What is fascism pdf Continue For other purposes, see Fascism (disbigation). The form of far-right, authoritarian ultra-nationalism by Benito Mussolini (left) and Adolf Hitler (right), leaders of fascist Italy and Nazi Germany respectively, were fascists. Part of the series onFascism Basic Principles of Nationalism Imperialism Dictatorship Anticommunication Direct Interventionism Social Interventionism Social Order Indoctrination Proletarian Nation Propaganda Heroism Economic Interventionism Statolatria New Man Reactionary Modernism Topics Definitions Economy Fascism and Ideology Fascism Worldwide Symbolism Ideas Totalitarianism Authoritarian Democracy Class of Cooperation Capitalism Capitalism National Syndicatedism State Capitalism Supercapitalism Third Position People Benito Mussolini Adolf Hitler Francisco Franco Franco Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera Ante Pavelich Italo Balbo Corneliu Celea Codrean Coreana Coreana Giovanni Gentile Julius Evola Alexander Dugin Gabriele D'Annunzio Giuseppe Bottay Gale Saigo Nakano Sadao Sadao Araki Okawa Ikki Ikki Oswald Mosley Leon DegrellE Eoin O'Duffy Tefik Morja Ferenc Salasi Dawood Monshizade Viskun Kisling Engelbert Dollfuss Dimitrio Lutich Pellio Konstantin Rodzaevsky Abba Ahmeyre Milan Stoedinovich Joseph Tiso Vinayak Damodar Savarcar William Dudley Pelly Gonzalez von Maries Maximiliano Hernandez Martinez zoltan Bucharmuni Maurice Bardech Literature Doctrine of Fascism Fascist Manifesto La Conquista del Estado Mein Kampf My autobiography Myth of the Twentieth Century The Last will be russian fascist organizations 1934 Montreux Fascist Conference History March at Rome Beer Hall Putch Aventin Office Of Libya German elections 1932 Incorporating the Law of Austria Civil War Second Italo-Ethiopian War Spanish Civil War Anticominterns Covenant Italian invasion Albania World War II Fall of the Holocaust in Italy Fall in Germany Lists fascists on the country Options of Austrofaschism Brazilian integralism British fascism Christophassism Clerical fascism Crypto-fascism Eco fascism phalanx Francoisis Fascist mysticism Feudal fascism French fascism Hindu fascism Hutu Power Islamofasism Italian fascism Japanese fascism Legionism Metaxism National Bolshevism Nazism Neofasism Parafasism Parafaschism Protofasch Revisionist Maximalism Strasserism Sh Ava Restoration Tropical Fascism Linked themes of the alt-right Anti-fascism Culture of Fear Fascist (epithet) Glossary fascist Italy Left fascism Palingenetic ultranationalism Excellency Politics portalvte fascism (/ˈfæʃɪzəm/) is a form of extreme right , authoritarian ultranationalism characterized by dictatorial power, the oppressive suppression of the opposition and the strong regiment of society and economy, which have gained notoriety early 20th century Europe. The first fascist movements appeared in Italy during World War I before spreading to other European countries. Against liberalism, Marxism and anarchism, fascism is on the far right in the traditional left-right spectrum. The Nazis saw World War I as a revolution that brought huge changes to the nature of war, society, the state and technology. The onset of all-out war and the total mass mobilization of society have broken the distinction between civilians and combatants. There was a military citizenship in which all citizens in one form or another participated in military operations during the war. The war has led to the emergence of a powerful state capable of mobilizing millions of people to serve on the front lines and provide economic production and logistical support to support them, as well as having unprecedented power to interfere in the lives of citizens. The Fascists believe that liberal democracy is outdated and believe that full mobilization of society under a totalitarian one-state is necessary to prepare the nation for armed conflict and to respond effectively to economic difficulties. Such a state is led by a strong leader, such as a dictator and a military government made up of members of the ruling fascist party, to forge national unity and maintain a stable and orderly society. Fascism rejects claims that violence is automatically negative in nature and sees political violence, war and imperialism as a means of achieving national rejuvenation. The Fascists advocate a mixed economy, with the main aim of achieving autarca (national economic self-sufficiency) through protectionist and interventionist economic policies. After the end of World War II in 1945, few parties openly described themselves as fascist, and instead the term is now commonly used by pejorative political opponents. Neo-fascist or post-fascist descriptions are sometimes used more formally to describe far-right parties with ideologies similar or rooted in the fascist movements of the 