MAIN REPORT Post Disaster Needs Assessment Malawi (PDNA) 2019 ZERO DRAFT February 19, 2020 Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................ v List of Annex Figures .................................................................................................................. v List of Annex Figures .................................................................................................................. vi Foreword .................................................................................................................................. vii Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................. viii Acronyms .................................................................................................................................. ix 1 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Disaster Profile ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 The Disaster Overview ............................................................................................................. 1 1.3 The Effects .............................................................................................................................. 3 1.4 The Impact of the Disaster ....................................................................................................... 4 1.4.1 Macroeconomic Impact ................................................................................................................................ 4 1.4.2 Human and social impact.............................................................................................................................. 5 1.5 Needs for recovery and reconstruction .................................................................................... 7 1.6 Way forward ........................................................................................................................... 8 2 PART I: DISASTER IMPACT AND EFFECTS .............................................................................. 9 2.1 Disaster Risk Profile of Malawi ................................................................................................ 9 2.2 Socio-economic Context of Malawi .......................................................................................... 9 2.3 Overview of the 2018/2019 rainfall season in Malawi ............................................................ 10 2.4 The 2019 flood response and coordination............................................................................. 11 2.5 Reflections from the 2015 and 2019 Floods ............................................................................ 11 2.6 Legal and Institutional Framework ......................................................................................... 14 2.7 PDNA Approach and Methodology ........................................................................................ 15 2.8 Economic and Social Impacts ................................................................................................. 18 2.8.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... 18 2.8.2 Pre-disaster economic context ................................................................................................................... 18 2.8.3 Effects on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) .................................................................................................. 20 2.8.4 Effects on Inflation ...................................................................................................................................... 21 2.8.5 Effects on the Fiscal Position ...................................................................................................................... 22 2.8.6 Effects on External Position (Balance of Payments) ................................................................................... 22 2.9 Pre-Disaster Human Development Profile .............................................................................. 23 2.10 Impact of Disaster on Human Development ........................................................................... 25 3 DAMAGE AND LOSS .......................................................................................................... 27 ii 3.1 Social Sectors ........................................................................................................................ 27 3.1.1 Housing and settlements ............................................................................................................................ 28 3.1.2 Health and Nutrition ................................................................................................................................... 29 3.1.3 Education .................................................................................................................................................... 30 3.2 Productive Sector .................................................................................................................. 31 3.2.1 Agriculture- (Crops, Irrigation, Fisheries and Livestock) ............................................................................. 31 3.2.2 Crops Subsector .......................................................................................................................................... 32 3.2.3 Livestock Subsector .................................................................................................................................... 33 3.2.4 Irrigation Subsector .................................................................................................................................... 34 3.2.5 Fisheries Subsector ..................................................................................................................................... 35 3.2.6 Commerce and Industry ............................................................................................................................. 35 3.3 Infrastructure Sector ............................................................................................................. 37 3.3.1 Road Transport ........................................................................................................................................... 37 3.3.2 Energy – Electricity and Forestry ................................................................................................................ 38 3.3.3 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene ................................................................................................................... 39 3.3.4 Water Resource (Flood Protection) ............................................................................................................ 41 3.4 Disaster Risk Reduction and Early Warning Systems ............................................................... 42 3.5 Cross-cutting Issues ............................................................................................................... 43 4 PART II: RECOVERY STRATEGY ........................................................................................... 45 4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 45 4.2 Recovery Vision, Guiding Principles and Element ................................................................... 45 4.2.1 Vision .......................................................................................................................................................... 45 4.2.2 Guiding Principles ....................................................................................................................................... 45 4.3 Recovery Needs .................................................................................................................... 47 4.4 Social Sectors ........................................................................................................................ 47 4.4.1 Housing subsector ...................................................................................................................................... 47 4.4.2 Health and Nutrition ................................................................................................................................... 47 4.4.3 Education .................................................................................................................................................... 48 4.5 Productive Sectors ................................................................................................................ 48 4.5.1 Agriculture (Crops, Irrigation, Fisheries and Livestock) .............................................................................. 48 4.5.2 Commerce and Industry ............................................................................................................................. 49 4.6 Infrastructure Sectors ...........................................................................................................