THE SFLEND.O,UR THAT WAS 'IND ByK;.. T~ S~H Some Opinions' on the. Author'.s English Works. TA. Calcutta: Bftil1D: "A aew book by Prof. Shah is always welcome, his name It8~lJ. beipg. sld6¢el).t.g11QlaD~ell; Jor. tlJ~ .,qulJUty .Bnd quantity of informatiou.." Th. -ilftalio RM,. (London): "Prof. Shah.is a,voluminous.writer,. 8~d -his_.wP.J:~~ have eQjoyed a _great reputation even outsid~ India.~' Th" ,Ti.flJu,. L¥er.o,,~!I,.8~Rl~'ft.; " •••••. Thouabt£td Bn" eJ:bBustive...~' The HifldtUtaft R,vi6W: II Prof•. K. T,.. Shah is one of our voluminous writers, having_ al~c;tldy 'p~~.e4.to.bi~,SJ;'~~t Dq)e¥. tharj' eight loUd B~~ autb:or_i~~~ve wor~.~· TA. MaAf'Gtta: U The works of Prof. Shah, the .diJt_inguisbeeJ ~omjs~.of ~~l' have become almost CIBls.ical. He bas already made his name ,88 an authoritative and • , ., .f .• _... • '. .' •. , .' _ , , • 8niduoul writer 00 Iodian probleJ;DB." .. : . .. TA. O,ylon Daily It'm,: ,.. Very interesting and comprebeDBive." Th. Modem ReotOUl.' .. Prof. Shah is a well~known writer on Indian Economics. Ilia. • I . _ ~ • ". ~ Btyle is delightfully trenchant. n Th, 8tatuman: ~I Prof. Shah's books eODstitnte interesting and thought-provoking contributions to the most" important topics of India. n Th. 8SNant 0/ India: U In the list of Economists in India the name of Prof. Shah. Etande very high, and hiB new work. serve only to enhance an established reputation. A high order~of scholarship and a becoming restraint charaeteri&eI all hiB works. Onlt find~}n his tr~atment ~ his su~jects al~ th,t ~8 a~~ell\"ble a~.d pr~isewor.thy":n Th. Strait. TirM.: II Prof. Shah, who haa written ex.tensively on Indian questioDl,. il • writer of much clari~y .In the .m~thod.. employed in ,ex-plaini~g _the .. intrica~iea~ of the- . problema which he tackles." TA. Hindu: .. Prof. Shah reveals a lucidity of style and facility of expre~ioD which make his expositions easily understood by the layman." Th',Tim.. o/lndia:. "Prof•• Sbah,ha.,a hl!.PPY k98cl:t ..of publl,shing,.mlJ,terials or topical interest....... The Analyticallide of his ","orb Is distinctly good." TA. Englillama,.: "Prof. Shah's weighty contributioDs on Indian problems have already earned fo;' him a reputatio~ fo; 'painstaking re.earcb, cueful and accurate GnalYll •. of the data and a constructive .indication for ~t~.~~ :p~o~~ea~Stt A:.wor.k.!r~~:!. the pen of 80 accomplished a writer Ql'ouse& higb expectations.~n Th. Bombay Clat'onicl,.. U An excellent scientific treatment of difficult iubjects, the lucidity of upresaion and wenlth of information given in Prof. Shah'. wor~: will doubtles~1 .~ntitle ~hem to on abiding-place in Indian Economie aD~.'~~ti~~~ ~it~~a~~~~.;' III T .. "._~: .. Prof. Sbah', them", .... III .bidi •• i.' .. ..t, _ klo ''''''' __t h .. • 1.. ys Wea: di!Jpulionate and ",halar',.·· T"" E.."i.A_: .. To .u _ ..Intad with tb. "/Ii", y .... of I.."... ,_." aod hia .ubJe.qttenl __ k.~. Prof. Sb.h it knowtl ., • ~Iear thinker. an .bIe writM' ..... .,.inatak.in~ rt"8Carcher.·· TA6 BMrcAJi,1al: "The )ueidil, 01 npr.noe, the w.if!fttific ..t'thw.i .nd the 'n· tcreminl' manner In wbkb be dt~ the ..riOUI .pecta of the prable.... be.,," It... enable the readel' to h ....e a dear g ....p aad undeJ'8blUdin. of the POiUUfWII of the ."te.. from ODe st.ge to another:" PIOpI,~ o'ln compreben.lvenell of 10'''., Prof. ShAh lflllNi DGthin .. t. be del'red. Hil work•• re a veritAble mine of inrorlDlllioa:' T"" Cioil aad Hi/itarll (/a ../lo: .. P.of. S .... h bu ~ompllad ~., _f.. 1 worlD boJed on genuine telteer("b. He preeenta biB .'l{Qmenti witb mooeratinn .nd good IIOnte. Hil striking eritldlm firmly founded On knoW'ledge .1 ....,... is ... slued:" TIN MadrM Mail: Prof. Shaho, works .re worth, 01 the aUeotioo 01 the publle ID~. 00 leas than of the E("onoml("tI Students.·' TIN buJiG,. &Iti,,,,: "In Prol. Shah-. W'01kl ••&!t array or tneful Inlormali_ I, offered to _ which impJiee patient ••d exteo!i,e inye,U,.tion. ,. TAl Tirn41 o/l"diG: .. Prof. Shab-, boob contAin many W'eU.coosldered conchllion. and mucb praiseworthy work:' WORKOS OF PRO F. K. T. SHAH 1. Biz', Ylar. ollndiaff l-'ifl4I1e" Ind Edition P.ko, n.. to,- 2. TraM. Tarijf. and TmMpo71 i1l lrtdi« .. 10/- S. Woollh a"d Tnzabl.• Capacity of IMia, {in ~oUober.Uoo wilh M•• K, I. Kbambotlo) .. .. 10/- 4. Cm",ittdiOfJ. F"JlcHon, "nd Finan" (JII Indiml Mv,udpalili,.. (In collabc:watioa with Mi .. G. J, B.h.du.ji) .. 10/· S. G_IIa.e. of India (ind Editioa), (In ,·ollabo•• lloo wltb Ms G. I. Bahadurji) ., fJI- 6. Indian C.rr,,.