SPIMA – Spatial dynamics and strategic planning in metropolitan areas Targeted Analysis Annex 2 to Final Report Profiles of the metropolitan areas Version 5 March 2018 This targeted analysis activity is conducted within the framework of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme, partly financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The ESPON EGTC is the Single Beneficiary of the ESPON 2020 Cooperation Programme. The Single Operation within the programme is implemented by the ESPON EGTC and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund, the EU Member States and the Partner States, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. This delivery does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the members of the ESPON 2020 Monitoring Committee. Authors Vanya Simeonova, Michiel van Eupen, Jan Clement, Andrea Baraggia, Edgar van der Grift, Wageningen Environmental Research-Alterra (the Netherlands), Lead partner Norwegian Institute for Urban Research (Norway): Gro Sandkjær Hanssen, Hege Hofstad. Metropolitan Research Institute (Hungary) Ivan Tosics, Eva Gerohazi. Advisory Group ESPON EGTC: Peter Billing Lead Stakeholder: Peter Austin (city of Oslo, Norway) Information on ESPON and its projects can be found on www.espon.eu. The website provides the possibility to download and examine the most recent documents produced by finalized and ongoing ESPON projects. This delivery exists only in an electronic version. © ESPON, 2018 Printing, reproduction or quotation is authorized provided the source is acknowledged and a copy is forwarded to the ESPON EGTC in Luxembourg. Contact: [email protected] a SPIMA - Spatial dynamics and strategic planning in metropolitan areas ESPON 2020 i Table of contents List of Maps ................................................................................................................................ v List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. v List of Tables ............................................................................................................................. vi Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................ vii 1 Profile of the metropolitan area of Vienna ......................................................................... 1 1.1 Characteristics of the metropolitan area ................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Geography and demographics......................................................................... 1 1.1.2 Socio-economic development .......................................................................... 1 1.1.3 Strategic importance and history ..................................................................... 1 1.2 Spatial structure of Vienna metropolitan area ........................................................... 3 1.2.1 Configuration of European FUAs and MUAs related to the MDA .................... 3 1.2.2 The formation of the MA .................................................................................. 4 1.3 Governance of spatial planning................................................................................. 5 1.3.1 Institutional framework of metropolitan planning ............................................. 5 1.4 Key spatial development challenges and incentives................................................. 9 2 Profile of the metropolitan area of Zurich ........................................................................ 13 2.1 Characteristics of the metropolitan area ................................................................. 13 2.1.1 Geography and demographics....................................................................... 13 2.1.2 Socio-economic development ........................................................................ 13 2.1.3 Strategic importance and history ................................................................... 14 2.2 Spatial structure of the Zurich metropolitan area .................................................... 14 2.2.1 Configuration of European FUAs & MUAs related to the MDA ..................... 14 2.2.2 The formation of the MA ................................................................................ 16 2.3 Governance of spatial planning............................................................................... 17 2.3.1 Institutional framework of metropolitan planning ........................................... 17 2.4 Key spatial development challenges and incentives............................................... 22 3 Profile of the metropolitan area of Prague ...................................................................... 25 3.1 Characteristics of the metropolitan area ................................................................. 25 3.1.1 Geography and demographics....................................................................... 25 3.1.2 Socio-economic development ........................................................................ 25 3.1.3 Strategic importance and history ................................................................... 25 3.2 Spatial structure of Prague Metropolitan Area ........................................................ 26 3.2.1 Configuration of European FUAs & MUAs related to the MDA ..................... 26 3.2.2 The formation of the MA ................................................................................ 28 3.3 Governance of spatial planning............................................................................... 29 3.3.1 Institutional framework of metropolitan planning ........................................... 29 3.4 Key spatial development challenges and incentives............................................... 32 4 Profile of the metropolitan area of Brussels .................................................................... 36 4.1 Characteristics of the metropolitan area ................................................................. 36 4.1.1 Geography and demographics....................................................................... 36 4.1.2 Socio-economic development ........................................................................ 36 4.1.3 Strategic importance and history ................................................................... 37 4.2 Spatial structure of Brussels metropolitan area ...................................................... 38 4.2.1 Configuration of European FUAs & MUAs related to the MDA ..................... 38 4.2.2 The formation of the MA ................................................................................ 40 ESPON 2020 ii 4.3 Governance of spatial planning............................................................................... 41 4.3.1 Institutional framework of metropolitan planning ........................................... 41 4.4 Key spatial development challenges and incentives............................................... 44 5 Profile of the metropolitan area of Brno .......................................................................... 49 5.1 Characteristics of the metropolitan area ................................................................. 49 5.1.1 Geography and demographics....................................................................... 49 5.1.2 Socio-economic development ........................................................................ 49 5.1.3 Strategic importance and history ................................................................... 49 5.2 Spatial structure of Brno metropolitan area ............................................................ 50 5.2.1 Configuration of European FUAs & MUAs related to the MDA ..................... 50 5.2.2 The formation of the MA ................................................................................ 52 5.3 Governance of spatial planning............................................................................... 53 5.3.1 Institutional framework of metropolitan planning ........................................... 53 5.4 Key spatial development challenges and incentives............................................... 56 6 Profile of the metropolitan area of Oslo & Akershus ....................................................... 60 6.1 Characteristics of the metropolitan area ................................................................. 60 6.1.1 Geography and demographics....................................................................... 60 6.1.2 Socio-economic development ........................................................................ 60 6.1.3 Strategic importance and history ................................................................... 61 6.2 Spatial structure of the Oslo metropolitan area ....................................................... 61 6.2.1 Configuration of European FUAs & MUAs related to the MDA ..................... 61 6.2.2 The formation of the MA ................................................................................ 63 6.3 Governance of spatial planning............................................................................... 63 6.3.1 Institutional framework of metropolitan planning ........................................... 63 6.4 Key spatial development challenges and incentives............................................... 67 7 Profile of the metropolitan area of Turin .......................................................................... 71 7.1