Chicago-Kent Law Review Volume 90 Issue 3 Juries and Lay Participation: American Article 7 Perspectives and Global Trends 6-23-2015 Juror Bias, Voir Dire, and the Judge-Jury Relationship Nancy S. Marder IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cklawreview Part of the Civil Procedure Commons, Comparative and Foreign Law Commons, Criminal Procedure Commons, and the European Law Commons Recommended Citation Nancy S. Marder, Juror Bias, Voir Dire, and the Judge-Jury Relationship, 90 Chi.-Kent L. Rev. 927 (2015). Available at: https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cklawreview/vol90/iss3/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons @ IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chicago-Kent Law Review by an authorized editor of Scholarly Commons @ IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 80 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 ͸Ǧʹ ǦǤȋȌ ͷȀʹͻȀʹͲͳͷͳʹǣͳͻ ǡ ǡ Ǧ Ǥȗ ǡ Ǥ ǡ ǡͳ ǡʹǡ͵ ǡ ǡ Ǥ ǡ ǡ Ǥ ǡǡ ǡ ǡDzǡdz ǤͶ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǥͷ ǡ Ǥ Ǧ ǡǤ ǡ Ǧ ǡǡ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 80 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 ȗ ǡ Ǧ Ǥ ͳǤSee ǡͳͻ͹Ͷǡ Ǥʹ͵ǡȚȚͳȂʹ͵ǡ ǤͳȂ͵ȋǤǤȌǤ ʹǤSee ͺͲǤ ͵ǤSee ǡ ǡͳͻͺʹǡbeing ǡͳͻͺʹǡ ǤͳͳǡȚͳͳȋȌȋǤǤȌȋDz ǤǤǤ ǡ ǤǤǤǤdzȌǤ ͶǤSee ǤǡTwoWeeksattheOldBailey:JuryLessonsFromEnglandǡͺ͸ ǤǦ ǤǤͷ͵͹ǡͷͷʹȂͷ͵ȋʹͲͳͳȌȋ Ǧ ȌǤ ͷǤ ǡǡǢǡǦ Ǥ ǡǡǦ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǥ Ǥ Ǥǡǡǡ ȋǤͳͲǡʹͲͳͶȌȋȌǤ ͻʹ͹ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 80 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 ͸Ǧʹ ǦǤȋȌ ͷȀʹͻȀʹͲͳͷͳʹǣͳͻ ͻʹͺ CHICAGOǦKENTLAWREVIEW ȏͻͲǣ͵ ǡǡ Ǥ͸ ǡ ǡ DzȏȐ Ǥdz͹ ǡǡ DzvoirdireǤdzͺ ǡǡ Ǧ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ǡ ǡͻ ǤͳͲ ǣ ǫ ǡǡ Ǥ Ǥͳͳ ͸Ǥ ƬǡTheCanadianCriminalJuryǡͺ͸ ǤǦǤǤͶͻ͹ǡͷͲ͵ ȋʹͲͳͳȌǤ ͹ǤId. ͷͲʹǤ Ǥ Dz dz Ǥ ǡ Dzǡdz Ǥ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ǡ DzǮ ǦǯǤdzId.