NEW MOBILITY & ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARK 2020 EUROPEAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY FEDERATION INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARK 2020 - NEW MOBILITY & ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE BENCHMARK STUDY 2020 GLOBAL SUMMARY PART 1: INTRODUCTION SUMMARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 7 FOREWORD 7 COVID-19 SITUATION 7 MOTIVATION & OBJECTIVES 8 METHODOLOGY 9 RESPONDENTS 12 DEFINITIONS 14 PART 2: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS SUMMARY 1/ CONTINENT FOCUS 19 2/ FACTS & FIGURES 45 3/ COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 49 2 INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARK 2020 - NEW MOBILITY & ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE PART 3: COUNTRY PROFILES SUMMARY CHINA 66 JAPAN 75 REPUBLIC OF KOREA 82 AUSTRIA 89 BELGIUM 96 EUROPEAN UNION 102 FINLAND 108 FRANCE 114 GERMANY 123 NORWAY 130 PORTUGAL 138 SPAIN 143 SWEDEN 150 THE NETHERLANDS 156 UNITED KINGDOM 162 ARGENTINA 170 CHILE 176 MEXICO 182 CANADA 188 UNITED STATES 196 INSIGHT: SOUTH AFRICA 206 PART 4: APPENDIX SUMMARY REFERENCES 213 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 225 APPENDIX 231 3 INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARK 2020 - NEW MOBILITY & ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE PART 1 INTRODUCTION SUMMARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 7 FOREWORD 7 COVID-19 SITUATION 7 MOTIVATION & OBJECTIVES 8 METHODOLOGY 9 RESPONDENTS 12 DEFINITIONS 14 5 INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARK 2020 - NEW MOBILITY & ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Roads are no exception to this trend. They should now be capable of allowing several forms of mobility (soft and active mobility, electric, thermal The transport sector today is undergoing profound and also autonomous mobility) to coexist. This is changes, particularly in the area of mobility. The particularly true in urban areas. Accessibility of 1 world’s population continues to grow , as does its mobility is an issue that runs parallel to the many urban share. 75% of Europeans now live in urban innovations in cities, when a large part of the 2 areas . This situation implies a concentration of population has little or no alternative to the private the movement of goods and people and poses car, and can only rely on the road infrastructure challenges to the transport sector, particularly to ensure their journeys and social contacts. the road infrastructure sector. Road transport The other challenge of mobility is therefore its accounts for more than three-quarters of inland inclusiveness for the whole population, whether passenger transport and more than 70% of inland urban, peri-urban or rural. goods transport in Europe. A state of the art has been drawn up within this The transport sector must now give priority in publication at the global level on the evolution of meeting the objectives to fight against climate mobility and the national or regional strategies change, given that the sector accounts for a proposed. Trends have been observed and a large proportion of greenhouse gas emissions, comparative analysis has been made in order a proportion which is itself largely attributable to determine what role road infrastructure and to road transport. Limiting temperature rises in its equipment’s will play with regards to these accordance with the Paris Agreement remains increasingly rapid changes. Roads remain a central essential and is based on the rapid and downward element of mobility and it is essential that they be trend in greenhouse gas emissions. integrated into its evolution. In order to fight mainly against congestion This study is also an opportunity to suggest problems in many urban centres around the world, orientations and a framework of action to the road new actors have emerged and are experimenting infrastructure stakeholders in order to meet the with innovative tools and systems. These concern challenges that the road infrastructure sector will traffic management, interaction and connectivity face in the coming years. between the different actors on the road, and they are in full expansion. The objective is to make road traffic more fluid and to combat the various forms of pollution generated: air pollution in the first place, but also noise and visual pollution. These new tools are also seen as an additional guarantee in terms of road safety, which remains a priority. In this context, automation and vehicle connectivity in the broadest sense are also being developed. As a result, mobility has been undergoing major changes for several years: development of less polluting vehicles, alternatives to the individual vehicle in urban areas (self-service bicycles, free- floating machines, car-sharing), integration of different modes of transport via digital technologies such as Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS). The trend is towards shared, inclusive mobility that is less and less centered around the individual car. The notion of “mobility” includes a service dimension that is more important than that of “transport”, which merely refers to the means or the capacity to travel. 