20th century. Etymology Part series onRevolution Types Bourgeois Color Communist Democratic Nonviolent Permanent Political Proletarian Social Wave Methods Boycott Civil Disobedience Civil War Class Conflict Class Coup d'tat Demonstration Guerrilla War Rebel Rebel Nonviolent Resistance Protest Revolt Revolutionary Terror Samizdat Strike Action Tax Resistance Terrorism Causes Authoritarian Autocracy Capitalism Collaboration Colonialism Subparism Despotism Dictatorship Discrimination Economic Depression Economic Inequality Fraud Election Fascism Feudalism Military Occupation Monarchy Millennials Natural Disaster Nepotism Persecution Political Repression Political Repression Poverty Tyranny totalitarianism Unemployment Examples Examples Commercial English Atlantic American Brabant Liege French Haitian Serbian Greek 1820 1830 Belgian Texas 1848 Hungarian (1848) Philippine 1st Iranian Young Turk Mexican Chinese 1917-1923 Russian German Spanish Guatemalan Chinese Communist Chinese Hungarian (1956) Cuban Rwandan Cultural Nicaragua 2nd Iranian Saur People August Revolution Clove 1989 Velvet Romanian Singing Bolivarian Bulldozer Rose Orange Tulip Kyrgyz Arab Spring Tunisia Egyptian Yemeni Euromaidan 2018-19 Arab protests Sudanese politics portalvte Italian term fascism comes from fascio meaning a bunch of sticks, ultimately from the Latin word fasces. This was the name given to political organizations in Italy, known as fasci, groups similar to guilds or syndicates. According to the Italian fascist dictator Benito Mussolini's own account, The Fascist Action was founded in Italy in 1915. In 1919, Mussolini founded the Italian fasces of Combat in Milan, which became the National Fascist Party two years later. The fascists came to associate the term with ancient Roman fasces or fascio littorio -beam of rods tied around the axe,17 the ancient Roman symbol of the authority of the civil magistrate carried his lictors, which could be used for bodily and death execution on his command. The symbolism of the fascia assumed strength through unity: one rod breaks easily, while the beam is difficult to break. Such symbols were developed by various fascist movements: for example, the symbol of Phalanx is five arrows connected by a needle. Definitions Main article: Definitions of fascism Historians, political scientists and other scholars have long discussed the exact nature of fascism. Each group, described as fascist, has at least some unique elements, and many definitions of fascism have been criticized as too broad or narrow. According to many scholars, fascism, especially in power, has historically attacked communism, conservatism and parliamentary liberalism, attracting the support of the far right in the first place. One common definition of the term, often cited by reliable sources as a standard definition, is the definition of historian Stanley G. Payne. It focuses on three concepts: fascist denials: anti-liberalism, anti-communism and anti-conservatism; fascist goals: the creation of a nationalist dictatorship to regulate the economic structure and transform social relations into a modern, self-defined culture and the transformation of the nation into an empire; and fascist style: political aesthetics of romantic symbolism, mass mobilization, positive view of violence and propaganda of masculinity, youth and charismatic authoritarian leadership. [27] [28] Professor Jason Stanley in his book How Fascism Works: Politics Politics and they, noticed that the leader suggests that only he can solve it, and all his political opponents are enemies or traitors. Stanley says recent global events, including the pandemic and protests, have confirmed his concern about how fascist rhetoric manifests itself in politics and politics around the world. Historian John Lukacs argues that there is no such thing as general fascism. He argues that Nazism and communism are essentially manifestations of populism and that states such as Nazi Germany and fascist Italy are different from similar ones. Roger Griffin describes fascism as a kind of political ideology whose mythical core in its various permutations is the paleenetic form of populist ultra-nationalism. Griffin describes ideology as having three main components: (i) the myth of rebirth, (ii) populist ultranationalism and (iii) the myth of decadence. According to Griffin, fascism is a genuinely revolutionary, trans-class form of anti-liberal, and ultimately anti-liberal nationalism, built on a complex range of theoretical and cultural influences. He singles out an interwar period in which he manifested himself in the elite but populist politics of an armed party opposing socialism and liberalism and promising radical policies to save the nation from decadence. In Against the Fascist Creep, Alexander Reed Ross