© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION CHAPTERNOT FOR 1SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning,Introduction LLC © and Jones & History Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Thomas J. Aicher and Amanda L. Paule-Koba © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Marcio Jose Bastos Silva/Shutterstock Jose Bastos © Marcio © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC CHAPTERNOT OBJECTIVES FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Upon completion of this chapter, the reader will be able to: 1. Outline the origins of sport facilities and events. © Jones2. Explain & Bartlett the evolution Learning, of facilities LLC in terms of design, financing, ©and Jones use. & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT3. FOR Define SALE the main OR components DISTRIBUTION of the sport facility and event managementNOT FOR and SALEmain OR DISTRIBUTION content areas discussed in detail throughout this text. CHAPTER OVERVIEW © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC This chapter will outline the evolution of facilities and events from the Greek and NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Roman eras to modern day. It will outline the trends in facility construction, financ- ing, and design over the past few centuries to develop a strong understanding of the evolution to modern facilities. Finally, it will give a brief outline of the entire text to establish an understanding of how to properly navigate the text. © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION 1 © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC.© NOTJones FOR SALE& Bartlett OR DISTRIBUTION. Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION 9781284162967_CH01_Aicher.indd 1 2/1/19 6:25 PM © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION 2 CHAPTER 1 | Introduction and History © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC IndustryVOICE NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Alexandra (Alexx) Klein, Senior Studio Production Coordinator—Big Ten Network s the studio production strategy, advertising, and the broadcasts themselves. A coordinator, it is my Social media is also becoming more and more inte- © Jones & Bartlettresponsibility Learning, to LLCbe the con- grated into the ©overall Jones fan experience. & Bartlett To capitalize Learning, on LLC NOT FOR SALE ORduit DISTRIBUTION between the network these trends, BTNNOT created FOR a position SALE called OR Multi-Video DISTRIBUTION and 1) the universities’ public Platform Editor (MVPE). There is one MVPE on each relations departments, 2) the school’s campus, which allows the network to lever- universities’ video services age access to create new ways to connect with fans departments, 3) the confer- through school-specific content. Fans want to feel like © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLCence, and 4) bowl games and © Jonesthey’re getting & Bartlett to know Learning,their favorite teams LLC and ath- NOT FOR SALEmajor OR tournaments. DISTRIBUTION To prepare for this role, I advanced NOTletes, FOR so this SALE position OR allows DISTRIBUTION us to accomplish that. An my education by obtaining a master’s degree in Sport increased presence on digital media platforms leads Administration. While completing this degree, I worked to better sponsorship opportunities, which ultimately as a Sports Information Director dealing with facility helps offset monetary losses from cord cutting. operations and event managers on a day-to-day basis, When hiring someone for an entry-level position, through public relations (PR) and communications. © Jones & Bartlett Learning,I lookLLC for someone with skills that© will Jones contribute & Bartlett to Learning, LLC When I was hired at Big Ten Network (BTN) after grad- NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTIONthe company, along with the confidenceNOT FORto know SALE that OR DISTRIBUTION uation, I was able to combine my experiences with they can. We seek individuals who are eager to learn, PR and event management and used those skills as a are curious, and are team players. These characteris- foundation for success. tics make for a successful entry-level employee. There The biggest challenge that I believe is facing this are also skills commonly missing among new gradu- © segmentJones of& the Bartlett sport industry Learning, is “cord cutting.” LLC This is © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC ates. The two most significant missing skills that I’ve NOTwhen FOR an individual SALE chooses OR DISTRIBUTION to drop his or her cable NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION TV subscription in favor of streaming over the Inter- seen are an understanding of how organizations work net. The biggest reason that people seem to be mak- and how to navigate complexity, as well as a struggle ing this switch is rising cable bills. Over the past few to deal with ambiguity. To be better prepared for the years, streaming video services have skyrocketed in workforce, I recommend that students get field expe- rience outside of the classroom. The combination of © Jones & Bartlettpopularity; Learning, however, thereLLC is one major flaw with the © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC a good education plus outside experience will set a NOT FOR SALEmodel: OR NoDISTRIBUTION live programming, which is great news for NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION the staff of BTN because live events are such a major candidate apart from a student who only focused on part of the day-to-day operation. The goal is maintain- one of those things. For example, my current position ing the current cable TV model, while appeasing the is unique in that it involves multiple departments. cord cutters and getting the fans to become content Because of this, it requires an employee to come into through over-the-top© Jones (OTT) platforms. & Bartlett Learning,the LLC company with previous experience© Jones in multiple & Bartlett Learning, LLC In the future, INOT believe FOR that there SALE will be OR an increase DISTRIBUTION fields. Students should participateNOT in, and FOR volunteer SALE OR DISTRIBUTION on the emphasis of digital media. Specifically, real- for, a variety of opportunities throughout their under- time interactions with fans through digital platforms. graduate careers in order to be best prepared for the The success of these interactions affect distribution workforce. © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC.© NOTJones FOR SALE& Bartlett OR DISTRIBUTION. Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION 9781284162967_CH01_Aicher.indd 2 2/1/19 6:25 PM © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Introduction 3 Introduction© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Throughout history, sport, sport events, and sport facilities have been a major cultural com- ponent of our societies. Dating as far back as © Jones30,000 &years, Bartlett there is Learning, evidence to LLCsuggest the © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOTenjoyment FOR SALE of sport OR and DISTRIBUTION sport for leisure, as NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION supported by the prehistoric cave art found in France, Africa, and Australia (Masterman, 2009). The common sports displayed in these © Jones & Bartlettrenderings Learning, are wrestling, LLC running, swimming,© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE andOR archery. DISTRIBUTION While these renderings do not NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION truly depict sport in a manner in which it is consumed and participated in today, cave paint- ings in Mongolia dating back to 7000 BC display wrestling matches with crowds of spectators. © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett© muha04/iStock/Thinkstock Learning, LLC Combined, these portrayals demonstrate the NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION continued importance of sport participation and consumption within our societies. This rich history of sport events was largely associated with ceremo- nies created to honor either religious gods or leaders of the civilization. For © Jonesexample, & drawingsBartlett foundLearning, on pharaonic LLC monuments depicted© individuals Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOTparticipating FOR SALE in variousOR DISTRIBUTION sporting activities (e.g., swimming, NOTboxing, FOR wres -SALE OR DISTRIBUTION tling, running, handball), believed to be designed and governed by ancient kings, princes, and statesmen. In addition, some argue that these events were the first in which basic rules, officials, and uniforms were used during © Jones & Bartlettthe Learning,sport events. LLCWhile some argue that England© Jones is the &birthplace Bartlett of Learning, foot- LLC NOT FOR SALE ballOR (commonly DISTRIBUTION known as soccer in the UnitedNOT States), FOR the SALE ancient OR game