Addendum As mentioned in the Preface, this book, TBET is a lightly edited version of the author’s Hebrew University doctoral dissertation, which was written with guidance from Emanuel Tov and completed in 2007. Subsequent to the 1996 terminus ad quem of the study’s original data sample, several important English translations have been pub- lished. The text projects and scholarly editions of the Hebrew Bible featured in Chap- ter 9, Section A, have also progressed in the intervening years, and the author would like to note the availability of new fascicles after providing some data and commentary on five new English translations that would certainly have been included in the original study, had it been designed in 2018. A English Translations: the Early 21st Century The early 21st century English translations that will be included in the following brief discussion are the 2001 English Standard Version (ESV), 2006 New English Translation or NET Bible (NET), 2011 New American Bible Revised Edition (NABRE), 2011 New Inter- national Version (NIV11), and 2014 International Standard Version (ISV). According to its copyright page, the 2001 ESV was “adapted from” the Revised Stan- dard Version (RSV), which was first published in 1952. The ESV preface (vii) further specifies that the 1971 edition of the RSV was the actual starting point. The preface also acknowledges that carrying on the “classic mainstream of the English Bible” was important to the project, and reference is made to Tyndale’s New Testament (1526), the KJV (1611), RV (1885), ASV (1901), and RSV (1952 and 1971). The ESV is the only one of the five early 21st c. ETs examined here that extends a line of revisions (see Fig- ure 1). Two of the five, however, relate to what were isolates or independent translations at the time of TBET and so constitute the second ET of what is now a revision pair: the 2011 NIV11 is based on the NIV, which was included in our original sample, and the 2011 NABRE is based on the NAB, which was also included in our original sample. The remaining two early 21st c. ETs considered here, the 2006 NET and the 2014 ISV do not present themselves as revisions, but are new, independent translations, each with distinctive features. The NET Bible, more than any other major translation to date, embodies an Internet-first, collaborative approach that, among other benefits, allows the inclusion of a vast number of detailed notes, many of which pertain to or comment on issues of text. The 2014 ISV has also been Internet-connected from its beginnings. A key distinctive feature of ISV is its well-developed awareness of the Dead Sea Scrolls, an awareness that culminates in the selection of 1QIsaa, not 픐, as the basis for its render- © S.C. Daley, 2019 | doi:10.1163/9789004391765_012 S.C. Daley - 9789004391765 Downloaded from Brill.com09/25/2021 10:30:24PM via free access 436 addendum figure 1 Chronology and revision relationships, early 21st c. ETs ing of the biblical book of Isaiah. In 1Samuel, too, the ISV, partly by its notes, indicates a thoroughgoing appreciation of the scrolls. Thus we have before us the most recent expression of a long line of revisions (ESV), two independent translations (NET and ISV), and the second translations of two revi- sion pairs (NABRE and NIV11); such are the early 21st c. ETs. Figure 1 shows their relative chronology and primary relationships. In the course of our original study (the chapters of the present volume) we tested the eclecticism of a group of ETs dating from 1611 to 1996. The test involved a three- staged collation of the ancient sources with the ETs across six modules consisting of four biblical chapters (Genesis 49, Habakkuk 3, Psalm 139, and Proverbs 14), a random- ized selection of conjectural emendations, and a handful of influential columns from Qumran scrolls (cf. Chapters 3, 5, and 6). By closely attending to the details of the col- lation and their implications, we defined specific periods in the history of eclecticism in the ETs, identified the parameters of a typology of eclecticism (grouping the ETs by kind), and then provided a characterization of each ET individually. Among our con- clusions is the statement, “If other translations were tested using the same six modules, their types could be estimated using the same scale” (see Chapter 8, Section A.2 and the comments on Table 1). Furthermore, in TBET proper our final characterization of individual 1611–1996 ETs (see Chapter 8, Section B) included information from Chapter 4, where we looked at how each translation had treated a wide sampling of Ketib-Qere instances. Similar information will be useful as we turn our attention to the early 21st c. ETs so as to iden- tify the place of each on the TBET scale. As in the original study, we will comment on periodization, typology, and individuation, though the presentation of data (highly detailed for the original ET set) will of necessity be shortened and will perhaps be open to future refinement. 