american academy of arts & sciences summer 2012 www.amacad.org Bulletin vol. lxv, no. 4 Dealing with North Korea’s Nuclear Program Stephen W. Bosworth, Steven E. Miller, and Siegfried S. Hecker Remembering H.M. Robert Desimone, Suzanne Corkin, Elizabeth Kensinger, and John D. E. Gabrieli The Getty Center: Research, Conservation, and Collections Thomas W. Gaehtgens and James Cuno ALSO: Commission Meeting Focuses on the Humanities and Social Sciences in International Relations Internet Pioneers Discuss the Future of the Web Nuclear Nonproliferation Diplomats Gather in Vienna Upcoming Events Induction Weekend–Cambridge October 5–Celebrating the Arts and the Humanities October 6–Induction Ceremony October 7–Symposium: Cherishing America For updates to the calendar, visit http://www.amacad.org/event.aspx. Contents Features 12 Dealing with North Korea’s Nuclear Program Leading North Korea experts–Steven E. Miller (Harvard Kennedy School), Stephen W. Bosworth (Tufts University), and Siegfried S. Hecker (Stanford University)–discuss the geopolitical and non- proliferation implications of North Korea’s nuclear program. 18 Remembering H.M. Four neuroscientists–Robert Desimone (mit), Suzanne Corkin (mit), John D. E. Gabrieli (mit), and Elizabeth Kensinger (Boston College)–explore the important contributions that H.M. made to our understanding of memory, learning, and identity. 2 2 27 The Getty Center: Research, Conservation, and Collections James Cuno, President and ceo of the J. Paul Getty Trust, and Thomas W. Gaehtgens, Director of the Getty Research Institute, describe the Getty Center’s exhibitions and collections, art restora- tion and conservation efforts, and research program. Departments 2 Academy News 27 4 Commission Focuses on the Importance of the Humanities and Social Sciences to America’s National Security Internet Pioneers Discuss the Future of the Web Nuclear Nonproliferation Diplomats Gather in Vienna New Publications 10 Around the Country 18 12 34 Noteworthy 36 Remembrance Clockwise from top left: Jim Leach (National Endowment for the Humanities), Danielle Allen (Institute for Advanced Study), Sir Tim Berners-Lee (World Wide Web Consortium; mit), Siegfried S. Hecker (Stanford University), Robert Desimone (mit), James Cuno (J. Paul Getty Trust) academy news Knowing Ourselves and Others: Commission Meeting Focuses on the Humanities and Social Sciences in International Relations t its April 26–27, 2012, meeting in for the importance of international educa- National Endowment for the Humanities AWashington, D.C., the Academy’s Com- tion, suggesting that skills acquired through Chairman Jim Leach also addressed the mission on the Humanities and Social Sci- study abroad programs, foreign language group. The former senior member of the ences examined the importance of the training, and area studies programs are vital House Committee on International Rela- liberal arts to America’s national security, to to national interests. tions stated that the humanities–especially maintaining an effective foreign policy, and Retired Army Lieutenant General and for- history–will be critical if the United States to continued U.S. leadership in the global mer U.S. Ambassador to Afghanistan Karl is to succeed as a global power. “As a society, economy. Eikenberry told Commission members that we must know ourselves and how we think, “Tomorrow’s leaders will require a nu- the humanities and the social sciences “are and learn to consider how other cultures and anced understanding of the world beyond absolutely critical if our nation is to main- societies think,” he said. our borders and a cosmopolitan approach to tain its leading position globally.” Eiken- In his keynote remarks to the Commis- cultural difference,” said Academy President berry noted that America has three kinds of sion, then U.S. Secretary of Commerce John Leslie C. Berlowitz. “The Commission is power at its disposal in pursuing its national Bryson linked future economic growth to considering a range of issues, including the security goals–coercive, remunerative, and the vitality of liberal arts education. “There importance of the humanities and social sci- persuasive–and that deep knowledge and is an important and greatly underappreci- ences to international, intercultural commu- expertise in foreign languages and cultures ated connection between the humanities nication.” is critical for all three. He cited the 1958 Na- and social sciences and the creative, entre- During the two-day meeting, several cur- tional Defense Education Act as a model for preneurial spirit that drives the American rent and former high-ranking government the kind of investment in foreign language economy,” Bryson said. “We will need not of½cials presented compelling arguments learning and regional studies that could