Smuggling Anthologies Reader Publisher Museum of Modern Translations Petra Julia Ujawe and Contemporary Art, and Nilesh Ujawe (Slovenian to Dolac 1/II, Rijeka, Croatia English), Lidija Toman and Slobodan www.mmsu.hr Drenovac (Croatian to English), Rajka Marinković (Marija Mitrović’s For the publisher Slaven Tolj essay), Virginia Dordei and Maja Editor in chief Ana Peraica Lazarević Branišelj (Italian to English) Editorial board Giuliana Carbi, English copyediting Kate Foley Sabina Salamon, Marija Terpin Mlinar Photo documentation Robert Sošić Authors Ana Peraica, Sabina Salamon, (set up in Rijeka), Aleksandra S. Mutić Giuliana Carbi, Marija Terpin Mlinar, (set up in Idrija), Fabrizio Giraldi Marija Mitrović, Tomislav Brajnović, Stephan Steiner, Gia Edzgveradze, Design Mileusnić+Serdarević Darinka Kolar Osvald, Aleksandar Printed by Kerschoffset Garbin, Dragica Čeč, Petra Jurjavčič, Zagreb, January 2015 Federico Sancimino, Michele Di © MMSU, Rijeka, 2015 Bartolomeo, Društvo bez granica, Catalogue no. 333 Róbert Tasnádi, Anja Medved, Bojan ISBN 978-953-6501-93-9 Mitrović, Jan Lemitz, Victor López González, Božo Repe, Melita Richter, CIP zapis dostupan u računalnom Azra Akšamija, Balázs Beöthy, Mira katalogu Sveučilišne knjižnice Hodnik, Tanja Žigon, Krešo Kovačiček Rijeka pod brojem 130606039 & Associates, Milan Trobič, Monika Fajfar, Anonymous, Tanja Vujasinović, Can Sungu, Zanny Begg, Oliver Ressler, Vana Gović, Alexandra Lazar, Cristiano EU culture – This project has been funded Berti, Soho Fond, Marco Cechet, Lorenzo with support from the European Commission. Cianchi, Michele Tajariol, Ana Smokrović, This publication reflects the views only of the Hassan Abdelghani, Ralf Čeplak Mencin, author, and the Commission cannot be held Dušan Radovanović, Ivo Deković, Igor responsible for any use which may be made Kirin, Nikola Ukić, Federico Costantini of the information contained therein. Published in conjunction with the exhibitions/symposia/ research within the project Smuggling Anthologies Police Museum: Modalities of smuggling 8 Ana Peraica: An introduction to smuggling as an object of academic 16 research and the politics of artistic engagement 1 Smuggling ideas Sabina Salamon: On smuggling with credibility 26 Giuliana Carbi: Smuggling Anthologies Trieste 34 Marija Terpin Mlinar: Frankly about the illicit 37 Marija Mitrović: Smuggling as a literary topic 48 Tomislav Brajnović: Opel Kadett B 56 Stephan Steiner: Dangerous read 58 Gia Edzgveradze: Smugglers of the moon 65 Darinka Kolar Osvald: Smuggling of artwork, cultural heritage 68 Aleksandar Garbin: Vukosav Ilić 78 2 Territory smuggled Dragica Čeč: Theft and smuggling of cinnabar as a means of survival – 82 The trial of thieves and smugglers of cinnabar in 1700–1701 Petra Jurjavčič: Smuggling in the Črni Vrh area in the period 106 between the two World Wars and in the years after Federico Sancimino and Michele Di Bartolomeo: Gorizia – 122 Regia Guardia di Finanza and contrabant at the Rapallo border Društvo bez granica: Nonićeva tiramola 138 Róbert Tasnádi: Crossroads of the Iron Curtain 140 Anja Medved: Smugglers’ confessional – Views through the Iron Curtain 146 Bojan Mitrović: Yugoslavia between socialism and consumerism 149 Jan Lemitz: The registration machine 158 Victor López González: Atlas/The smuggler of images 160 Božo Repe: Italian-Yugoslav border after the Second World War 165 – Crossings, shopping, smuggling Melita Richter: Memories of living with/beyond border 170 Azra Akšamija: Arizona road 182 6 3 To smuggle vs. to be smuggled Balázs Beöthy: Travelling secrets 192 Mira Hodnik: Smugglers of mercury and mercury ore in the Loka dominion 196 Tanja Žigon: Contrabandists, chainlinkers or smugglers? 203 Krešo Kovačiček & Associates: Tobacco standard 213 Milan Trobič: Contrabandists and smugglers 215 Monika Fajfar: Martin Krpan and a seasoned mind 222 Anonymous: Childhood smuggling 225 Tanja Vujasinović: Family archive 238 Can Sungu: Replaying home 240 Zanny Begg and Oliver Ressler: The right of passage 244 Vana Gović: Janša? 246 Aleksandra Lazar: Pirates of the precariat – The effects of transition 252 on culture workers in Serbia Cristiano Berti: Black Torino 262 Soho Fond: A tribute to the Soviet underground business scene in Tallinn 266 Marco Cechet: Big Lie (t)To Interrail 268 Lorenzo Cianchi and Michele Tajariol: FalseBottom 270 Hassan Abdelghani: East of Svilengrad and Crossing the Maritsa river 272 Ana Smokrović: Biopolitics and human organ trafficking 274 Ivo Deković, Igor Kirin, Nikola Ukić: Ariel 283 Ralf Čeplak Mencin: Smuggling opium from Afganistan 287 Federico Costantini: “Pretty good privacy” – Smuggling in the Information Age 303 Dušan Radovanović: Russian Forest 312 References Bibliography 316 Index 327 Illustrations 330 Colophon 332 Contributors 334 7 A B E F I J M N 8 C D G H K L O P [1] Human trafficking (A-L), [2] Smuggling of animals (M-P), archival material. Courtesy: archival material. Courtesy: Police Museum, Zagreb. Police Museum, Zagreb. 