George and rapidly grew in Dutch presence on the Indian importance as a centre for the Company’s subcontinent lasted from 1605 to 1825. trading activity in the east, replacing Bantam Merchants of the Dutch East India in 1682 as the headquarters of the eastern Company first established themselves trade. Educational Objective: English East India in Dutch Coromandel, notably Pulicat, as Company’s expansion in India. they were looking for textiles to exchange with the spices they traded in the East 5. Key: A Indies.DutchSuratte and Dutch Bengal were Explanation: established in 1616 and 1627 respectively. The Portuguese conquest of Goa occurred Educational Objective: Advent of European when the governor of Portuguese Powers in India India Afonso de Albuquerque captured the city in 1510. 7. Key : B The English opened their first factory in Explanation: Foreigners during Mughal the South at Masulipatam in 1611. Period- In the Eastern part of India, Orissa was the Akbar- first state where the British first opened their Anthony Monserrate Portuguese Priest factory in 1633. Ralph Fisch (First English traveler) The Battle of Madras or Fall of Madras took Jahangir place in September 1746 during the War of Captain Hawkins (English traveler) the Austrian Succession when William Fisch (English traveler) a French force attacked and captured the Sir Thomas Roe (English Ambassador) city of Madras from its British garrison Shahjahan under the leadership of Joseph François Peter Mundy (Italy) Dupleix. Tavernier (French) Aurangzeb www.laex.in Page No. 3 https://elearn.laex.in Modern Indian History UPSC Previous Year Questions Manucci (Italy) Select the correct answer using the code Bernier (French Doctor) given below. Jean Thevnot (France) a) 1 only Educational Objective: Arrival of foreigners b) 2 only during Mughal Rule c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 8. Key: B 2. What was the immediate reason for Explanation: The British landed on Indian Subcontinent at the port of Surat, August 24, Ahmad Shah Abdali to invade India and 1608 AD for the purpose of trade, but after 7 fight the Third Battle of Panipat? years British got Royal order (i.e.