BC Transit Infrastructure Design Guidelines FINAL – November, 2010 Acknowledgements BC Transit acknowledges the contribution of the following members in the preparation of the BC Transit Infrastructure Design Guidelines: BC Transit Staff: Adrian South Project Manager Al Herle, P.Eng. Project Engineer Leslie Sadler Safety and Training Officer James Wadsworth Senior Transit Planner Project Consultant Team (SNC-Lavalin): Vivian Law, P.Eng. Transportation Engineer Andy Tam, P.Eng Transportation Engineer Grant Miyasaki, P.Eng. Transportation Planning Engineer Megan Dufresne Graphic Designer Contents Contents i Foreward 1 Chapter 1 - Introduction 3 1.1 Purpose . .3 1.2 Structure of Document. .4 1.3 How to Use the Document . .4 Chapter 2 - Overview of Transit Infrastructure 6 2.1 Introduction . .6 2.2 Types of Infrastructure Facilities. .8 2.3 Bus stops. .8 2.4 Transit Exchange . 11 Chapter 3 - Key Planning & Design Considerations 14 3.1 Planning Process . 14 3.2 Step 1: How to Determine Number and Spacing of Bus Stops? . 14 3.2.1 Stop Spacing Guidelines . 14 3.2.2 Land Use. 15 3.3 Step 2: How to Determine Placement of Individual Bus Stops? . 16 3.3.1 Far-Side, Near-Side and Midblock Conguration. 16 3.3.2 Gradient. 21 3.3.3 Bus Stop Placement for Transit Signal Priority . 21 3.3.4 Route Transfer . 21 3.4 Step 3: What are the Considerations in Determining the Bus Stop Type?. 22 3.5 Step 4: How to Optimize Physical Design for Safe Passenger Access and Amenities? . 26 3.5.1 Bus Stop Visibility . 26 3.5.2 Passenger Access . 27 3.5.3 Passenger Amenities . 28 3.5.4 Universal Access . 33 3.6 Step 5: What Needs to be Included in the Maintenance Checklist? . 34 Infrastructure Design Guidelines | i Chapter 4 - Bus Operation Specications 35 4.1 Introduction . 35 4.2 BC Transit Vehicle Fleet. 35 4.3 BC Transit Design Vehicle . 37 4.4 Vehicle Performance. 39 4.5 Bicycle Racks . 39 4.6 Visibility Impairment Zones . 40 4.7 Pavement Widening Values on Curves for Buses . 41 4.8 Lateral Sweep of Articulated Bus . 41 Chapter 5 - Roadway Geometric Design 42 5.1 Introduction . 42 5.2 Public Road Facilities . 42 5.2.1 Lane Widths . 42 5.2.2 Trac Circle / Roundabout . 45 5.2.3 Intersections . 45 5.2.4 Road Alignment . 48 5.2.5 Horizontal and Vertical Clearance . 48 5.2.6 Maximum Gradient . 48 5.2.7 Grade Change Points Without Vertical Curves . 48 5.2.8 Sight Distances . 50 5.2.9 Pedestrian Sight Lines . 58 5.2.10 Trac Calming Measures . 58 5.3 Bus Stop Facilities . 60 5.3.1 Curbside Clearance Zone. 60 5.3.2 Concrete Bus Pads . 61 5.3.3 Far-side, Near-side and Midblock Conguration. 62 5.3.4 Other Bus Stop Congurations . 63 5.3.5 Marked Crosswalks . 70 5.3.6 Passenger Amenities Requirements . 70 5.3.7 Universal Access Requirements . 74 Chapter 6 - O-Street Facilities 75 6.1 Introduction . 75 6.2 Transit Exchange . 75 ii | BC Transit 6.2.1 Location Considerations . 75 6.2.2 Design Considerations . 75 6.2.3 Bus-Pedestrian Conicts within a Transit Exchange . 85 6.2.4 Passenger Access, Boarding and Alighting Activities . 87 6.2.5 Loading Area Estimation . 89 6.3 Park-and-Ride Lot. 90 6.3.1 Location Considerations . 90 6.3.2 Design Considerations . 91 6.4 Passenger-Pick-Up and Drop-O Facilities . 93 6.4.1 Location Considerations . 94 6.4.2 Capacity Provisions . 94 Chapter 7 - Signing, Pavement Markings & Lighting 95 7.1 Design Standards . 95 7.2 Bus Stop Signs . 95 7.3 Other Signs . 98 7.4 Transit Shelters . 100 7.5 Lighting . 100 Chapter 8 - Working Examples 101 8.1 Bus Lane . ..