《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 CHINESE SCIENCE ABSTRACTS (Monthly, Established in 2006) Vol. 10 No. 8, 2015 (Sum No. 110) Published on August 15, 2015 Chinese Science Abstracts Contents Competent Authority: China Association for Science and Technology Hot Topic Supporting Organization: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle…………………………………………………………………1 Department of Society Affa irs and Academic Activities El Niño………………………………………………………………………………………21 China Association for Science and Technology Cover Papers Sponsor: Science and Technology Review Publishing House Basic Science of Agriculture (38) Basic Theory of Environmental Science (39) Publisher: Botany (39) Chemical Industry (40) Chemistry (40) Crops (46) Energy and Power Engineering (46) Entomology (47) Science and Technology Review Publishing House General Biology (48) General Industrial Technology (49) Genetics (50) Editor-in-chief: CHEN Zhang-liang Geology (51) Metallography and Metalwork (52) Microbiology (52) Chief of the Staff / Deputy Editor-in-chief: Molecular Biology (53) Oceanography (53) Oncology (54) Pharmacy (54) Physics (55) Sports (55) Zoology (56) QIN De-ji [email protected] Deputy Chief of the Staff/Deputy Editor-in-chief: Data Ranking SHI Yong-chao [email protected] Acoustics (57) Agricultural Engineering (58) Deputy Editor-in-chief: SONG Jun Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science (59) Deputy Director of Editorial Department: Agriculture, Multidisciplinary (60) Agronomy (61) Allergy (62) WANG Shuai-shuai [email protected] Anatomy & Morphology (63) Andrology (64) Anesthesiology (65) WANG Xiao-bin Astronomy & Astrophysics (66) Automation & Control Systems (67) Biochemical Research Methods (68) Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (69) Executive Editor of this issue: Biodiversity Conservation (70) Biology (71) Biophysics (72) WANG Shuai-shuai Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology (73) Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems (74) Director of Circulation Department: Cell & Tissue Engineering (75) Cell Biology (76) Chemistry, Analytical (77) YU Hui [email protected] Chemistry, Applied (78) Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear (79) Editorial Department: Chemistry, Medicinal (80) Chemistry, Multidisciplinary (81) 010-62172009 [email protected]《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 Chemistry, Organic (82) Chemistry, Physical (83) Clinical Neurology (84) Circulation Department: Computer Science, Cybernetics (85) Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence (86) 010-62194182 [email protected] (for subscriptions) Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture (87) Address: No. 86, Xueyuan South Rd., Haidian Computer Science, Information Systems (88) Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications (89) District, Beijing 100081, P.R.China Computer Science, Software Engineering (90) Postcode: 100081 Computer Science, Theory & Methods (91) Construction & Building Technology (92) Website: www.csad.org.cn Critical Care Medicine (93) Crystallography (94) Sina Micro-blog: http://weibo.com/u/3809662148 Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine (95) Dermatology (96) Distributor: All Local Post Offices in China Developmental Biology (97) Ecology (98) Electrochemistry (99) Distribution Codes: Emergency Medicine (100) Endocrinology & Metabolism (101) 80-487 (Homeland) M1993 (Overseas) Energy & Fuels (102) Engineering, Aerospace (103) Engineering, Biomedical (104) Distributor in China: Beijing Publishing Bureau Engineering, Chemical (105) Engineering, Civil (106) Distributor Abroad: Engineering, Electrical & Electronic (107) Engineering, Environmental (108) Engineering, Geological (109) Engineering, Industrial (110) China International Book Trading Cooperation Engineering, Manufacturing (111) Engineering, Marine (112) (No. 35, Chegongzhuang West Road, Haidian Engineering, Mechanical (113) Engineering, Multidisciplinary (114) District, Beijing 100044, P.R.China Engineering, Ocean (115) Engineering, Petroleum (116) Printing: Beijing Jinghua Hucais Printing Co., Ltd. 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UAV is constituted of airframe, flight control system, data link system, launch and retrieve system, power system, and so on. The technology involved many aspects such as invisibility, flying control, power, data chain, launch and retrieve. The characters of UAV are: (1) flexibility in body, small in size, light in weight; (2) can afford multi-load tasks and take long time and far distance flying; (3) good stealth performance and viability, low cost; (4) high safety factor, good ability of autonomous control. The first UAV was successfully developed in England in 1917. The early UAV was transformed on the basic of the retired aircraft. The early UAV could only fly in the setting route, and could not be manual intervened or autonomic response, and mainly was used in assistant drone of artillery maneuvers. From the 1960s, with the developing of wireless, autonomic control, computers and so on, UAV no longer depended on ground control, and could take multiple tasks flexibly, and be used in the war. From 1990s, with the dramatic development of information technology, satellite communication technology and efficient aerodynamic technology, the property of UAV was constantly promoted, and the function was expanded, and UAV could be used in more and more fields. Now there has been a great mass fervor for UAV all over the world, and 57 countries are exploiting UAV, and the kinds of UAV are more than 1000, among which more than 400 types have come into production. These UAV are mailly used in military field and expanding in civil using. In the research of UAV, America has occupied the commanding height. So far, America has developed hundreds of high, medium, low altitude and large, medium, small sized UAV, which covered the fields of intelligence/surveillance/investigation, electronic countermeasures, communications relay, attack and so on. The developing level, performance index and technology readiness level of UAV in USA are in the front rank《中国学术期刊文摘》赠阅 of the world. The research of UAV in China started from 1950s, and got substantial progress in 1990s. Through the unremitting endeavor, the performance of UAV is improved continually, and the complete system of UAV has been formed, and different types and functions of UAV have come into service. But from the integral level, we have obvious divide from America and Israel in the research of UAV. The problems are: (1) though we have many kinds of UAV, but there are overlapping investment and low-level repeating, and the development of high-end of UAV is still far behind; (2) our engine research is weak. During the special flying condition, there is special demands to the engine; (3) the problem of networked communication. The war has puts forward high demands of high range, high precision, zero mortality, high repeating utilization factor and elusive to the weaponry, and UAV has become to be the absolutely necessary weaponry. With the development of flying platform and loading equipment, UAV is increasingly applied in military and civil field, especially in military field. With the development of the technology, the environment of modernize war is increasingly complicated, and it can’t fulfill a task by one single UAV. Multiple UAVs