only specialists who can generalize, but the bene½t the nation today. generalists who can specialize.” Jim Leach (National Endowment for the Humanities) and Karl Eiken- Philip Bredesen (Nashville, Tenn., former Governor of Tennessee) berry (Stanford University) and George Lucas (Lucasfilm Ltd.) 2 Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, Summer 2012 The Commission also discussed the future of cultural diplomacy with former U.S. Ambassador to the Netherlands Cynthia Schneider and the evolution of a common, k-12 curriculum with Richard Laine, Direc- Kwame Anthony Appiah (Princeton University), Pauline Yu (American tor of the National Governors Association’s Council of Learned Societies), and Gerald Early (Washington University in education division. St. Louis) Four members of Congress called on the Academy to form the blue-ribbon Commis- journalism, the arts and humanities, and Commission members are now planning sion to recommend speci½c steps to bol- public affairs. The Commission is cochaired a series of regional forums around the coun- ster the humanities and social sciences in by Duke University President Richard H. try, to take place before the Commission is- schools, universities, and public life. Three Brodhead and Exelon Corporation Chair- sues its initial recommendations next year. of the four members–Sen. Lamar Alexan- man Emeritus John Rowe. These gatherings will provide Commission der (R-Tennessee), Rep. David Price (D- “To sustain our domestic and interna- members with new perspectives, engage key North Carolina), and Rep. Tom Petri tional security, the strength of our insti- stakeholders, and catalyze public interest in (R-Wisconsin)–also addressed the group tutions, and even our scienti½c and tech- the Commission’s work. during the Washington meeting. The fourth nological enterprise, the nation needs to of½cial to call for the Commission is Sen. produce citizens broadly literate in the hu- To learn more about the Commission, Mark Warner (D-Virginia). manities and social sciences as well as in the visit www.humanitiescommission.org. Commission members include national natural sciences, technology, and engineer- leaders from higher education, business, ing,” Berlowitz said. Tom Campbell (Chapman University School of Law, former Member of Congress John Rowe (Exelon Corporation) from California) and Richard H. Brodhead (Duke University) Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, Summer 2012 3 academy news Internet Pioneers Discuss the Future of the Web American Academy and Royal Society Launch Joint Lecture Series on GREAT Science he Internet has revolutionized how we Berners-Lee, Director of the World Wide collaboration with a conversation about the Tuse, access, and share information. As the Web Consortium and 3com Founders Pro- future of the Internet.” technology becomes faster and more afford- fessor of Engineering at mit, and David D. “The Internet, the World Wide Web, and able, its bene½ts are reaching even more peo- Clark, Senior Research Scientist at the mit Big Data are . fundamental to our shared ple and places. Yet as its user base broadens, Computer Science and Arti½cial Intelligence prosperity and, indeed, our security going the global Internet is increasingly fractured Laboratory. forward,” Budden said in his opening along national, linguistic, and cultural lines. Academy President Leslie Berlowitz and remarks. This was just one of several issues dis- British Consul General to New England Phil Tom Leighton began the discussion by ad- cussed at a recent Academy meeting on “The Budden welcomed more than 250 guests to dressing the consequences for governance Evolution of the Internet: Challenges and the event, which was the ½rst in a series on and science in particular. “Making vast Opportunities.” The meeting, held June 6, GREAT Science organized by the U.K. gov- amounts of data freely available on the 2012, was presented in collaboration with ernment’s Science and Innovation Network. Web,” he noted, “could have fundamental the Royal Society and the British Consulate- “Fellows of the American Academy–from implications for government transparency General; it was moderated by Tom Leighton, Charles Babbage to Tim Berners-Lee–have as well as for how scienti½c research is ad- Chief Scientist at Akamai Technologies and been instrumental in the creation of the Dig- vanced in such areas as drug discovery, cli- Professor of Applied Mathematics at the ital Age,” Berlowitz said. “Many of them have mate research, Web analytics, and many Massachusetts Institute of Technology (mit). also been members of the Royal Society, so it other ½elds.” The program featured talks by Sir Tim is ½tting that we begin our GREAT Science From left: David D. Clark (MIT), Tom
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