Table of Contents Message from the Steering Committee ........................................................................................................................... 3 Opening Session Welcoming Remarks • Christopher Landsberg – South Africa ......................................................................................................................... 4 • Honorable Premier L.P.H.M. Mtshali – South Africa .................................................................................................... 4 • African National Congress – South Africa .................................................................................................................... 5 Keynote Addresses • Lodi Gyari – Tibet ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 • Zainab Bangura – Sierra Leone .................................................................................................................................... 6 • Ivan Krastev – Bulgaria ................................................................................................................................................ 6 Democracy Courage Tributes ......................................................................................................................................................7 Democracy Fair ................................................................................................................................................................. 9 Plenary Session: Promoting Democracy in Closed Societies ......................................................................................... 10 Workshop Reports Civil Society • Developing Sustainable Civil Society Leadership for Democracy ............................................................................... 11 • Exploring Innovative Uses of Cultural Resources in Promoting Democracy .............................................................. 11 • After the Breakthrough: Avoiding Democratic Backsliding and Stagnation ................................................................ 12 • NGO Coalitions: Strategies to Defend the Independence of NGOs ............................................................................. 13 • The Role of Faith-Based Organizations in Hindering or Helping Transitions to Democracy ....................................... 14 • Democracy in the Muslim World: Obstacles, Difficulties, and Best Methods ............................................................. 15 Conflict Resolution, Transitional Justice, and Reconciliation • Democracy as a Tool for Conflict Resolution ............................................................................................................. 16 • Strategies for Democrats in Situations of Armed Conflict .......................................................................................... 17 • Indigenous Approaches to Conflict Resolution .......................................................................................................... 18 • Conflict Resolution Work: The Democratic Capacity-Building Dividend ..................................................................... 19 • Instruments of Transitional Justice: Truth Commissions, Tribunals, and Multi-Sector Community Approaches ............................................................................................. 20 • The Role of Sites of Conscience Museums in Democracy Promotion and Post-Transition Reconciliation ................ 21 • Transitional Justice and the Matter of the “Disappeared” .......................................................................................... 21 Democracy Education • Teaching Civic Education: What are the Best Approaches In School and Out? .......................................................... 22 • Combating Political Extremism through Civic Education: What Should Be Taught and How to Teach It? ................. 22 • Democracy Education in Difficult Political and Cultural Environments ...................................................................... 23 • Putting Democracy Education on the Global Agenda: Stategies for Working with National, Regional and Multilateral Institutions .......................................................... 24 • Creating a Network for Higher Education’s Role in Democracy Building ................................................................... 26 Building Democracy for Peace, Development, and Human Rights Democratic Governance • Governance, State Capacity, and Democracy in Developing Nations: Establishing Standards and Indentifying Impediments .......................................................................................... 27 • Trade Unions in the Vanguard of Democratic Governance ......................................................................................... 29 • The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Participatory Democracy ................................................................................................ 30 • Strengthening Democracy through Decentralization and Local Empowerment .......................................................... 30 • Building a Global Network on Local Governance ....................................................................................................... 32 Economic Reform • Democracy, Governance, and Markets: Ensuring the Inclusion of the Private Sector and Political Parties in Policy Making .................................................................................................................... 33 • The Role of Business Associations in Democratic Development ............................................................................... 33 Human Rights • Assisting Democracy and Human Rights Activists in Closed Societies ..................................................................... 34 • Addressing the Threats to Democracy and Human Rights Activists in Authoritarian Countries ................................ 35 • Challenges to Political Participation: Linking Human Rights and Democracy ............................................................ 36 WWW.WMD.ORG 1 International Democracy Assistance and Solidarity • The Role of Nongovernmental Communities in Promoting Democracy Across Borders ........................................... 37 • Promoting Democracy Multilaterally: What Can Civil Society Do Through the UN, International Financial Institutions, and the Community of Democracies? ............................................................ 37 • The Nongovernmental Process for the Community of Democracies, Santiago 2005: Promoting Regional Dialogues among Governments and Civil Society ................................................................. 39 • Network of Democracy Assistance Foundations ........................................................................................................ 40 • Luso-Forum for Democracy ....................................................................................................................................... 41 • Youth Movement for Democracy ............................................................................................................................... 42 • International Movement of Parliamentarians for Democracy ..................................................................................... 42 Media and New Technologies • Confronting the Challenges to Press Freedom: What Works? ................................................................................... 43 • Using Traditional, Alternative, and New Technology Media to Promote Democracy .................................................. 44 • Using New Technologies in NGO Networking ............................................................................................................ 44 Political Parties and Finance • Making Effective Transitions to Democratic Representative Parties ........................................................................... 45 • How to Strengthen Internal Party Democracy ............................................................................................................ 46 • Political Parties and Money: Lessons Learned in Compliance ................................................................................... 47 • Political Finance Reporting and Monitoring ............................................................................................................... 48 Research • How Can Civil Society Actors Use Public Opinion Research to Improve and Strengthen Democracy? ..................... 48 • Network of Democracy Research Institutes ............................................................................................................... 49 Transparency and Accountability • Ensuring Vital and Open Legislatures: The Nongovernmental Role ........................................................................... 50 • How Can the Legitimacy and Accountability of NGOs be Ensured without Increasing their Vulnerability? ................ 52 • Accessing Public information: Civil Society Strategies for Ensuring Transparency .................................................... 53 Women’s Rights • Breaking Barriers to Women’s Political Participation: Creating an Action Agenda to Advance Women’s Leadership ................................................................................ 54 • Citizen’s Forums: How Women’s Organizations Work with the Community and Across