ͷͳͷǤ ǡid.ͷͳͶȂʹͶǤ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 80 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 ͺǤ Ƭ ǡ Does the Composition of an English Jury Affect Its Verdict?ǡ͸Ͷ ͳ͵͵ǡͳ͵ͷȋͳͻͺͲȌǢseealso ǤǡTheRegulationofPeremptory ChallengesintheUnitedStatesandEnglandǡ͸ǤǤ ǯǤ Ǥʹͺ͹ǡ͵Ͳ͸ȋͳͻͺͺȌȋDz ǤdzȌȋȌǤ ͻǤSee ǤǤ ǤǤͶ͹ȋȌȋ ǡ Dz ǡ dzȌǢ ǤǤ ǤǤ ʹͶȋȌȋ ǡ ǡ ȌǤ ͳͲǤ Ǥ ǡ ǡǡ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ǡǦ ǡ Ǥ ǯ ǡ ǡ ǤSee ǡFavorableVerdictforJuryChanges;LawyersAreUnhappy.OtherSignsAre Hopeful,TooǡǤǤ ǡǤͳʹǡͳͻͻͷǡͳǤ ͳͳǤ See, e.g.ǡ Ǥ Ƭ Ǥ ǡ ǣ ͷͲȋͳͻͺͺȌȋDzǦ ǣ Ǧ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 81 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 ͸Ǧʹ ǦǤȋȌ ͷȀʹͻȀʹͲͳͷͳʹǣͳͻ ʹͲͳͷȐ JURORBIAS ͻʹͻ ǡ ǡ Ǧ ǡ Ǥͳʹ Ǧ ǡ Ǥ Ǧ Ǥ Ǧ Ǧ Ǥ Ǧ ǡ Ǥ ǡ Ǥǡ ǡ Ǥǡ ǡǡǤ ǡǡ ǡǡǤ Dz Ǧ dz Dz Ǥdz ǤǦ ǡ Ǥ ǡ ǡǦ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 81 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 ǡ Ǧ Ǥ ǦǤ ǡǤ Ǥ ǡ ǡ ǡǤ ǡ ǡ ǤdzȌǢ ǡVoir Dire: Preserving ‘Its Wonderful Powerǡ’ʹ͹ǤǤǤͷͶͷǡͷͶͷȋͳͻ͹ͷȌȋDzǦ ǤdzȌǤ ͳʹǤ Ƭ ǡsupraͳͳǡͷͲȂͷͳǤ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 81 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 ͸Ǧʹ ǦǤȋȌ ͷȀʹͻȀʹͲͳͷͳʹǣͳͻ ͻ͵Ͳ CHICAGOǦKENTLAWREVIEW ȏͻͲǣ͵ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǧ ǡ Ǥ ǡ DzǦ dzDzǡdz ǡ ǦǦ Ǥ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ Ǧǡ ǡ ǡ Ǥ Ǥ A.TheMainPurposeofVoirDire Ǥͳ͵ Ǥ ͳͶ Ǥǡ ǡ Ǥ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 81 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 ͳ͵Ǥ See,e.g.ǡid.ͷͲǢ ǡsupraͳͳǡͷͶͷǤ ͳͶǤ ǤǤǤǤ ǡȚͳȋDz ǡ ǡ ǤdzȌǤ ǤǤ ǤSee Ǥǡ͵ͻͳǤǤ ͳͶͷǡͳͶͻȋͳͻ͸ͺȌȋDz ǡ Ȅ Ȅ ǯ ǤdzȌǤ Ǧ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǤSeeǤǤ ǤǤǡ͵ʹͺ ǤǤ ʹͳ͹ǡ ʹʹͲ ȋͳͻͶ͸Ȍ ȋDz ǡ ǡ Ǧ ǤdzȌǤ ǡ ǡ Ǥ ǡ ǦǤSee,e.g.