Canada’s Sixth National Report to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity Submitted November 9, 2018 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................................... 2 Section I. Information on the targets being pursued at the national level ............................................................... 5 Canada Target 1 ......................................................................................................................................... 6 Canada Target 2 ......................................................................................................................................... 8 Canada Target 3 ....................................................................................................................................... 11 Canada Target 4 ....................................................................................................................................... 13 Canada Target 5 ....................................................................................................................................... 15 Canada Target 6 ....................................................................................................................................... 17 Canada Target 7 ....................................................................................................................................... 19 Canada Target 8 ....................................................................................................................................... 21 Canada Target 9 ....................................................................................................................................... 23 Canada Target 10 ..................................................................................................................................... 25 Canada Target 11 ..................................................................................................................................... 27 Canada Target 12 ..................................................................................................................................... 30 Canada Target 13 ..................................................................................................................................... 32 Canada Target 14 ..................................................................................................................................... 34 Canada Target 15 ..................................................................................................................................... 36 Canada Target 16 ..................................................................................................................................... 38 Canada Target 17 ..................................................................................................................................... 40 Canada Target 18 ..................................................................................................................................... 42 Canada Target 19 ..................................................................................................................................... 44 Section II. Implementation measures taken, assessment of their effectiveness, associated obstacles and scientific and technical needs to achieve national targets ........................................................................ 46 A Nature Legacy for Canada ................................................................................................................... 47 Making progress toward achieving Canada Target 1 ............................................................................... 49 General Status of Species in Canada ....................................................................................................... 57 North American Waterfowl Management Plan ....................................................................................... 59 Raising awareness and building capacity to address biodiversity concerns at the local level ................. 62 Making progress toward achieving Canada Target 5 ............................................................................... 64 Boreal forest research: What we know about Canada’s Boreal Forest .................................................... 68 Education and stewardship to create or improve habitat on farmland ..................................................... 70 Aquaculture science research ................................................................................................................... 74 Sustainable Fisheries Framework ............................................................................................................ 76 2 Implementation of the Canada-U.S. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA) ....................... 78 Strengthening national collaboration and governance on Invasive Alien Species prevention and management ................................................................................................................................ 83 Indigenous Guardians Programs .............................................................................................................. 85 Ontario Biodiversity Atlas: Identification of High Value Biodiversity Areas ......................................... 87 Municipal Natural Assets Initiative ......................................................................................................... 90 The Ecosystem Services Toolkit .............................................................................................................. 92 Advancing ecosystem accounting in Canada ........................................................................................... 95 Education, public awareness and participation in biodiversity conservation .......................................... 97 Section III. Assessment of progress towards each national target ...................................................................... 100 Progress assessment: Canada Target 1................................................................................................... 101 Progress assessment: Canada Target 2................................................................................................... 104 Progress assessment: Canada Target 3................................................................................................... 109 Progress assessment: Canada Target 4 ................................................................................................... 113 Progress assessment: Canada Target 5................................................................................................... 116 Progress assessment: Canada Target 6................................................................................................... 129 Progress assessment: Canada Target 7................................................................................................... 138 Progress assessment: Canada Target 8................................................................................................... 140 Progress assessment: Canada Target 9................................................................................................... 145 Progress assessment: Canada Target 10................................................................................................. 148 Progress assessment: Canada Target 11................................................................................................. 152 Progress assessment: Canada Target 12................................................................................................. 159 Progress assessment: Canada Target 13................................................................................................. 164 Progress assessment: Canada Target 14................................................................................................. 166 Progress assessment: Canada Target 15................................................................................................. 171 Progress assessment: Canada Target 16................................................................................................. 176 Progress assessment: Canada Target 17................................................................................................. 180 Progress assessment: Canada Target 18................................................................................................. 183 Progress assessment: Canada Target 19................................................................................................. 186 Section IV. Description of the national contribution to the achievement of each global Aichi Biodiversity Target ..................................................................................................................................................... 190 Aichi Target 1… .................................................................................................................................... 191 Aichi Target 2… .................................................................................................................................... 193 Aichi Target 3… ...................................................................................................................................