6 1 / United Nations Population Fund: World population trends. Accessed April 24, 2020. 2 / The World Bank Group: Urban population (% of total population). World Bank Data. Accessed April 24, 2020. INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARK 2020 - NEW MOBILITY & ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS A steering committee representing these organisations was created, whose members are: This benchmark study has benefited from the valuable contribution of many organisations: François CHAIGNON, President of the Section Business France, the International Department des Fabricants d’Emulsions Routières de Bitume of the French Ministry of Transport, the World (SFERB) at Routes de France and Member of the Road Association (PIARC), IFSTTAR, which has Executive Committee (ERF) since become the Gustave Eiffel University, Jean-Baptiste DE PREMARE, General Delegate and the support of many correspondents within (Routes of France) the embassy networks, France Stratégie, and Nicolas GAUBERT, Deputy Director for European representatives of international road and road Affairs (FNTP) and rapporteur of the Infrastructure equipment companies. It has relied on the Working Group (FIEC) contributions of these actors, which have made Simon GIANORDOLI, Project Manager (Routes de this report possible. France/ERF) Christine LEROY, Director of Technical Affairs We would like to thank them warmly. (Routes de France) Christophe NICODÈME, General Director (ERF) We also welcome the interest shown by the ITF Jean-Claude ROFFÉ, ERF Ambassador (ERF) and the French PIARC Committee by providing us Amélie SCHÄFER, Policy Officer for European and with their feedback and recommendations. International Affairs (FNTP/CICA) This report was produced jointly by this FOREWORD committee, under the chairmanship of Jean- Baptiste de Prémare. The members carried out In February 2019, Routes de France signed the continuous quality control of the report by means new Strategic Sector Contract (CSF) “Industries of counterchecks. for Construction” which was signed between the French Government and representatives of the road and construction sectors within the framework COVID-19 SITUATION of the National Council of Industry, on the topic “Designing roads to meet the multifunctionality of The information and analyses contained in uses and services”. the document consider information compiled between March 2019 and March 2020. They do not take into account developments related to The CSF includes a benchmarking section whose the global SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic objective is to understand the evolution of declared on 11 March 2020 by the World Health mobility uses and their consequences on the road Organisation (WHO). infrastructure and its equipment, by reporting on the state of the art, given experiments and pilots at the European and international level. This benchmark will be pursued in a second phase until spring 2021. It will be more focused on European countries and will consider the In this context, Routes de France, the European developments induced by the SaRS-Cov-2 Union Road Federation (ERF) and the crisis on mobility and road infrastructure. French Federation for Public Works (FNTP), in collaboration with the Confederation of International Contractors’ Associations (CICA) and the European Construction Industry Federation (FIEC) launched an international benchmark in March 2019. 7 INTERNATIONAL BENCHMARK 2020 - NEW MOBILITY & ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE MOTIVATION & OBJECTIVES As a result, the traditional role of roads will certainly be subject to major changes. Changing expectations and needs in terms of mobility will This international benchmark presents an overview increase the demands on road infrastructure and of the progress and integration of new mobility lead to a transfer of new competences to road in the countries and regions which were studied, authorities, as well as the development of new looking for potential impacts on road infrastructure partnerships with the private sector. and its equipment. The relation between new mobility and road infrastructure is at the heart of this study. It aims to identify trends among the Infrastructure managers will no longer be road infrastructure stakeholders and provide food considered only as providers of a transport mode, for thought on the current and future role of road but also as providers and managers of mobility. infrastructure in the development and evolution of new mobility. In this study, new mobility is Regarding the function of the road infrastructure, referring to autonomous and connected mobility, it will evolve from a patrimonial approach to a decarbonised mobility and urban mobility. service based approach. Managers will have to be able to meet the technical and energy needs of Three main objectives