Tacitus De vita et moribus Iulii Agricolae; with introduction and notes by Alfred Gudeman ... Tacitus, Cornelius. Boston, Allyn and Bacon, 1899. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google We have determined this work to be in the public domain, meaning that it is not subject to copyright. Users are free to copy, use, and redistribute the work in part or in whole. It is possible that current copyright holders, heirs or the estate of the authors of individual portions of the work, such as illustrations or photographs, assert copyrights over these portions. Depending on the nature of subsequent use that is made, additional rights may need to be obtained independently of anything we can address. The digital images and OCR of this work were produced by Google, Inc. (indicated by a watermark on each page in the PageTurner). Google requests that the images and OCR not be re-hosted, redistributed or used commercially. The images are provided for educational, scholarly, non-commercial purposes. Generated for DAMON, CYNTHIA (University of Pennsylvania) on 2015-08-18 02:20 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google TacitusmoribusAgricolae etTacitusDeCorneliusIuliivita Generated for DAMON, CYNTHIA (University of Pennsylvania) on 2015-08-18 02:20 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google HARVARD COLLEGE LIBRARY FROM THE LIBRARY OF EDWIN WILLIAM FRIEND 10, 1936 Generated for DAMON, CYNTHIA (University of Pennsylvania) on 2015-08-18 02:20 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google 102 771 714 Generated for DAMON, CYNTHIA (University of Pennsylvania) on 2015-08-18 02:20 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google Generated for DAMON, CYNTHIA (University of Pennsylvania) on 2015-08-18 02:20 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google ai U^^-vsh Generated for DAMON, CYNTHIA (University of Pennsylvania) on 2015-08-18 02:20 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google Map of Gkeat Britain and Ireland, illustrative of the Agricola of Tacitus. Generated for DAMON, CYNTHIA (University of Pennsylvania) on 2015-08-18 02:20 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google ALLYN AND BACON'S COLLEGE LATIN SERIES UNDER THE GENERAL EDITORSHIP OF CHARLES E. BENNETT and JOHN C. ROLFE TACITUS DE VITA ET MORIBUS IULII AGRICOLAE WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES BY ALFRED GUDEMAN PROFESSOR OF CLASSICAL PHILOLOGY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA Boston ALLYN AND BACON 1899 Generated for DAMON, CYNTHIA (University of Pennsylvania) on 2015-08-18 02:20 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google HARVARD COLLEGE LIBRARY FROM THE LIBRARY OF EDWIN WILLIAM FRIEND DECEMBER 10, 1836 COPYRIGHT, 1899, BY ALFRED GUDEMAN. J. S. CuBhinp & Co. — Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass. U.S.A. Generated for DAMON, CYNTHIA (University of Pennsylvania) on 2015-08-18 02:20 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google PREFACE. Wex's edition of the Agricola (1852) may be said to constitute a new landmark in the philological labors devoted to the elucida tion of this biography. He incorporated what was still of value in the work of his numerous predecessors, and added not a little of his own to the improvement of the text and to a better under standing of its contents. Since his time the contributions made to the criticism and exegesis of the Agricola, and to Tacitus gen erally, have been very considerable, both in quality and quantity ; but while the historical, ethnological, and syntactical material thus accumulated is satisfactorily exhaustive, the strictly rhetorical features of the Agricola, conspicuous though they are, have hitherto been persistently and inexplicably overlooked or ignored. And yet it must be evident that a student can at best acquire but a very superficial appreciation of the consummate artistic merits of this treatise if he remain in ignorance of the vital elements that make the Agricola the immortal masterpiece that it is. I have, therefore, been at pains to illustrate and analyze, albeit under the restrictions necessarily imposed upon a college edition, all noteworthy rhetorical features in the style and structure of the Agricola, the synopsis in the Introduction being, for the reason given above, intentionally more full than might otherwise appear warranted in an edition of this nature. The discovery that Taci tus, in writing the Agricola, closely followed time-honored rhetori cal canons for biographical composition was as great a surprise to me, who had once denied this on the basis of an examination of extant classical biographies, as it will doubtless be to others. I hope, however, that the necessarily brief review of the evidence given in the Introduction will suffice to carry conviction. In the Notes I have endeavored to face every real difficulty and to omit no comment, wherever such would be welcome to the young student, and I trust that no wholly irrelevant matter has iii Generated for DAMON, CYNTHIA (University of Pennsylvania) on 2015-08-18 02:20 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google iv PREFACE. been allowed to intrude. In not burdening the commentary with scrupulous acknowledgment for every real obligation incurred, imperative as this would be in an edition intended for scholars, I have ventured to follow a well-recognized precedent. Nor have I, for reasons of brevity, called attention, except in a few instances, to the existence of other interpretations than those, whether new or old, which I deemed sufficiently convincing to warrant accept ance. Under these circumstances I gladly take this opportunity of saying that, of all the editions accessible to me, I have found those of Wex, Peter, Andresen, and Furneaux especially helpful and suggestive ; and I only regret that, having profited so much by their labors, I should have been compelled to dissent from their views so frequently, though I hope never without valid reasons. That I have again made every possible use of the ad mirable Lexicon Taciteum, unfortunately not yet finished, will be evident from my Notes. The text has been subjected to a thorough revision, and may claim to represent an independent recension. It differs from that of Halm4 in nearly sixty instances, the justification of these devia tions being given, as briefly as possible, in a Critical Appendix. It is a matter of great regret that I had to be deprived of the benefit which the third known Ms. of the Agricola, discovered by Dr. R. Wuensch in Toledo, might have proved to be for the con stitution of a better text than is now possible. But the most strenuous efforts to secure a copy, photograph, or collation have been alike unavailing, owing to the unfortunate attitude of the prelate of Toledo, who, though incapable of reading the Ms. himself, has absolutely prohibited its inspection, on the ground that a Ms. once made known loses all its value. In conclusion, I have again the pleasure of acknowledging with gratitude the most welcome and valuable aid which my old friends, Professor John C. Rolfe of the University of Michigan and Pro fessor Charles E. Bennett of Cornell University, have so ungrudg ingly given to this book in its passage through the press. A. GUDEMAN. Philadelphia, June 1, 1899. Generated for DAMON, CYNTHIA (University of Pennsylvania) on 2015-08-18 02:20 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google INTRODUCTION. i. LIFE AND WRITINGS OF TACITUS. Life. — P. Cornelius Tacitus seems to have been born of an equestrian family in northern Italy.1 The date of his birth can be only approximately determined from a refer ence in the correspondence of Pliny the Younger, Tacitus's intimate and lifelong friend. In a letter addressed to Tacitus (Epist. VII. 20, 24) we are told that the latter, though propemodum aequcdis, had already achieved a great oratorical reputation, while he himself was still adulescen- tulus. The allusion is quite vague, but as Pliny was born in 62 a.d., having reached his eighteenth year at the time of the destruction of Pompeji in 79 a.d., Tacitus cannot well have been born earlier than 54/55 a.d., a date which agrees with what little other biographical information we possess of him. He seems to have received his education in Rome, for it is all but certain that he was, like Pliny, a pupil of Quintilian. At all events, his earliest extant work, the Dialogus de oratoribus, published not later than the reign of Titus (79-81 a.d.), exhibits many clear traces of the influence of that great teacher.2 According to his own statement, he served his forensic apprenticeship under two 1 It is a most curious fact that not a single great writer in Latin literature was a native Roman. 2 See my Introd. to the Dial., pp. xiii. f. Generated for DAMON, CYNTHIA (University of Pennsylvania) on 2015-08-18 02:20 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044102771714 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google vi INTRODUCTION.