CULTURAL RESOURCES STUDY CARMEL RIVER BANK STABILIZATION AT RANCHO SAN CARLOS ROAD CARMEL, MONTEREY COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Confidential - Not for Public Distribution This report contains confidential cultural resources location information; report distribution should be restricted to those with a need to know. Cultural resources are nonrenewable and their scientific, cultural, and aesthetic values can be significantly impaired by disturbance. To deter vandalism, artifact hunting, and other activities that can damage cultural resources, the locations of cultural resources should be kept confidential. The legal authority to restrict cultural resources information is in Section 304 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, and California Government Section Code 6254.10 exempts archaeological sites from the California Public Records Act requiring that public records be open to public inspection. June 2018 CULTURAL RESOURCES STUDY CARMEL RIVER BANK STABILIZATION AT RANCHO SAN CARLOS ROAD CARMEL, MONTEREY COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Submitted to: Larry Hampson, District Engineer Monterey Peninsula Water District P.O. Box 85 Monterey, California 93942 Prepared by: Lora Holland, M.A., RPA 989173 E. Timothy Jones, M.A., RPA 15531 LSA 157 Park Place Point Richmond, California 94801 510.236.6810 LSA Project No. MPW1701 June 2018 C ULTURAL R ESOURCES S TUDY C ARMEL R IVER B ANK S TABILIZATION AT R ANCHO S AN C ARLOS R OAD J UNE 2018 C ARMEL, M ONTEREY C OUNTY, C ALIFORNIA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY LSA conducted this cultural resources study for the proposed Carmel River Bank Stabilization at Rancho San Carlos Road Project (project) in Carmel, Monterey County, California. Because the Monterey Peninsula Water District (Water District) is applying for a Nationwide Permit with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers San Francisco District (Corps), the Corps is required to address requirements of Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act for this undertaking prior to issuance of the permit, including Section 106 implementing regulations at 36 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 800 and Corps Procedures for the Protection of Historic Properties (33 CFR 325, Appendix C). The study consisted of background research, including a records search and a literature review of the proposed Area of Potential Effects; a pedestrian field survey; a Sacred Lands File search request with the Native American Heritage Commission; and consultation with local Native American tribes and interested parties. These tasks were completed to identify historic properties in the Area of Potential Effects and to assess the potential for cultural resources that may qualify as historic properties, as defined under 36 CFR 800.16(l)(1) and 33 CFR 325(1)(b), Appendix C. LSA’s study identified the Rancho San Carlos Road Sedge Bed (sedge bed) within the Area of Potential Effects. This sedge bed represents a Native American plant gathering area on the bank of Carmel River that is an important source of Santa Barbara sedge (Carex barbarae) for the Rumsen Ohlone. This property appears eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places under Criterion A due to its association with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history, namely as a location where present-day and ancestral Rumsen Ohlone gathered sedge for basket making. To avoid a potential adverse effect to a historic property, the Water District—in consultation with the Corps and Native American tribes—is proposing temporary protective fencing around the sedge bed to exclude project activities from this area. This protective fencing would be subject to an Environmentally Sensitive Area Action Plan, which is attached to this report. This Action Plan describes the schedule for implementation of this protective measure as well as those parties and individuals responsible for installation of the fencing and its enforcement. With installation of the protective fencing around the sedge bed, a finding of No Adverse Effect is appropriate for this undertaking. i C ULTURAL R ESOURCES S TUDY C ARMEL R IVER B ANK S TABILIZATION AT R ANCHO S AN C ARLOS R OAD J UNE 2018 C ARMEL, M ONTEREY C OUNTY, C ALIFORNIA TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. i TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................................................. ii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ............................................................................................ iv 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 1-1 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................... 2-3 2.1 Background ....................................................................................................................... 2-3 2.2 Proposed Project ............................................................................................................... 2-3 3.0 AREA OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS / PERMIT AREA ................................................... 3-6 4.0 PROJECT SETTING ............................................................................................. 4-7 4.1 Environment ...................................................................................................................... 4-7 4.2 Precontact ......................................................................................................................... 4-7 4.3 Ethnography ...................................................................................................................... 4-9 4.4 History ............................................................................................................................. 4-10 5.0 LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY CONTEXT ...................................................... 5-11 5.1 National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) ..................................................................... 5-11 5.1.1 Section 106 ....................................................................................................................... 5-11 5.1.2 National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) ..................................................................... 5-11 5.2 California Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 ......................................................... 5-13 5.3 California Public Resources Code Section 5097.98 ......................................................... 5-14 6.0 STUDY METHODS AND RESULTS ..................................................................... 6-15 6.1 Background Research ...................................................................................................... 6-15 6.1.1 Northwest Information Center Records Search ............................................................... 6-15 6.1.2 Literature Review ............................................................................................................. 6-17 6.2 Interested Parties Consultation ...................................................................................... 6-18 6.2.1 Native American Tribes and Individuals ........................................................................... 6-18 6.2.2 Historical Organizations .................................................................................................... 6-21 6.3 Field Survey ..................................................................................................................... 6-22 6.4 NRHP Evaluation ............................................................................................................. 6-22 6.4.1 Criterion A ......................................................................................................................... 6-22 6.4.2 Criterion B ......................................................................................................................... 6-23 6.4.3 Criterion C ......................................................................................................................... 6-23 6.4.4 Criterion D ........................................................................................................................ 6-23 6.4.5 Integrity ............................................................................................................................ 6-23 6.4.6 Summary ........................................................................................................................... 6-24 7.0 FINDING OF EFFECT ........................................................................................ 7-25 7.1 Criteria of Adverse Effect ................................................................................................ 7-25 7.1.1 Assessment of Effects ....................................................................................................... 7-26 8.0 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................... 8-27 8.1 Summary ......................................................................................................................... 8-27 ii C ULTURAL R ESOURCES S TUDY C ARMEL R IVER B ANK S TABILIZATION AT R ANCHO S AN C ARLOS R OAD J UNE 2018 C ARMEL, M ONTEREY C OUNTY, C ALIFORNIA 8.2 Recommendations .........................................................................................................