Editors D.G. Rao V. Saratchandran Nair Assistant Editors Geethakumary V. Abdul Halim Aditya Kumar Panda Editorial Board Avadesh Kumar Singh School of Translation Studies, IGNOU K.C. Baral EFLU, Shilong Campus Giridhar Rathi New Delhi Subodh Kumar Jha Magadh University Sushant Kumar Mishra CF & FS, SLL & CS, JNU A.S. Dasan University of Mysore Ch. Yashawanta Singh Manipuri University Mazhar Asif Gauhati University K.S. Rao Sahitya Akademi Translation Today Volume 10; Issue-1, June 2016 Editors : D.G. Rao V. Saratchandran Nair © Central Institute of Indian Languages, Mysore, 2016. This material may not be reproduced or transmitted, either in part or in full, in any form or by any means, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from : Prof. D.G. Rao Director In-charge Central Institute of Indian Languages, Manasagangotri, Hunsur Road, Mysore – 570 006, INDIA Phone : 0091/0821-2515006 (Direcor) Fax: 0091/0821-2515032/2345218 Grams: BHARATI Website:http://www.ciil.org E-mail: [email protected] (Director) www.ntm.org.in For further information contact: Head, Publications For Publication orders R. Nandeesh Publication Unit Central Institute of Indian Languages Manasagangotri, Mysuru – 570 006, INDIA Email: [email protected], [email protected] ISSN-0972-8740 Single Issue : INR 200; US $ 6: EURO 5; POUND 4 including postage (air-mail) Published by : Prof. D.G. Rao, Director In-charge Central Institute of Indian Languages Manasagangotri, Mysuru – 570 006, INDIA Head Publication : Dr.Narayan Choudhary Supervision by : Mr.R.Nandeesh Layout & Design : Ms. M.L. Seethalakshmi & Ms. Manjula Bevoor Printed by : Sri. M.N. Chandrashekar, CIIL Printing Press, Mysuru In This Issue Editorial i Articles Self Translation as Auto-Communication: A Cultural Semiotic Approach to Self Translation Sachin Ketkar 1 Filching Commonality by Translation of Proverb in Indian Linguistic Scene Biswanandan Dash 15 History of English Translations and its Influence on Nepali Literature Sudesh Manger 33 Translation as Negotiation: The Making of Telugu Language and Literature T. Vijay Kumar 61 Generating Parallel Translation Corpora in Indian Languages: Cultivating Bilingual Texts for Cross Lingual Fertilization Niladri Sekhar Dash & Arulmozi Selvraj 84 The Comic Kaleidoscope: Untying the Comic Knots of Bhranti Bilas and The Comedy of Errors beyond Cultural and Generic Boundaries. Ritushree Sengupta 119 Feminist Writing In Malayalam Literature- A Historical Perspective V. Saratchandran Nair 130 Othappu in Two Tongues Sreenath V.S 161 Deciphering the “elite subaltern”: An Analysis of the Translated Life Writings of Malayali Brahmin Women Divya.N. 178 An Engagement with the Theatre Translation of Heiner Mueller’s play Verkommenes Ufer Medeamaterial Landschaft Mit Argonauten into Hindi Arati Kumari 199 Translation and Nonverbal Communication Sunetra Sholapurkar 232 Guidelines for Translators of Knowledge Text Matthew Prattipati 252 Literature Without Borders: Mapping Vikram Seth’s Cosmopolitan Sensibility Divya Pradhan 274 Review Translating Maxim Gorky’s The Mother in Odia Aditya Kumar Panda 287 Translation Lalan’s Songs Mrinmoy Pramanick 293 Contributors 301 Editorial This issue brings in myriad varieties on the various aspects of Translation. It discusses on history of translation in various Indian languages, on parallel translation corpus, self-translation and the theoretical issues involved in it. We are overwhelmed by the response that the peer reviewed Journal is catching up in the academic world. However, it is not without teething problems. May we request the academic fraternity to popularize it further! Self-translation is a translation of one`s own poem or novel or any literary piece from or into one of the languages that the author is familiar with. Sachin ketkar is critical of this act of translation and characterizes it being of more of an incestuous relation and brings in Lotman`s theory of translation for theoretical substantiation, particularly the semiotic theory of culture. Biswanandan Dash, in his paper, “Filching commonality by Translation of Proverb in Indian Languages” discusses the various aspects concerning translation of proverbs across Indian Languages and discusses a typical case study of Marathi v/s Odia in the broader multilingual multicultural context of India as a Linguistic area. There are diversities as well as commonalities. What is most interesting in this paper is the categorization of strategies involved in translation of proverbs into transposition, modulation, equivalence, adaptation, integration or assimilation, paraphrase etc, which are exemplified and discussed. The National Translation Mission has embarked on the Mission of Translating knowledge texts from English to Indian languages and in particular 22 Indian Languages of which Nepali forms one, we have also decided to build up a repository of information on historical aspects of translation on each of these languages and Manger’s paper on History of translation in Nepali language would be a feather in the cap. History of translations in Telugu by Vijayakumar draws our Translation Today Vol.10, Issue-I, June 2016 attention to the formation of development of Telugu language. The paper by Niladri Sekhar Dash and Arulmozhi discusses on the various issues involved in building up a parallel translation corpus (PTC) between Indian Languages, which is expected to be multilingual and multidirectional and the major initiative undertaken by the Government of India, as a consortium mode project. The paper highlights on the various aspects of a Parallel Translation Corpus (PTC) between Hindi and Bangla and the innovative aspects of building translation memories, construction of term bank in Indian Languages. Ritushree Sengupta’s paper entitled “The Comic Kaleidoscope: Untying the comic knots of Bhranti Bilas and The Comedy of Errors beyond cultural and generic boundaries” is an account of the influence of English literature on native language and culture, the socio-political changes in Bengal and the discussion leads to the translation in Bengal, Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagara’s Bhranti Bilas (1869), the plot is akin to Shakespeare’s The Comedy of Errors. The study would reveal the cultural attractions that have taken place. One of the serious studies concerning the modern society has been on the literary expressions of women and the contribution made by early writers of Kerala such as Lalithambika Amtharjanam, Saraswati Amma, Madhuvikutty, Sara Joseph, Sugatha Kumari on issues concerning women are worth examining. Saratchandran Nair in his paper on Feminism in Malayalam literature traces the history and development about this post-modern aspect of literature. The Marathi translation of this paper has already been published by Maharashtra Sahitya Academy, Pune. Sreenath’s paper illustrates the fallacies in the translation of the well-acclaimed novel of Sara Joseph Othappu by Valson Thampu entitled The Scent of the Otherside. This study is a critical examination of the suppression of the ideological concerns in the source text and the ii exclusion of it. Divya N. draws our attention to another woman writer, Devaki Nilayamgode who also fits into this category. Arati kumari’s paper on Translating the Play to be performed in the theatre from German to Hindi draws our attention to both theoretical and practical aspects of translation; particularly it focusses on the semiotic issues involved in it. There was a great tradition followed in India from ancient times onwards when Sanskrit dramas were rendered into regional languages such as Malayalam and temple arts such as kuTiyaaTTom and kathakaLi developed. Sunetra Solapurkar writes about translation as an aspect of non-verbal communication. P.Matthew’s paper proposes some guidelines for the translator of Knowledge Texts. Divya Pradhan’s article on cosmopolitanism as has always been very eloquent and profusive on Vikram Seth’s “Three Chinese poets and beastly Tales from here and there. Aditya Kumar Panda reviewed Ananta Patnaik’s Odia translation of Maxim Gorky’s The Mother.This issue also contains the English translation of Lalan Fakir’s Bangla songs by Mrinmoy Pramanick. Prof. D.G. Rao Prof. V. Saratchandran Nair iii Self-translation as Auto-Communication: A Cultural Semiotic Approach to Self Translation Sachin Ketkar Abstract The current paper explores the poetics and politics of ambivalent phenomenon of self-translation by the bilingual writers writing in Marathi and English in the light of semiotics of culture, a theoretical framework developed by the Tartu- Moscow School of cultural semiotics under the leadership of Yuri Lotman. The paper argues that while bilingualism and translation in broadest semiotic sense of the terms are intrinsic to any creative phenomenon and any communication according to Lotman, the Anglo-Bhasha self-translations of literary texts are distinctive historical products of the post- colonial ‘semiosphere’, hence caught up in the politics of identity, cultural asymmetry and cultural change. The Anglo-Bhasha bilingual writers situated on the boundary separating English and the Bhashas were critical agents in generating not only modernity but also providing ‘self- description’ of who we are culturally. They found themselves embodying this boundary within and without. In a sense, the act of self-translation is an act of what Lotman calls ‘auto-communication’ where though the addresser and the addressee of the communication