PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI SISTERHOOD STANDS AGAINST PATRIARCHY IN ANITA DIAMANT’S THE RED TENT A THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement to Obtain the Magister Humaniora (M. Hum.) in English Language Studies by Maria Angelia Student Number: 156332038 THE GRADUATE PROGRAM OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE STUDIES SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2017 i PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ATIIESIS SISTERHOOD STANDS AG{NST PATRIARCHY IN ANITA DIAMANT'S THE RED TENT {* [?o.q"i,'-n{ Patrisius Mutiara Andalrs. SJ.. S"S.. S,T.D. Thesis Advisor August 2r2Al7 11 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI A TIIESIS SISTERIIOOD STAF{DS AGAINST PATRIARCI{Y IN AhtITA I}IAMANT'S THE RED TENT by Maria Angelia Student Number: 156332038 was defended in front of the Thesis Committee and declared acceptable Thesis Committees Chairperson Paulus Sarwoto, Ph.D Secretary Dra. Novita Dewi, M.S., M.A., (Hons.), Ph.D. Member Dr. G. Fajar Sasmita Aji, M. Hum. Member Pahisius MutiaraAndalas, S.J., S.S., S.T.D Yogyakart4 August 16, 2017 The Graduate Program Director University / Dr. Gregorius Budi Subanar, S.J. lll PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI MOTTO There is a crack in everything, that’s how the light gets in – Leonard Cohen PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI STATEMENT OF' WORK ORIGINALITY This is to certify that all ideas, phrases, sentences, unless otherwise stated, are the ideas, and sentences of the thesis writer. The writer understands the full consequences including degree cancellation if she took somebody else's ideas, phrases, or sentences without proper references. Yogyakarta, August 2, 2017 Maria Angelia PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETAJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma: Nama : Maria Angelia NIM : 156332038 Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada perpustakaan Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang bedudul: SISTERHOOD STANDS AGAINST PATRIARCHY IN ANITA DIAMANT'S THE RED TENT beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan, mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan data, mendisribusikan secara terbatas, dan mempublikasikannya di internet atau media lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta ijin dari saya maupun memberikan royalty kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis. Demikian pernyataan ini yang saya buat dengan sebenarnya. Dibuat di Yogyakarta Pada tanggal: 2 Agustus 2017 kan Maria Angelia VI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Glory be to the Almighty, my Jesus Christ and Mother Mary for making my thesis complete. I deliver my first gratitude to my thesis advisor Patrisius Mutiara Andalas, S.J., S.S., S.T.D. and my lecturers in English Literature major Dra. Novita Dewi, M.S., M.A., (Hons.), Ph.D. and Paulus Sarwoto, Ph.D. Your friendly guidance, patience and advice help and encourage me to finish this thesis well. I also show my deepest gratitude to my mother, my sister and my brothers who have been supporting me through all forms of encouragement. My sincere gratitude goes to other lecturers in English Language Studies Department: Prof. Soepomo Poedjosoedarmo, Dr. Emmanuel Sunarto, M. Hum., Dr. J. Bismoko, Dr. Fr. Alip, M. A., F.X. Mukarto, Ph.D., Dr. B.B. Dwijatmoko, M.A., and Dr. Haryatmoko, S.J. I would like to say thank to Mbak Marni, Pak Mul and other members of KBI secretariat for their help and support. In addition, my gratitude also goes to my classmates in literature class batch 2015: Mbak Sophia for her wise advice and friendship; Laksmi, Ludmila, Sabrina, Anna, Feby and Wibi for the solidarity and suggestion. My friends in KBI: Maxy, Gaby, Festri, Yosa, Chrisda, Marshal, Ratna, Rifki, Prisil, Darma, Dita, Dea, Mbak Sari, Vero, Alfa, Dewi, Vita, Atta, Mas Indra, Mas Adit and Mbak Mel for suggestion and support. Finally, I thank my best friends S.K. Pospos, Dana McNally and Angely; Pak Dino, Ka Dina, Dian, Mala and Mbak Susi; Mbak Iren and Mas Anton for assiting me to find some supporting data for my thesis, give suggestion and comfort during my study. vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS COVER PAGE ........................................................................................................ i APPROVAL PAGE ................................................................................................ ii ACCEPTANCE PAGE .......................................................................................... iii MOTTO ................................................................................................................. iv STATEMENT OF WORK ORIGINALITY ............................................................ v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS .............................................................. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................... vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................... viii ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. x ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. xi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 1 1.1 Background of the Study .................................................................................... 1 1.2 Problem Formulation ......................................................................................... 7 1.3 Benefit of the Study ........................................................................................... 8 1.4 Thesis Outline .................................................................................................... 9 CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW .............................................................. 10 2.1 Review of Related Studies ............................................................................... 10 2.2 Review of Related Theories ............................................................................. 17 2.2.1 Patriarchy ...................................................................................................... 18 2.2.1.1 Ancient Israel Patriarchy ............................................................................ 21 2.2.1.1.1 Birthright ................................................................................................. 24 2.2.1.1.2 Polygamy ................................................................................................ 26 2.2.1.1.3 Circumcision ........................................................................................... 29 2.2.2 Feminism and Sisterhood .............................................................................. 30 2.2.2.1 Feminist movement .................................................................................... 30 2.2.2.2 Jewish Feminism Movement and Jewish Sisterhood ................................. 32 2.2.2.3 Sisterhood ................................................................................................... 35 2.2.2.3.1 Sisterhood by Robin Morgan, bell hook and Tingting Qi ....................... 36 2.2.2.4 Mother and daughter relationship .............................................................. 40 viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ix CHAPTER III: SISTERHOOD STANDS AGAINST PATRIACHAL MODE OF PRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 42 3.1 Polygamy ......................................................................................................... 43 3.2 Sisterhood to fight against the patriarchal mode of production ....................... 49 CHAPTER IV ........................................................................................................ 70 SISTERHOOD CHALLENGES MALE VIOLENCE .......................................... 70 5.1 Birthright .......................................................................................................... 70 5.2 Circumcision .................................................................................................... 75 5.3 Sisterhood fights against male violence ........................................................... 79 5.4 Dinah‟s Reconciliation ..................................................................................... 86 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................... 88 Bibliography ........................................................................................................... 97 ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT Angelia, Maria. Sisterhood Stands against Patriarchy in Anita Diamant’s The Red Tent. Yogyakarta: English Language Studies of Graduate Program, Sanata Dharma University. 2017. This thesis accentuates the pivotal role of sisterhood by examining solidarity among several women characters in Anita Diamant‟s The Red Tent (2007) to challenge the Ancient Jewish patriarchy. It analyzes the form of sisterhood before challenges of the patriarchal mode of production and male violence. Those are instilled through patriarchal culture, which differentiates position of women