1 Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources Alabama-Coushatta. "Press Release." Tribal News. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://alabama-coushatta.com/tribal-news.html. This press release gives up to date news of the Alabama-Coushatta tribe. The most argumentative point in this source is that the tribe deserves the casino. The tribe is breaking barriers by fighting for their casino. This source supports our thesis by showing the Alabama-Coushatta tribe is still breaking barriers set by the government. This website was useful to the creation of our website by giving us up to date information on the Naskila casino. Besch, Brian. "Naskila Voted Big Business Of The Year." Polk​ County Enterprise (Livingston, ​ TX), January 26, 2020, 1a-6a. This newspaper contains a section about Naskila gaming. Naskila gaming opened in May of 2016 on the Alabama-Coushatta reservation, about fith-teen miles north of Livingston. On January 30, 2020, the gaming facility was awarded "Big Business of the Year" in Polk county. This award is not only an honor but a sign that the county and it's residents support Naskila gaming. So as Nakila fights to stay open against the state of Texas, the facility has the support of the county. A Bill to Provide for the Restoration of Federal Recognition to the Ysleta del Sur Pueblo and the Alabama Coushatta Indian Tribes of Texas, and for Other Purposes, 461, 721, 731-737 U.S.C. §§ 201-207 (Aug. 18, 1987). Accessed February 1, 2020. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-101/pdf/STATUTE-101-Pg666.pdf. This source is a PDF copy of H. R. 318 in full. This bill was passed in 1987 and federally restored the Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas. This source was beneficial to our research because we learned the law that was passed to help the Alabama-Coushatta overcome the loss of state funding and recognition. It also is the source of current problems for the tribe as they fight to get the right to keep their gaming facility open. "Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA)." Indian Affairs. https://www.bia.gov/bia. The BIA is one of the supporters in the political ties between the Federal government and tribes across the United States. The BIA helps the Native Americans with their health, education, and relations. Many people work to support Native Americans because they require support to have their cultures remain. The BIA has been working with the tribes around the nation for over 150 years. The web page about the Bureau of Indian Affairs explains how it has helped all Native American tribes in the United States. Celestine, Bryant, and Sharon Miller. Interview by the Author. Alabama-Coushatta Reservation, Livingston, TX. December 20, 2019. Our group went to the Alabama-Coushatta Reservation and interviewed the Tribe Historian, Bryant Celestine. Sharon Miller who works at the tribe's Welcome Center was 2 also in the interview. Celestine gave us a great account of the history of the tribe. Sharon Miller also gave us some information and she referenced some books that she thought were good sources for us. Both gave us their personal experiences throughout the federal restoration of the tribe, keeping their culture and traditions, and giving back to the Polk and Tyler county communities. Congressional Budget Office. "H.R. 759, Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo and Alabama-Coushatta Tribes of Texas Equal and Fair Opportunity Settlement Act" [H.R. 759, Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo and Alabama-Coushatta Tribes of Texas Equal and Fair Opportunity Settlement Act]. Congressional Budget Office. Last modified July 9, 2019. Accessed November 10, 2019. https://www.cbo.gov/publication/55432. The Alabama-Coushatta and the Tigua tribes have been reassured for now that they are allowed to have their casinos on their reservations until the Senate discusses it. The Alabama-Coushatta have been needing this bill to pass so they are able to keep their gaming facility on their reservation. We used the information from this source to elaborate on the long term effects of barriers the tribe still faces and still strive to break. The source shows how breaking this barrier is a work in progress and will be determined by congress. Flores, Cecilia, James De Garavilla, Tribal Council, Silsbee ISD Trustee, Tasb, Texas Association of School Boards, Texas A&M University, and Texas A&M University. "The Alabama-Coushatta Tribe Brings Jobs to Texas; Keeps Entertainment Spending in State, by Cecilia Flores, Tribal Council Chairperson." TribTalk. https://www.tribtalk.org/2019/02/21/the-alabama-coushatta-tribe-brings-jobs-to-texas-ke eps-entertainment-spending-in-state/. This article written by Tribal Council Chairperson, Cecilia Flores, explains the Alabama-Coushatta's gaming facility, Naskila. The Naskila gaming facility is one of the most profitable businesses in Southeast Texas. The tribe that owns