Family: Apocynaceae Taxon: Mandevilla sanderi Synonym: Dipladenia ×amoena T. Moore Common Name: Shrub displadenia Dipladenia sanderi Hemsl. (basionym) Brazilian jasmine Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: L Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score -2 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 y 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens y=1, n=0 n 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 y 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 n 410 Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island) y=1, n=0 y 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 y Print Date: 8/6/2012 Mandevilla sanderi (Apocynaceae) Page 1 of 8 412 Forms dense thickets y=1, n=0 n 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n 504 Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) y=1, n=0 n 601 Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat y=1, n=0 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 n 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 604 Self-compatible or apomictic y=1, n=-1 605 Requires specialist pollinators y=-1, n=0 y 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y=1, n=-1 n 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1 701 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked y=1, n=-1 n areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant y=1, n=-1 n 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 y 705 Propagules water dispersed y=1, n=-1 n 706 Propagules bird dispersed y=1, n=-1 n 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) y=1, n=-1 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) y=1, n=-1 n 802 Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr) y=1, n=-1 n 803 Well controlled by herbicides y=-1, n=1 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 805 Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents) y=-1, n=1 Designation: L WRA Score -2 Print Date: 8/6/2012 Mandevilla sanderi (Apocynaceae) Page 2 of 8 Supporting Data: 101 1933. Woodson, Jr., R.E.. Studies in the [Is the species highly domesticated?? No] "M. Sanderi is known at present only Apocynaceae. IV. The American Genera of from a single specimen of a Brazilian plant imported by Sander & Co. of St. Echitoideae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Albans, England. The type specimen, which has been examined in the course of Garden. 20(4): 605-790. this study, is deposited in the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and a photograph has been incorporated in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden. Although closely related to M. Sellowii, the very distinct foliage appears to justify the retention of M. Sanderi -as a species." 102 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 103 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 201 2005. Staples, G.W./Herbst, D.R.. A Tropical [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) 2-High] "Native to Brazil…" Garden Flora - Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI 202 2005. Staples, G.W./Herbst, D.R.. A Tropical [Quality of climate match data 2-High] Garden Flora - Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian Islands and Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI 203 1999. Gilman, E.F.. Mandevilla sanderi ‘Red [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? No] "USDA hardiness zones: Riding Hood’. Fact Sheet FPS-398. Institute of 10 through 11" Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL http://hort.ifas.ufl.edu/database/documents/pdf/sh rub_fact_sheets/mansana.pdf 204 2005. Staples, G.W./Herbst, D.R.. A Tropical [Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] "Native Garden Flora - Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian to Brazil…" Islands and Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, HI 205 2005. Staples, G.W./Herbst, D.R.. A Tropical [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Garden Flora - Plants Cultivated in the Hawaiian range? Hawaiian Islands] "Mandevilla" … "Four taxa are occasionally grown in Islands and Other Tropical Places. Bishop our gardens, and a few more may be found in botanical gardens." Museum Press, Honolulu, HI 205 2009. Chong, K.Y./Tan, H.T.W./Corlett, R.T.. A [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Checklist of the Total Vascular Plant Flora of range? Singapore] "Mandevilla sanderi (Hemsl.) Woodson; Apocynaceae; Singapore: Native, Naturalized and Cultivated cultivated only" Species. Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore 205 2012. The Charles Darwin Foundation. [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Galapagos Species Checklist - Mandevilla range? Galapagos] "Taxon introduced for agricultural or domestic use; not sanderi. naturalized." http://checklists.datazone.darwinfoundation.org/va scular-plants/magnoliophyta/mandevilla-sanderi- hemsl-woodson/ 301 2007. Randall, R.P.. Global Compendium of [Naturalized beyond native range? Listed as naturalised in the Galapagos, but the Weeds - Mandevilla sanderi. Galapagos Checklist contradicts this assertion] http://www.hear.org/gcw/species/mandevilla_sand eri/ 301 2011. Guézou, A. et al.. CDF Checklist of [Naturalized beyond native range? Not in Galapagos] "Origin: Introduced, Galapagos Introduced Plants. In: Bungartz, F. et Cultivated" al. (eds.). CDF Galapagos Species Checklist. Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos http://www.darwinfoundation.org/datazone/checkli sts/ecological-group 301 2012. The Charles Darwin Foundation. [Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence] "Taxon introduced for Galapagos Species Checklist - Mandevilla agricultural or domestic use; not naturalized." [Contradicts Randall 2007] sanderi. http://checklists.datazone.darwinfoundation.org/va scular-plants/magnoliophyta/mandevilla-sanderi- hemsl-woodson/ Print Date: 8/6/2012 Mandevilla sanderi (Apocynaceae) Page 3 of 8 301 2012. Wagner, W.L./Herbst, D.R./Khan, N./Flynn, Naturalized beyond native range? No evidence from Hawaiian Islands] T.. Hawaiian Vascular Plant Updates: A Supplement to the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai`i & Hawai`i's Ferns & Fern Allies. http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawai ianflora/supplement.htm 302 2007. Randall, R.P.. Global Compendium of [Garden/amenity/disturbance weed? No evidence] Weeds - Mandevilla sanderi. http://www.hear.org/gcw/species/mandevilla_sand eri/ 302 2012. Wagner, W.L./Herbst, D.R./Khan, N./Flynn, [Garden/amenity/disturbance weed? No evidence] T.. Hawaiian Vascular Plant Updates: A Supplement to the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai`i & Hawai`i's Ferns & Fern Allies. http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawai ianflora/supplement.htm 303 2007. Randall, R.P.. Global Compendium of [Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed? No evidence] Weeds - Mandevilla sanderi. http://www.hear.org/gcw/species/mandevilla_sand eri/ 303 2012. Wagner, W.L./Herbst, D.R./Khan, N./Flynn, [Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed? No evidence] T.. Hawaiian Vascular Plant Updates: A Supplement to the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai`i & Hawai`i's Ferns & Fern Allies. http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawai ianflora/supplement.htm 304 1999. Gilman, E.F.. Mandevilla sanderi ‘Red [Environmental weed? No evidence] "Invasive potential: not known to be invasive" Riding Hood’. Fact Sheet FPS-398. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL http://hort.ifas.ufl.edu/database/documents/pdf/sh rub_fact_sheets/mansana.pdf 304 2007. Randall, R.P.. Global Compendium of [Environmental weed? No evidence] Weeds - Mandevilla sanderi. http://www.hear.org/gcw/species/mandevilla_sand eri/ 305 2007. Randall, R.P.. Global Compendium of [Congeneric weed? M. laxa] Weeds - Mandevilla laxa. http://www.hear.org/gcw/species/mandevilla_laxa/ 305 2010. Australian Association of Bush [Congeneric weed? Yes] M. laxa listed as a weed, but with no description of Regenerators. Bushland Weeds of the Blue impacts Mountains Region. http://www.aabr.org.au/index.php?option=com_co ntent&view=article&id=53:bushland-weeds-of-the- blue-mountains-region&catid=92:weed- lists&Itemid=75 305 2012.