9 A B E F I J M N [3] Drug smuggling: cocaine (A-H), [4] Drug smuggling: heroin (I-L), archival material. Courtesy: archival material. Courtesy: Police Museum, Zagreb. Police Museum, Zagreb. 10 C D G H K L O P [5] Drug smuggling: cannabis (M-P), archival material. Courtesy: Police Museum, Zagreb. 11 A B E F I J M N [6] Tobacco smuggling (A-P), archival material. Courtesy: Police Museum, Zagreb. 12 C D G H K L O P 13 [7] Vladimir Petek: Ponte Rosso, film still, 1971. [8] Vladimir Petek: Ponte Rosso, film stills, 1971. 16 Ana Peraica An introduction to smuggling as an object of academic research and the politics of artistic engagement This reader, which you find yourself beginning, is the result of a complex and multilayered experiment in cultural production. It was held from 2013 to 2015 on the ‘interstitial territory’ of three European, more precisely European Union, countries (Italy, Slovenia and Croatia). Carried out by three leading in- stitutions, the Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art Rije- ka, Croatia, the Municipal Museum in Idrija, Slovenia, and Tri- este Contemporanea, in Italy,1 the topic of the project was a 1 Curators: Sabina critical historical connection between them – smuggling. The Salamon, Marija Terpin territory under consideration was economically, legally and Mlinar and Giuliana Carbi. politically disjointed for about half of the twentieth century, which meant that quite often ordinary contact was strictly for- bidden, controlled, prevented, and punished. Still, contact and exchange persisted, immediately after it was forbidden. In the following introduction, I will elaborate on the topic of border-crossing in the physical sense, and then define bor- der crossing in alternative ways. First I explore the idea of ‘porous territory,’ a territorial history treated as non-existent, obscured, yet not forgotten, one that urged re-naming in order to handle any real and present narratives at all. In the follow- ing section I will try to provide another interpretation of smug- gling, a reading of the politically subconscious present, expe- rienced not only in the smuggling of objects of desire, such as jeans (as well as goods that are far less legal), but also of smug- gling as a form of transgression. I refer to the notion of break- ing the physical body, and its regulation by the state as a kind of macro-body. I will proceed to relate notions of contamina- tion to the idea smuggling, and finally I examine the narrative of the smuggler as anti-hero. So, let us see what is the point of the border and its various crossings. Given potential future use of this project and reader, as its editor I found it useful to underscore three points in the or- ganisation of chapters and subsequent reading offered in sep- arate bibliographies at the end of the book. The first is the smuggling of ideas that can ‘contaminate’ politics and cultural discourses, which arrive as a by-product of smuggled goods, the second is the notion of hidden geographies, secret, illegal 17 or mythical, and the third is the ideal of the desirable Other, blamed yet wanted, the anti-hero smuggler. So, this reader is divided into three sections, entitled, “Smuggling Ideas”, “Territory Smuggled” and “To Smuggle vs. To Be Smuggled.” Mythogeographies 2 A term coined by Phil In order to better define the border under our consideration, Smith and explained in his I would like to introduce the neologism ‘mythogeography’ Manifesto, http://www.the idioticon.com/uploads/ which refers to shifting multiple and simultaneous interpre- 1/4/0/0/14002490/mytho tations of space. It claims that aside from any official border geography_manifesto.pdf. dividing two systems, there are various ways of connecting a space to the body via performance, rather than only as a re- 3 Most of Yugoslavian parti- 2 san brigades had united in ferrent to a map of an official zone (Smith). Geography, thus, Trieste, in the celebration of is defined not via an objective space, represented by objective the end of war, at the same geo-representations, such as maps, but is an instable subjec- time pushing the last Nazi tive and dynamic space, which may also be hidden and un- Germany soldiers further North till the capitulation. known. Let us first see the notion of the instability. To clarify, the border between Italy, Slovenia and Croatia 4 The seizure of Trieste has changed several times during the lifetime of the project’s lasted from May 1st to June participants. Previous to being fused to the European Union, 12th 1945. In that period many Triestins were report- both Croatia and Slovenia were