ISSN: 2147-0405 Number 1 ÇANAKKALE 2011 IBN AJIBA’S WAY OF INTERPRETING DOGMATA WITH INTEGRITY OF SHARIA AND HAQIQA G Ǧǣ̷Ǥ Citation/©: ǡ Ǥǡ (2011). ǯ Ǥ Journal of Intercultural and Religious Studies. 1 ȋͳȌǡ͸ͷǦͺͺǡ.Ǥ ABSTRACT ǯ ǡ haqiqaǤ haqiqa Ǥ ǡ ayatahadeethǤmufassirǡ Ǧ ǡ haqiqaǡ ǡ haqiqaǤ haqiqa ǡ Keywords: ǡǡǡhaqiqaǡǤ ǤǡÇÇǡ Ǥ Introduction ȋ Ȍ ǡ ǯǤǡ Ǥǡ Ǥ ǯǯǡ ǡ Ǥ ǯ 1 Ǥ ǯ ǯǤ ǡ ǯ Ǥ Ǧ Áǯ ȋǡ ʹͲͳͲǡ ʹ͸ͳǦʹͺͳȌ ǯ Ǥ ǣ ǯǤ ǡ Ǥ ǡǢǡ Ǥ ǡ ǯ ǡ ȋ ǡ ʹͲͲͷǡʹ͸Ǧʹ͹ȌǤ ǡ ȋ ǡʹͲͲʹǡͶȀͳͻȌǤ Ikazu'l-Himem fî ferhi'l-Hikemel-Futuhâtu'l-Ilahiyye fî ferhi'l-Mebâhisi'l-Asliyyeǡ el-Bahru'l-Medid fî Tefsiri'l-Kur'ani'l-Mecid. Dzdz ǤǤ ǡ ǡ ǡ Ǥ 1 Ǥ Áǡ Ǥ ǡ Câmiu'l-Beyân an Te’vili Âyi’l-Kur’ân ȋǣ ǤòǦÁȌǡʹͲͲ͵ǡͳǤǡͳȀʹʹǢÁǡǤǡ el- Mu'cemu'l-Kebîr ȋǤǣ Á ò ǦÁȌǤ ʹͲͲʹǡ Ǥ ͳͲͳͲ͹Ǣ Ǥ ºÁǡ ð ò Ǥ ǡ Meâlimu’t-Tenzîl ȋǣ Ǧ Ǧ Ȍǡ ʹͲͲʹǡ ͳȀ͵ͷǢ ferhü's-Sünne ȋǣ Ǧ ðȌǡ ʹͲͲ͵ǡͳȀʹͳͶȋǤͳʹʹȌǡG ǡð Ǥ ǤǦÁǡ Sahihu Ibn Hibban bi Tertibi Ibn BelabânȋǤǣȌǡͳͻͻ͹ǡͳȀʹ͹͸ǡȋǤ͹ͷȌǢð ̵ǡǤǦǦÁÁǦÁǡ Musnedu Ebî Ya'lâ el-Mevsilî ȋǤǣ ȌǡǯǦǯǦ ǡͳͻͻͺǡͳǤǡǤͷͳʹ͹Ǣ Áǡ ÁǡMecmaü'z-Zevâidve Menbau'l-Fevâidǡͳͻͺʹǡ͹ȀͳͷʹǤ 64 ǡ ǯ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǯ Ǥ Ǥ A. Concepts of Sharia and Haqiqa ǤfǯDzdzDz dz 2 3 Ǥ Ǥ fǡçǡçǯ Ǥ ǡ 4 Ǥ 1. In Qur’an and Sunnah: çǯ ǯǤ ǯ ǡ Dzdz 5 Ǥ DzǦ dz 6 ǯǤ 7Ǥ 8 9 ǡ Ǥ ǡ DzdzDzdzȋðǯǡͳ͵ͲͻȌǤ 2 G ǡ Ǥ ò Ǥ ǡ Lisânu'l-Arab