ǡ ǤǡͶͲͺǤǤͶ͹ͳǡͶͺͻȋͳͻ͹ʹȌȋDz dz DzǮ ǯdzȌǤ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 82 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 ͸Ǧʹ ǦǤȋȌ ͷȀʹͻȀʹͲͳͷͳʹǣͳͻ ʹͲͳͷȐ JURORBIAS ͻ͵ͳ ͳͷ Ǧ Ǥͳ͸ ǡ Ǥͳ͹ ǡ Ǥͳͺ ǡǡ Ǥ ǡ ǡ ǡǡǡǡ ǡǡ Ǥͳͻǡ ǡǡDz ǤǤǤ ǫdzʹͲ Dzdz Dz ǡdz ǡ Ǥ Ǥ ǡ ǡǡ Ǥ ǡ ǡ ǯǤ Ǧ ǡ Ǥǡ ǯǤ ǦȄ Ȅ Ǧ ͳͷǤ Ǥǡ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 82 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 Ǥ ǡ ǡ ǤSee ǤǡͳʹͲǤǤͶ͵ͲǡͶ͵͵ȋͳͺͺ͹ȌǤ Ǥ ͳ͸Ǥ Ǥ ǡ ǡ ǤSeeʹͺǤǤǤȚͳͺ͹ͲȋʹͲͳͶȌǤ ǡ Ǧ ǡ ǤSee ǤǤ ǤǤʹͶȋȌǤǦ Ǥ ǡǦ ǡ ǡǤSee ǤǤ ǤǤ ʹͶȋȌȋʹȌǤ ͳ͹Ǥ See ǡsupraͳͳǡͷͶͺȋDz Ǧ ǤdzȌǤ ͳͺǤ See ǤǤ ǤǤͶ͹ȋȌǢ ǤǤ ǤǤʹͶȋȌǤ ͳͻǤ See,e.g.ǡ ǡǤǡǤ͹͹Ǥ͸ͺͲȋǤǤǤǤͳͻǡͳͻͺͲȌ ȋ ȌǤ ʹͲǤ Id.͹͹Ǥ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 82 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 ͸Ǧʹ ǦǤȋȌ ͷȀʹͻȀʹͲͳͷͳʹǣͳͻ ͻ͵ʹ CHICAGOǦKENTLAWREVIEW ȏͻͲǣ͵ ǯ Ǥǡ Ǥ ǡǤ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǥ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǦǤ Ǧǡ ǡ ǡǡ Ǥʹͳ ǡ ǡ Ǥʹʹ ǡ Ǥ ǡ Ȅ ʹ͵Ȅ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ǡǦ ǡ ǡ Ǧ ǤʹͶ Ǧ ʹͷ ǡ Ǥ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 82 Side B 06/12/2015 13:03:37 ǤǡǦ Ǧ Ǥʹ͸ ʹͳǤ See,e.g.ǡǤǡThe1995JusticeLesterW.RothLecture:ReexaminingtheAccess Doctrineǡ͸ͻǤǤǤǤͳͳͲͷǡͳͳͳͺȂʹͲȋͳͻͻ͸ȌǤ ʹʹǤ See,e.g.ǡǤǡͳͳ͸ Ǥ͵͸Ͳ͸ǡ͸ͳ͹ȋʹǤͳͻͻ͹ȌȋDz ǡ ǤǤǤǤdzȌǢ Ƭ ǡsupraͳͳǡͷͲǤ ʹ͵Ǥ See, e.g.ǡ Ƭ ǡ supraͳͳǡͷͲȋDzȏ Ȑ ȏȐ ǡ ǤdzȌǢ ǡsupraͳͳǡͷͷͳ ȋDz ǡ Ǯǯ ǡ ǡforǤdzȌǤ ʹͶǤ Ƭ ǡsupraͳͳǡͷͲǤ ʹͷǤ Id. ʹ͸Ǥ Ǧ ǤSee ǤǡRevisitedǡͻ͹ Ǥ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 83 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 ͸Ǧʹ ǦǤȋȌ ͷȀʹͻȀʹͲͳͷͳʹǣͳͻ ʹͲͳͷȐ JURORBIAS ͻ͵͵ B.VoirDireIsNotWellDesignedforitsMainPurpose ǡǦ Ǥǡ ǡ Ǧ Ǥ Ǣ ǡ Ǥǡ ǡ Ǧ Ǧ ǡ Dz ǡdz ǯ Ǥʹ͹ Dz Ǥdzʹͺ ǡǡ Ǧ Ǥ ǡ ǡ Ǧ Ǥ Ǥ ǡDz Ǥͳͷͺͷǡͳ͸Ͳ͹ȂͲͺȋʹͲͳʹȌǢ ǤǡBeyondGender:PeremptoryChallengesandtheRoles oftheJuryǡ͹͵ǤǤǤͳͲͶͳǡͳͳʹͶȋͳͻͻͷȌǤǡ Ǧ 36656-ckt_90-3 Sheet No. 83 Side A 06/12/2015 13:03:37 Batsonv.KentuckyǡͶ͹͸ǤǤ͹ͻȋͳͻͺ͸Ȍǡǡ ǤSee ǡ ǣ ͷ ȋʹͲͳͲȌǡ ǣȀȀǤǤȀȀ ΨʹͲ ΨʹͲΨʹͲ ΨʹͲǤǤ Ǧ Ǧ Ǥ Id.