IT-98-32/1-T 12910 D12910 - D12551 20 July 2009 MC UNITED NATIONS Case No. IT-9832/1T International Tribunal for the Prosecutionof Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International HumanitarianLaw Committedin Date: 20July 2009 the Territoryof the former Yugoslavia since 1991 Original: English IN TRIAL CHAMBER III Before: Judge Patrick Robinson, Presiding Judge Christine Van den Wyngaert Judge PedroDavid Registrar: Mr. John Hocking Judgement of: 20July2009 PROSECUTOR v. MILAN LUKIĆ SREDOJE LUKIĆ PUBLIC JUDGEMENT The Office of the Prosecutor Mr. Dermot Groome Mr. Frédéric Ossogo Ms. Laurie Sartorio Mr. StevanCole Ms. Francesca Mazzocco Counsel for the Accused Mr. JasonAlaridandMr. DraganIvetić for MilanLukić Mr. ÐuroČepić andMr. Jens Dieckmannfor Sredoje Lukić 12909 I. INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................9 A. The Accused Milan Luki}.........................................................................................................9 B. The Accused Sredoje Luki}....................................................................................................10 C. Charges against Milan Luki} and Sredoje Luki}.................................................................11 D. Evidentiarymatters ................................................................................................................13 1. Contempt allegations raised by the Prosecution .......................................................................... 13 2. Alibi evidence.............................................................................................................................. 14 (a) The nature of an alibi generally.............................................................................................. 14 (b) Notice of alibi defence ........................................................................................................... 15 (c) Burden ofproof ...................................................................................................................... 16 3. In-court identification .................................................................................................................. 17 4. Protective measures ..................................................................................................................... 18 5. Evidence of non-indicted crimes ................................................................................................. 18 II. FACTS .........................................................................................................................................19 A. Background..............................................................................................................................19 B. Vi{egrad Serb Police ...............................................................................................................25 C. White Eagles and other paramilitaryunits ..........................................................................27 1. Milan Lukić and Sredoje Lukić– membership of the White Eagles or “Avengers”.................... 29 2. Factual finding ............................................................................................................................. 31 D. Evidence of existence of an armed conflict ...........................................................................31 E. The Drinariver incident .........................................................................................................37 1. Prosecution case........................................................................................................................... 37 (a) Events..................................................................................................................................... 37 (b) Prosecution identification evidence ....................................................................................... 47 (i) VG032....................................................................................................................................... 47 (ii) VG014...................................................................................................................................... 48 (iii) Mitar Vasiljevi}....................................................................................................................... 49 (iv) VG079 ..................................................................................................................................... 50 2. Defence case ................................................................................................................................ 50 (a) Challenges to the Prosecution case ........................................................................................ 50 (i) Testimony of Radomir Sim{i}................................................................................................... 50 (ii) Evidence of Professor Vera Folnegovi}-[malc in the Vasiljevi} case..................................... 51 (iii) Evidence of Professor Linda LaGrange .................................................................................. 52 (b) Milan Luki}’s alibi................................................................................................................. 54 3. Prosecution alibi rebuttal evidence .............................................................................................. 63 (a) Prosecution allegations of interference with Milan Luki} Defence witnesses....................... 63 (i) Submissions............................................................................................................................... 63 (ii) Evidence of Hamdija Vilić....................................................................................................... 64 (iii) Evidence of MLD10................................................................................................................ 65 (iv) Evidence of VG146................................................................................................................. 66 (v) Challenges to the evidence of MLD1....................................................................................... 68 (b) Alibi rebuttal evidence of VG063.......................................................................................... 69 (c) Exhibits P147, P149 and P313 ............................................................................................... 71 4. Factual findings in relation to the Drina river incident................................................................ 71 (a) Defence challenge of the occurrence of the Drina river incident........................................... 71 (b) Prosecution evidence concerning Milan Luki}’s acts and conduct on 7 June 1992 .............. 72 (c) Prosecution evidence concerning Milan Luki}’s presence on 7 June 1992 ........................... 74 (d) Defence evidence concerning Milan Luki}’s alibi................................................................. 76 (e) Prosecution alibi rebuttal evidence......................................................................................... 82 (f) Finding on Milan Luki}’s presence, acts and conduct on 7 June 1992 .................................. 83 F. The Vardafactoryincident.....................................................................................................83 1. Prosecution case........................................................................................................................... 83 (a) Events..................................................................................................................................... 83 (b) John Clark .............................................................................................................................. 91 (c) Prosecution identification evidence........................................................................................ 92 2. Defence case ................................................................................................................................ 96 Case No. IT98-32/1T 2 20July 2009 12908 (a) Defence challenge of Prosecution investigations, including of the Varda factory incident... 96 (b) Defence evidence concerning the victims ofthe Varda factory incident............................... 98 (c) Milan Luki}’s alibi................................................................................................................. 99 3. Prosecution alibi rebuttal evidence .............................................................................................. 99 (a) VG131 .................................................................................................................................... 99 (b) VG133 and VG141 .............................................................................................................. 100 4. Factual findings in relation to the Varda factory incident ......................................................... 105 (a) Defence challenge of Prosecution investigations, including of the Varda factory incident. 105 (b) Weight to be placed on witness evidence ............................................................................ 106 (c) Date ofthe incident .............................................................................................................. 108 (d) Prosecution evidence concerning Milan