ȋǤǣ Ǧ ǦȌǡ ͳͻͻ͹ǡ ʹǤ Ǥǡ ͺȀͺ͹Ǣ ÁÁǡ Ǧ Áǡ Tâcu'l-Arûs min Cevâhiri'l-Kamûsǡ ȋǤǣ Á ÁȌǡ G̵Ǧ ̵ǦÁǡͳͻ͸ͷǦͳͻͺ͹ǡʹͳȀʹ͸ͺǦʹ͸ͻǢ ÁǡǤçǦfÁǡKitâbu’t-Ta’rifât ȋǤǣ ǦǯçÁȌǡ ʹͲͲ͹ǡ Ǥ ʹͲͳǢ ǡ Metinlerle Tasavvufî Terimler SözlüºüǡÇÇǣGʹͲͲ͸ǡͳǤǡǤͻ͸͸Ǥ 3 GÁǡ ºÇǡ Mufredâtu Elfâzi’l-Kur’ân ȋǤǣ ðÁȌǡ ǯǦǡ Çç ʹͲͲʹǡ͵ǤǡǤͶͷͲǤ 4 ǤÁǡðǤǤÇǡKûtu’l-Kulûb fî Muâmeleti’l-Mahbûb ve Vasfu Tariki’l-Murid ilâ Makâmi’t-Tevhid ȋǤǣ Á Á Ȍǡ ʹͲͲ͹ǡ ʹȀʹ͹ʹǤ Ç Ǥ Áǡ Kûtu’l-Kulûb-Kalplerin Azıºı ȋǤ Ȍǡ ȋÇÇǣ G ʹͲͳͳǡ ͸Ǥ ǡ͵ȀͷͻͶǤ 5ǤÁǡðGǤGǡǯǦÁȋǤǣÇÁÁǦȌǡ ǯǦ ǡͳͻͻͶǡDzdzǡͺʹǢ ǡðǤǦðÁǡ el-Mustedrek ale’s-Sahihayn ȋǤǣ ǤǤYðçȌǡǯǦǯǡ ͳͻͻͺǡͳǤǡͳȀͳ͸ǢG ÇǡSahihǡǤͺͲͺǤ 6 Ǥ ÁðÁǡ Ǥ ǡ Basâriu Zevi’t-Temyîz fî Letâifi’l-Kitâbi’l-Azîz ȋǤǣ ȌǡǡͳȀͻ͵Ǥ 7ǤfÁǡǤǦÁǡSubulu'l-Huda ve'r-Reçâd fî Sîreti Hayri'l-IbâdȋǤǣ ǦȌʹͲͲ͹ǡͳȀͶͶͻǤ 8 ǡMusnedǡ͵ȀͶ͵ͲǢ ǡMustedrekǡͶȀͶͶͶǤ 65 Ǥȋ ÁǡʹͲͲ͹ǡʹͲʹȌǤ “Then We put you, [O Muhammad], on an ordained way concerning the matter [of religion]"ȋǦ ¢ǡ ͶͷȀͳͺȌǤ ǯǡ ȋͳͳ͹Ȁ͹͵ͷȌ Dz dzǡ Dzdzǡ Dzdz Dzdzǡ ȋͳͷͲȀ͹͸͹Ȍ ̶ ̶ǡÁ ȋͳͶ͸Ȁ͹͸͵Ȍ ̶̶ǡ ̶̶Ǥ ȋ Áǡ ʹͲͲ͹ǡ ͷȀʹ͸ͶǢ ð ǡ ͳͻͻʹǡ ͻȀͶͳͻȌǤ ÁÁ ȋ͵͵͵ȀͻͻͶȌ Ǥ ȋðÁǡ ʹͲͲͷǡ ͻȀʹʹ͵ȌǤ ǦÁ ȋͺͺͷȀͳͶͺͲȌ ǡ ǡ ǡǤȋǦÁǡʹͲͲ͸ǡ͹ȀͳͲͲǤȌ ð ȋ͹ͶͷȀͳ͵ͶͶȌ ǯ ȋð ǡʹͲͲ͸ǡͻȀͶͳͻȌǤ ǡ ȋǡ ʹͲͲ͹ǡ ʹȀʹͺ͸ȌǤ ǡǡ DzdzǤȋǡʹͲͲ͹ǡʹȀʹͺ͸ȌǤ ǤǯDz fǯ ”ȋǡ ͷȀͶͺȌǤ fǯ ǯ ȋȌǤȋ ÁðÁǡǤǤǡ ͵Ȁ͵ͲͻȌǤ Dz dzǤȋÁǡ ʹͲͲͶǡ Dz dzǡ ʹǢ Ǧǡ ͳͻͻͷǡ ͳ͸ͷȌǤ ǡ çǯǡ çǯǡǤȋ ǡ“feriat”ǡ͵ͺȀͷ͹ͳǦͷ͹ͶȌǤ ǡ Ǥ ȋ Áǡ ʹͲͲ͹ǡ ͳͷͶȌǤ Ǥ ǯ Dz ǡǯǫdzǤǡ ǡ ǫ ȋ ÁðÁǡǤǤ,ʹȀͶͺͷȌǤ Ǥ Y ȋǤȌǯ Dz ǡ ǯ dz ǤȋÁǡ̶ ̶ǡʹȌǤ 2. In Fiqh Method. “wording in respect to its meaning used” ǡ ǡǡ Ǥ Ǥ ǡçǯ Ǥ Dz Ǥdz ȋçÁǡ ʹͲͲͲǡ ͳȀʹͳͻǦʹʹͲǢ ðÁǡ ʹͲͲͷǡ ͳȀʹͳͷǦʹͳ͸Ǣ fǯǡ ͳͻͻͲǡ ͵ͳͲǢ 9 66 ǡ ǯ ǡ ǤǤǡ ͵͵ͳȌǤ ȋ ͳʹȌǡ Dzthe processing of Kelam is better than negligence of it.” ȋ ͸ͲȌ “If the real (haqiqa) meaning is impossible to implement in real world situation, then it is accepted as simile” ȋ ͸ͳȌ Ǥ ȋfÁǡͳͻͻʹǡͳȀͳͳͳȌǤ 3. Sharia and haqiqa in Sufism (Tasawwuf) ǡ Ǥ ð Á ȋ͵ͺ͸Ȁͻͻ͸Ȍǡ ǡǢ ͳǤǤǤʹǤ ǤǤ͵Ǥ ǤǤͶǤ ǤǤͷǤ Ǥ Ȁ Ǥ͸Ǥ ǤǤ͹Ǥ Ǥ Ǥ ͺǤ Ǥ Ǥ ͻǤ ȋ ȌǤ Ǥ ͳͲǤ Ǥ ǤͳͳǤ ǤǤͳʹǤ ǤǤȋÁǡʹͲͲ͹ǡ ʹȀʹ͹ʹȌǤ Á tawhid (oneness of Allah) “haqiqa is contradictory to knowledge”selef ȋ Ȍ ǡ Ǥ ǡÁ ǡ Ǣ ǡ Ǣ ȋȌ Dzdz ǯ ǤȋÁǡʹͲͲ͹,ʹȀͳ͵ͶȌǤ çÁ ȋͶ͸ͷȀͳͲ͹ʹȌ er-Risâle, ǣ ǡ rububiyah (Allah’s meeting every need of the creatures everywhere and whenever they need). ȋçÁǡʹͲͳͳǡ ʹʹ͸ȌǤ ǡçÁ ǡ ǯ ǣ ǯ ǡ Ǥ ǡ ȋ Ȍ ǯ ǡǤ ȋçÁǡʹͲͳͳǡʹʹ͸ȌǤ 67 Ǧ ǦÁ ȋͻʹ͸Ȁͳͷͳ͹Ȍ ǯ ǣ Dz ǣ Ǥ ǤȋȌ Ǣ ǡ Ǥ ǯ ǡ ǦÁ Ǥ ǯ Ǣ Ǥdz ȋðÁǡʹͲͲͲǡ ʹȀͳͶʹǦͳͶ͵ȌÁǤ ðÁ ȋͳʹͻ͵Ȁͳͺ͹͸Ȍǡ ǦÁǯ Risâle çÁǯǣDz Ǥ ȋðÁǡʹͲͲͲǡʹȀͳͶʹȌǤ Á̵ȋ͸͵ͺȀͳʹͶͲȌǡ ȋ ÁǡʹͲͲ͸ǡͶȀʹͺ͸ǢMu’cemu Mustalahâtu’s- Sûfiyyeǡ ͳͻͻͲǡ ͷ͸Ǣ ǡ Tasavvufî Terimler Sözlüºüǡ ʹͲͲ͸ǡ ͻ͸ͷȌǤ ǯ Ǥȋ Áǡ ʹͲͲ͸ǡ ͶȀʹͺ͸ǤȌ Ǥ ǡ Á ȋ Áǡ ʹͲͲ͸ǡ ͶȀʹͺ͸Ȍ ǡ ȋ Áǡ ʹͲͲ͸ǡ ͶȀʹͺ͹ȌǤ ǡ Á ǡ (arifs) ǡ Ǣ ǡ Ǣ Dz ǡǤdzȋ ÁǡʹͲͲ͸ǡͶȀʹͺͺȌǤ ȋ͵͹ͺȀͻͺͺȌ Ǥ ǡ ilmu’l-kulûb, ilmu’l-meârif, ilmu’l-esrar, ilmu’l-batin, ilmu’t-tasavvuf, ilmu’l- ahval and ilmu’l-muamele Ǥ ȋ ǡǤǤǡͶͷ͸ǦͶͷ͹ȌǤ ÁȋͳͲ͵ͶȀͳ͸ʹͷȌǡǡ Ǧ ȋȌ ǡ ǡ ǡǢ ǡ ǡ arifs and dervishes Ǥ 68 ǡ ǯ ȋGÁǡ ʹͲͲͻǡͳȀ͵Ͳǡ͵͸ǡͶͳǡͶ͵ȌǤ Áȋͳʹ͹ͲȀͳͺͷͶȌǡ ilm-i ledun, ilmu’l-mevhibe, ilmu’l-esrar, ilm-i meknûn and ilm-i verâset. ǡ ǡ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ Ǥ Ǥ ǡ Ǥ ȋ ðÁǡ ʹͲͲͷǡ ͳͷǦͳ͸ȀͶ͹ͻȌǤ ǡ ȋ ȌǤ Ǧ Á ȋͻ͹ͶȀͳͷ͸͸Ȍ ǡ ǡ ȋ Ȍǡ ǡ Ǣ Ǥȋ ÁǡʹͲͲͶǡͷ͹ͲȌǤ ȋȌ Ǧ ǦǦǦȋ ȌǤ ǣ Dz ǡ Ǥdz Ǥ ǯǤǯ ǤDz ǯǦdzǡ Ǥ DzǦ ǯdz DzǦ Ǥdz ȋ ǡ “Hakikat- Tasavvuf”,ͳͷȀͳ͹ͺǦͳ͹ͻȌǤ B. Sharia and Haqiqa Knowledge (tablighed) conveyed by Prophets ǡ ȋ ǡʹͲͲʹǡʹȀ͵ͳͳȌ Ǥ ȋ ǡʹͲͳͲǡ͵͵ͳȌǤ ǡȋ ǡ ʹͲͳͲǡ͵Ȁ͵͹ͷȌǤ Ǣ Ǥǡ Ǥ ȋ ǡʹͲͲʹ, ʹȀ͵ʹ͵ȌǤ ðÁȋͳʹ͹ͲȀͳͺͷͶȌ Ǣ 69 Ǥ ȋ ðÁǡʹͲͲͷǡͳͷǦͳ͸ȀͶͶʹȌǤ ðÁȋͻͳͳȀͳͷͲͷȌ ǡǡ Ǥ ǡ ȋðÁǡ ʹͲͲʹǡ ͻͺȌǤ ðÁ ȋ ȌȋȌȋðÁǡʹͲͲʹǡͻͷȌǤ Á ȋͳͳ͵͹Ȁͳ͹ʹͶȌ Ǥ Ǣ ǡ ǯ Ǥ Á ȋ͸ͻͻȀͳ͵ͲͲȌǡ Behçetu’n-Nufûs ferhu Muhtasari Sahîhi’l-BuhârîǯǤ ȋ Ȍǡ Ǥ ǯ ǯ ǯ ǯ ȋǡͳʹȀ͸ͺȌȋǦÁǡͳͻͻ͹ǡͳȀ͹͹͸ȌǤ Ǧ ȋ͹ͷͳȀͳ͵ͷͲȌ ǡ ǡ ȋ Ǧǡ ͳͻͻͷǡ͸ͶȌǤ ǯ ǡ ǯ ȋ Ȍǡ ǣ “Strive to get the thing that will give benefit to you in all the beneficences; moreover, call for God’s help and don’t show your helplessness. If something bad happens to you, “Don’t say I wish I had done it differently.” Instead, say that God decided and did how God wished. Words like “wish” open the door for the devil’s delusion.