it, The Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas, has been one of the most historical tribes in Texas. The tribe has tried to come back from its decline after termination in 1983. The tribe wants to have a stable and functioning economy but without the casino, the tribe will struggle to meet its needs. Foxhall, Emily. "Alabama-Coushatta Tribe Fights for Right to a Gaming Center - Again." HoustonChronicle.com. February 26, 2018. https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/houston-texas/houston/article/Alabama-Coushat ta-fight-for-the-right-to-a-gaming-12707848.php#photo-15119339. This web page explains the Alabama-Coushatta as it struggles once again to keep its gaming facility. The gaming facility provides many benefits to the area it is located but still, government officials insist on shutting it down. The Alabama-Coushatta are one of the most influential and surviving tribes in Texas and treating the Native Americans. 3 H.R.1344 — 99th Congress, H.R. 1344 (as agreed to by Senate, Sept. 24, 1986). Accessed November 16, 2019. https://www.congress.gov/bill/99th-congress/house-bill/1344. This is an online version of the Bill of H.R. 1344. This bill federally recognized the Alabama-Coushatta and the Tiwa Indians as Federal Reservations. This bill also recognizes the Tribal sovereignty of both Tribal Councils and allows Texas State Jurisdiction. We used this bill to back our thesis and prove that the Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas has overcome great barriers to maintain their tribe's recognition. H.R. 2684, H.R. 2684. Accessed November 16, 2019. https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/2684. This online copy of governmental Bill H.R. 2684 was one of the first attempts to allow gaming on the Alabama-Coushatta Indian Reservation. This bill is written from the point of view that the Alabama-Coushatta Indian Reservation should be allowed to have the casino. This source was an excellent addition to our research by showing us the tribe is relentless and will not stop until they have overcome the barrier set before them. Juan, Angel San. "Alabama-Coushatta Tribe Will Fight State's Efforts to Close its Gaming Center" [Alabama-Coushatta Tribe Will Fight State's Efforts to Close its Gaming Center]. KFDM. Last modified March 25, 2019. Accessed October 31, 2019. https://kfdm.com/news/local/alabama-coushatta-tribe-will-fight-states-efforts-to-close-its -gaming-center. The Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas has a casino on their reservation that they are fighting to keep. They take the profits and put them to good use in their reservation. The gaming facility is fighting to stay open against the State of Texas. This source falls into the Long-Term Effect of our project because it talks about the effects on tribe and their reservation Library of Congress. "H.R.318 - Ysleta del Sur Pueblo and Alabama and Coushatta Indian Tribes of Texas Restoration Act" [H.R.318 - Ysleta del Sur Pueblo and Alabama and Coushatta Indian Tribes of Texas Restoration Act]. Congress.gov. https://www.congress.gov/bill/100th-congress/house-bill/318. H.R. 318 enables the federal and state trust with the Alabama-Coushatta which replaced the Termination Act. The Termination Act considered the Alabama-Coushatta not associated with Texas. This source talks about how the Alabama-Coushatta has restored the federal trust with the United States. This source is the Breaking Barrier because it allowed the Alabama-Coushatta to break the barrier. McCollum, Donna. "Alabama-Coushatta Tribal Chiefs Inauguration Observes Tradition For Benefit Of Future Generations." ktre.com. Last modified January 2, 2020. Accessed January 6, 2020. https://www.ktre.com/2020/01/02/alabama-coushatta-tribal- chiefs-inauguration-observes-tradition-benefit-future-generations/. This online news report is an excellent source over the Alabama-Coushatta inauguration of two new chiefs on January 1, 2020. The two new chiefs are Herbert Johnson Sr. (Principal Chief) and Donnis Battise (Second Chief). Several traditional ceremonies were 4 conducted during the inauguration. Because we were not allowed to take pictures during the ceremonies, this source is a great asset to our project. Moore, Robert. "Federal Judges Side With Texas in Fight Over Native American Gambling." Texas Monthly, March 29, 2019. Accessed February 1, 2020. ​ https://www.texasmonthly.com/news/federal-judges-side-with-texas-in-fight-over-native- american-gambling/. This online magazine gives different viewpoints on the opening and running of Naskila gaming on Alabama-Coushatta. Some of the different viewpoints included Representative Brian Babin and Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton. Brian Babin has argued and presented a bill to the House, so far the bill has been against it. Ken Paxton sent a letter to Brian Babin asking him to stop and close down the gaming facility. The fight continues and the tribe still backs their Naskila gaming.