CityCity ofof GalvestonGalveston MidcenturyMidcentury ModernModern ArchitectureArchitecture HistoricHistoric ResourcesResources SurveySurvey DRAFT REPORT Submitted July 2018 Prepared by: Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. 8401 Shoal Creek Boulevard, Suite 100 Austin, Texas 78757 512‐338‐2223 McDoux Preservation, LLC. P.O. Box 1556 Kemah, Texas 77565 Kemah, Texas 77565 Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... ii Appendices ................................................................................................................................................... iv 1. Introduction and Executive Summary ................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... 1 2. Overview of Report ............................................................................................................................... 5 2.1. Report Terminology ...................................................................................................................... 5 2.2. Report Content ............................................................................................................................. 6 3. National Register of Historic Places and Local Designation .................................................................. 7 3.1. NRHP ............................................................................................................................................. 7 3.1.1. NRHP Significance ..................................................................................................................... 7 3.1.2. NRHP Integrity .......................................................................................................................... 8 3.1.3. NRHP Period of Significance ..................................................................................................... 8 3.1.4. NRHP Districts ........................................................................................................................... 9 3.2. City of Galveston Local Designation .............................................................................................. 9 3.2.1. Individual Local Landmarks ....................................................................................................... 9 3.2.2. Local Historic Districts ............................................................................................................ 10 4. Historic Research ................................................................................................................................. 11 4.1. Previously Documented Resources ............................................................................................. 11 4.2. Map and Photography Resources ............................................................................................... 11 4.3. Local Resources ........................................................................................................................... 12 4.4. Additional Source Material ......................................................................................................... 12 5. Historic Context ................................................................................................................................... 14 5.1. Early Settlement (1817‐1838) ..................................................................................................... 15 5.2. Nineteenth‐Century City Development (1839‐1899) ................................................................. 15 City of Galveston Historic Resources Survey ii Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. 5.3. The 1900 Hurricane and Its Aftermath (1900‐1914)................................................................... 19 5.4. A Shifting Economy (1915‐1957)................................................................................................. 21 5.5. Historic Preservation and Modern Galveston (1958‐1978) ........................................................ 24 6. Architecture ........................................................................................................................................ 27 6.1. Midcentury Architecture in Galveston ........................................................................................ 27 6.2. Midcentury Architects in Galveston ........................................................................................... 27 6.2.1. Raymond R. Rapp Jr. ............................................................................................................... 27 6.2.2. Thomas M. Price ..................................................................................................................... 28 6.2.3. Charles L. Zwiener ................................................................................................................... 29 6.2.4. Joseph F. Cooley ..................................................................................................................... 29 6.2.5. Louis L. Oliver .......................................................................................................................... 30 6.2.6. Tibor Beerman ........................................................................................................................ 30 6.2.7. Ben J. Kotin ............................................................................................................................. 31 6.3. Architectural Types and Styles .................................................................................................... 31 6.3.1. Art Deco and Art Moderne ..................................................................................................... 32 6.3.2. Post‐War Modern ................................................................................................................... 33 6.3.3. Contemporary ......................................................................................................................... 34 6.3.4. Ranch ...................................................................................................................................... 34 6.3.5. Styled Ranch ........................................................................................................................... 35 6.3.6. Brutalism ................................................................................................................................. 36 7. Survey Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 37 7.1. Fieldwork Preparation ................................................................................................................. 37 7.2. Field Survey ................................................................................................................................. 38 7.3. Post‐Field Processing and Evaluation ......................................................................................... 38 8. Survey Results and Observations ........................................................................................................ 40 City of Galveston Historic Resources Survey iii Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. 8.1. Raymond R. Rapp Jr.‐Designed Buildings .................................................................................... 40 8.1.1. Raymond R. Rapp Jr.‐Designed Buildings Survey Result Summary ........................................ 40 8.1.2. Local Landmark Recommendations: Raymond R. Rapp Jr. Resources ................................... 43 8.1.3. NRHP Recommendations: Raymond R. Rapp Jr. Resources ................................................... 44 8.2. The Harbor View Subdivision ...................................................................................................... 44 8.2.1. Harbor View Subdivision Overview ........................................................................................ 45 8.2.2. Harbor View Survey Result Summary ..................................................................................... 48 8.2.3. Local Landmark Recommendations: Harbor View ................................................................. 50 8.2.4. NRHP Recommendations: Harbor View ................................................................................. 51 8.2.5. District Recommendation: Harbor View ................................................................................. 51 8.3. MCM Resources .......................................................................................................................... 53 8.3.1. MCM Survey Result Summary ................................................................................................ 53 8.3.2. Local Landmark Recommendations: MCM Resources ........................................................... 55 8.3.3. NRHP Recommendations: MCM Resources ........................................................................... 57 10. Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................... 59 11. Sources ...............................................................................................................................................