~y, Ezchanll' fJnd Bankin, .. ...,'~ .. .. f/- 8. Po#I- War G<rm""" (l9?1O) .. .,. 1>. Ftdorm 1-·i.'8,. ... 1,,-1..., (19~) 6'- IV PLATE XXIV fjl A KASHMIR GIRL PLATE XXV b1l A G01\D WOMAN ( Paillting by Hew Baliad"r M. I' . Dh lI,.an<ilanr J T·HESPLENDOUR THAT WAS· 1ND A SURVEY OF INDIAN CVLTURE AND CiVILISATION (FIlOM THE EARLIEST TIMES TO THE DEATH OF EMPEROR. AIlllANOZEB) BY K. T. SHAH1 B~A., B.SC. (LOND.) Barri.tor.... t·Law • . ~r~"'HOr o( ECOD.mi~ •• UDivenity of Bomb.i. F()REWORD BY THE MARQUESS 9F ZETLAND. C.C.S.I.,O.C.I.E. (formerly Earl of RODaldsb~y) Author of "The Heart o~ Aryavuta," "The Life of Lord CurZOD," EtC'.: . ' . W.J..tlJ, .( I lI.UUlt(l.tlOUS lp' ColoW'. 3~9 HI1r.:toD~·JllUOlratipn" .';a ~ -Map",' --.- BOMBAY: . D. B. T ARAPOREV ALA SONS & Co. .. Kitab Mahal": Hornby Road J 9300' Plu' ••• 11, .... 19S. COPYRIGHT 1930 BY n. B. TARAPOREVALA SONS & Co. BOMBAY PLATE XXVIII 77 A VILLAGE BEAUTY (JI't'om },". C. .McJ~ta'8 book ;'St'Ucl;ies in Indian 1'"aint{no"j It. <15 ••• ~. RESVRGAM ~ifqmiJ~if I fP if <u'INi .. ¥i'l S"'l1l. II ij((\ fitt~ ffill d!d¥idi( !- 1!iiR:. (l'!'iQidj: II -<adapted from 8,,",,01"'-.) FOREWORD BY The Marquess of Zetland, o. c. s. I., o. c. I. B. (formerly Earl of Ronaldshay) It may well be thought that in undertaking to give, within the compass of a single volum~. & picture of India through the ages-for that in eWect is what he here sets out to ,do-Professor Shah i~ embarking upon a task of no ordinary di8iculty. The canvas is so vast, the span of time so great, the material under view so varied, that a mind of unusual grasp is required to wield the brush, whic~ shall prove capable of painting a picture in true perspective without at the same time unduly sacl1ficing detail. It seems to me that Professor Shah has faced this difficulty courageously and with: success. He has realised the fact that a survey within these limits must be descriptive rather than disputatious; popular rather than learned-learned, that is to say, in the more technical meaning of that word, for of the learning and scholarship of the author there is ample evidence on almost every page. And since it is with the permanent rather than with the ~phemeral in the life story of tbe Continent that the author is concerned, he bas brought his tale to a close with the decline ami fall of the M ughal Empire, two centuries and more ago. Hence it is that the political controversies which hum so persistently and so jarringly round modern India are very properly. ignored. ,_ In his opening chapters Professor Shah sets the scene, so to speak, amid which the story of lndia bas been enacted. With a few rapid strokes of the brush he paints in tbe physical cbaracter­ sties of the land; and from the handiwork of Nature he passes on ~o the craftsmanship of man. We see great cities rising before our eyes-Ayodbya, tbe Capital of the Raghus; Patoliputra, the seat of Government of the famous Mauryan line; and-speeding down the centuries_Vijayanagar, a Hindu capital .:whose beauty was such as to surprise Abdur Razaak the Persian into dec1aring, that neither the pupil of the eye had evel' seen a place like it, nor the ear of intelligence-been informed that there existed anything to equal it in the world. And in a later chapJer devoted ~ architecture, he examines in greater detail the claims of the Indian peoples to distinction in this particular field of human achievement. Here the relationsh;ip bebveen Hindu and Indo-Muhammadan architecture is traced, and the characteristic features of each discussed. Outstanding examples of ditFerent types of building_temples and palaces, tombs and mosques-.are depicted for purposes of illustration. And better still, the reader is provided witb data, which enable him to grasp not merely the outward appearance of a building, but the origin and significance of its component parts. Whence, for example, comes what Professor Shah speaks of as Ie the most peculiar feature of temple architecture throughout India." namely, the Shikhara or curvilinear spire? To this. as to many similar questions. he provides the answer: II The spire or Shikhara was, in its earliest form • •. a kind of cbimney over the temporary tabernacle of the Vedic cult, to permit tbe smoke from the sacred fire to escape." It is scarcely necessary to point out that the religious buildings of India, striking as they undoubtedly are even to the uninstructed gaze, .acquire in the eyes of the visitor, furnished with information on points such as t.hese, 4 new interest and a more impressive beauty.