1 Periodization Do the early 21st c. ETs define a new era with respect to the eclecticism of the ETs, or do they continue the 1971–1996 moderated period identified in TBET? We will base our responses to this and other questions on the following counts. S.C. Daley - 9789004391765 Downloaded from Brill.com09/25/2021 10:30:24PM via free access English Translations: The Early 21st Century table 1 Textual correspondences in the 1611–1996 and early 21st c. ETs KJV LSR RV ASV JPS JM AT RSV JB NAB NEB NASB TEV NIV HPR NKJV NJB NJPS NRSV REB CEV NLT ESV NET NABRE NIV11 ISV Genesis 49 5 1 1 1 2 12 10 7 16 13 20 3 9 7 6 3 15 2 6 13 7 5 3 8 11 7 6 Habakkuk 3 0 0 0 0 0 14 17 10 11 13 28 0 6 2 0 0 10 1 5 18 5 2 5 4 16 2 1 Psalm 139 1 1 2 1 2 10 7 8 10 8 13 15211735742 2 7 6 2 5 Proverbs 14 0 0 0 0 0 11 11 12 14 15 16 1 5 1 1 0 7 1 9 12 3 5 2 1 7 0 1 Conj. Em. 0 0 0 0 0 11 14 10 18 14 21 0 7 1 0 0 13 0 7 19 2 5 2 5 14 3 1 Qumran ––––– – – 5 5 19 12 6 7 7 7 0 8 3 20 9 11 12 4 5 13 8 12* Totals 6 2 3 2 4 58 59 52 74 82 110 11 39 20 15 4 60 10 52 78 32 31 18 30 67 22 26 Minimal Maximal Moderated New ETs Downloaded fromBrill.com09/25/2021 10:30:24PM S.C. Daley - 9789004391765 437 via free access 438 addendum The TC counts for the early 21st c. ETs were determined by examining each ET in each of the readings treated in the six main TBET modules. The asterisk on the ISV’s Qumran count is added as a reminder that because the ISV intends to follow 1QIsaa, not 픐, across the entire book of Isaiah, the number of times it reflects the scroll against 픐 is not a measure of eclectic tendency there. In Table 1, therefore, we do not include any Isaiah counts for ISV. In 1Samuel, however, ISV’s adoption of 4QSama variants in twelve places does contribute to an understanding of its eclectic tendencies. An addi- tional qualification on the early 21st c. TC counts (and a nuance left to future study) is the possibility that a full examination of the NET and NABRE notes might reveal a small number of additional TCs in those translations. An array of numerals, like the one presented in Table 1, can be difficult for the eye to interpret, and we can use charts and averages to begin to better understand the data. figure 2 Comparing period averages in two samples / new ETs In Figure 2 we are once again comparing per module, period averages for the four sample chapters (black columns) with period averages for the emendation sample (gray columns). The pattern of correlating minimal, maximal and medial numbers of TCs in both samples is now a familiar outcome of the original TBET test (see Chap- ter 5, Section D), but here the ‘New ETs’ columns have been tentatively added to the right. Do they indicate a new era in the history of the textual basis of the ETs? It is immediately striking that the averages for the early 21st c. ETs are very close to the averages shown for the preceding, 1971–1996 period. Certainly, in the conjectural emen- S.C. Daley - 9789004391765 Downloaded from Brill.com09/25/2021 10:30:24PM via free access English Translations: The Early 21st Century 439 dation data there is no distinct period 4, only an extension of period 3. Neither is there a distinct period 4 in the sample chapters data; again, there is only an extension of period 3. Combining the 1971–1996 ETs and the early 21st c. ETs into a single group causes only the slightest change in the averages for period 3, which will now cover 1971–2014. figure 3 Comparing period averages in two samples / period 3 extended While we cannot discuss all the textual decisions of the new ETs in detail, we supply for the reader a listing of the places where we have recorded and counted the TCs summa- rized in Table 1.