PR E EFAC . S A N S K RIT LIT E RAT RE i i r The m U s chiefly nve se . poe s and la s the hi t ri and l nd tr ati onlaw divinit p y , s o es ege s, e ses , y, a tr nm mathematicks and ind d narl all lit ratur s o o y, , ee e y e e ” Th Pr d is a an u iful in inmtr . e d a t a be g e e oso y e sy be , s ys n It is innit l mr rich and m Sir WilliamJo es . fi e y o e ore ” ari d rv the l arnd Che than that of r k v e , obse es e e zy, G ee ; ” ll l f u f uantit Th n l and has no sy ab es o do bt ul q y. e ve erab e l r k E a n 62 ak of the aid it afford i Co eb oo e ( ss ys . ) spe s s nde ciphering passages rendered obscure by the inaccuracy of the transcripts : he notices that the artifice of its constructionis culiar and not d v id of in nuit and it is rich r h pe , e o ge y ; e t an that of an oth r lan ua e Yet man who ha y e g g . y ve attempted the tud inIndia uid d b a Pandit comlainth t s y , g e y , p a the art is intricat d d mst of the a irant ha e. Inee o sp s ve beendis heartened (as I was at first) ; for the Prosody is overlaid with a fu nof dantic r nmnt arithmtical and u r pro sio pe efi e e s, e s pe ti iou Mo t of the rul in the S an s t s. s es skrit Prosodies are n ui com er not l arnr i t nd to de . e ed g pos s, e e s vi P RE FA C E . In 182 at Madra at the d i of the C ll Board I 7, s, es re o ege , rint d a h rt unt of T lu u and S ankrit Pro od p e s o acco e g s s y. Ten ear aft r wh nI was inLondon the l arnd Prof or y s e , e , e e ess ’ Ro n who had dit d Colebrooke s E a r u t d me to se , e e ss ys, eq es e prepare a statement which he printed inthe Asiatic Journal f r 1 3 Thi fell int the hand of a oun rman t o 8 7. s o s y g Ge a Konigsberg who had beenreading S anskrit for two years : and n him In1855 Prof or Wil oni tr u hi e couraged . ess s n od ced m to me in London: he was Prof or Theodor Goldstiicker ess , whose skill in S anskrit lore has inlate years been acknow n r hman inB n al B nar n l d ed b l ar d a a d Lahor . e g y e e b s e g , e es, e He called uponme to prepare aneasier and more complete t Acc rdinl h volume for the use of studens . o g y I ave written the rul a ain addr in the x lanation to the innr es g , ess g e p s beg e who now canlearnmore intendays thana pandit could have u ht himint n ar ta g e ye s . Professor Francis Johnson has with his usual kindness h superintended the printing of t ese pages . Numerical Symbols are much used inS anskrit books on Pr od as w ll as r ardin chronol . Of the I hav os y, e eg g ogy se e subjoined an ex planation: with some suggestions for a in Enli h Memoria Technica g s . C . P B. 22 Kmma n(h umans L O ND O N , , , 1 . Ap ril, 869 A S NSKRIT PROSODY EXPLAINED. I ARKS NTRODUCTORY REM . ' The v w l a i u ri ln are sh rt : as in atlsa a o e s , , , , , o vfimq y n milita hi The r t are l . fnfsra fii ud mk i a. , g y , r p es o g S h rt or r v is call d la - hu or hraswa manin o b e e e as g m , e g ' ’ ’ ’ ‘li h n ‘ r dir ha ‘l t . L n is call d uru h av o . g o g e gt g e y, gfi g o g ’ A r v c m uru if f ll wed b two c n nant as ‘ b e e be o es g o o y o so s, a a ti or k h w l i nd Lri do va ra. But t e v e a W s , was o s B n lenth nthe r n w Thu s ik it ot ec di el i . g e p e g vo . s an r A r v is marked with anu ri ht lin thu a tri rach b e e p g e s ; b , which we write uuu is marked The long mark is u hich we use for a r I e a a ari th ch r w b eve . n D v ng e a acter re ml the P r ian hama s in B nali is imilar t se b es e s z ( ) , e g s o h num r for six inthat al ha et t e be p b . But the lanua is r nunced as it is writt n and th g ge p o o e , e quantity of each syllable is evident to the eye : the marks for h r f r d mu long and breve are t e e o e sel o sed. The l tt r Y is alwa a c n nant and r uir a v w l e e a ys o so , eq es o e , - h kar- am in m: dait a writ , fi f , sa a. 2 y , y fl yog m yy Wh nthe c n nant M is nal as in Nal m e o so a fi , W W ii ff li n Nal i abravit it d not su er e i . a. v. , oes s o ( I ’ m S A N S K E IT P RO SO D Y . Pr d is call d : chhandah that is fanc will oso y e w , , y, , ’ l a ur p e s e . S ankrit Pr d is mea ur d with f t call d a a dent d s oso y s e ee , e g n, o e b l tt r Ma Ya R n a arli r thanthe a etc. x d i d y e e s, , , , fi e ys e e H mric a M r M thr l n s l o e ge. o a denoted a foot of ee o g y ‘ ’ ’ ‘ ’ lables as ma tas or L ni r h s lva . N a is a , jes ongi o a sy s ’ t us Ei ht ribrach of three breves like mulier or avib . g uch f t r i inth T a l To ach I hav s ee a e g ve e m : or b e . e e ' add d a S ankrit and a Latin i st nc havin the am e s n a e, g s e initi l a . TABLE OF FEET. S YLLA LE nx a. S . mm 1mm. B Mantranam M M ' wo t/ mmYa w it YatharthamW 1 A Racshanam f ‘ mm S a b . 5 m V 7 W M “at T a ” flaw t Bhan'uram j gw l g ym la a Latin nc m inta . na es, s es S YLLABLE s m u g. Nm. S . Molossus Ma cenas ’ Bacchius Ymetto Creticus Reddidi S imiles T entare Amphibrachys U Juvabit Dactylus Bucula T ribrachys Nivea 3 P RO SO D IA L FE E T . Inthe thr c lumn hu arran d in anci nt tim the ee o s t s ge e es, first has a long and a breve alternately ; the second has two of ach the third has four e ; . The dact l inthe r s nt a will mark d B. The y , p e e p ges, be e n spo dee will be marked as inLatin. T o aid the mmr a l arnd rmanfri nd has iv nme e o y, e e Ge e g e the following sentence wrench m m: mmfin ‘ “ m m l l fi! The d c itful lf- c ntr llin Ravana t e e , se o o g utt r d his S ll in ha t innin with Pr rv us e e pe s s e, beg g ese e fromd ath [ ] e . A long syllable is called Guru gt and a breve is Q la- ghu and the initials L are th is u d , , G, se ml gagamor i ngi sponde us . hichius la lamor m15 U U pyrr . fl ga lam U trochaaus . t l iamus a ] agam b .