Narrative Theory, Literature, and New Media Narrative Minds and Virtual Worlds Edited by Mari Hatavara, Matti Hyvarinen, Maria Makela, and Frans Mayra Routledge !i Taylor & Francis Croup NEW YORK AND LONDON Contents List of Figures and Tables Introduction: Minds in Action, Interpretive Traditions in Interaction MARI HATAVARA, MATTI HYVARINEN, MARIA MAKELA, AND FRANS MAYRA SECTION I 1 Texts, Worlds, Stories: Narrative Worlds as Cognitive and Ontological Concept MARIE-LAURE RYAN 2 Storyvvorlds and Paradoxical Narration: Putting Classifications to a Transmedial Test LIVIU LUTAS 3 The Charge against Classical and Post-Classical Narratologies' "Epistemic" Approach to Literary Fiction GREGER ANDERSSON SECTION II 4 How You Emerge from This Game Is up to You: Agency, Positioning, and Narrativity in The Mass Effect Trilogy HANNA-RIIKKA ROINE 5 Playing the Worlds of Prom Week BEN SAMUEL, DYLAN LEDERLE-ENSIGN, MIKE TREANOR, NOAH WARDRIP-FRUIN, JOSH McCOY, AARON REED, AND MICHAEL MATEAS 6 Scripting Beloved Discomfort: Narratives, Fantasies, and Authenticity in Online Sadomasochism 106 J. TUOMAS HARVIAINEN 7 Storyworld in Text-Messages: Sequentiality and Spatialisation 122 AGNIESZKA LYONS SECTION III 8 Defending the Private and the Unnarratable: Doomed Attempts to Read and Write Literary and Cinematic Minds in Marguerite Duras's India Cycle 147 TYTTI RANTANEN 9 Of Minds and Monsters: The Eventfulness of Monstrosity and the Poetics of Immersion in Horror Literature 167 GERO BROMMER 10 Narrative Conventions in Hallucinatory Narratives 187 TOMMI KAKKO 11 Narrative and Minds in the Traditional Ballads of Early Country Music 205 ALAN PALMER SECTION IV 12 Mind Reading, Mind Guessing, or Mental-State Attribution? The Puzzle of John Burnside's A Summer of Drowning 223 MATTI HYVAR1NEN 13 Mind as World in the Reality Game Show Survivor 240 MARIA MAKELA 14 Performing Selves and Audience Design: Interview Narratives on the Internet 256 JARMILA MILDORF 15 Documenting Everyday Life: Mind Representation in the Web Exhibition "A Finnish Winter Day" 278 MARI HATAVARA Afterword: A New Normal? 295 BRIAN McHALE List of Contributors 305 Index 307 List of Figures and Tables FIGURES 1.1 The scope of storyworlds. 14 1.2 Story-prominent vs. world-prominent narratives. 23 1.3 A two-dimensional representation of Figure 1.2. 25 2.1 Noise in Sagan om Karl-Bertil Jonssons julafton. © PennFilm Studio 2014. 38 2.2 Sagan om Karl-Bertil Jonssons julafton. © PennFilm Studio 2014. 38 2.3 Le tableau. © Blue Spirit Animation / Be Films / Blue Spirit Studio / Sinematik / France 3 Cinema / Rezo Productions / RTBF (television beige) / 2011. 43 5.1 Prom Week. 88 5.2 Oswald taunting Doug for one of his past actions, namely walking Jordan home after school. Learning this backstory between Doug and Jordan may help inform the player's future playthroughs of the level. 90 5.3 A player has successfully gotten Oswald closer to achieving his romantic goals by flirting with Nicholas. 96 5.4 Play trace graph showing how often each distinct path through Simon's story was traversed (shown by the number associated with each node, emphasized with color). The large band of nodes seen at the top of the diagram represents approximately one third of the total size of the complete graph. The cutout shows a section of the map in detail including examples of social exchanges (like "pickup line" and "confide in") that appeared in more than one play trace. The majority of play traces are unique. 99 7.1 Event sequence in (1). 126 7.2 Event sequence in (2). 132 7.3 Connectors and counterparts in mental spaces. 134 7.4 Mental spaces in example (2). 136 13.1 Russell Hantz giving a confessional in the twelfth episode of Heroes vs. Villains. 243 13.2 Parvati Shallow giving the immunity idol to Jerri Manthey in the tenth episode of Heroes vs. Villains. 251 13.3 Heroes Rupert Boneham, Amanda Kimmel, Colby Donaldson, and Candice Woodcock expressing their disappointment due to Parvati Shallow's blindside in the tenth episode of Heroes vs. Villains. 252 15.1 Photograph 1. Lahti City Museum, Picture Archive. Foto Tiina Rekola. 282 15.2 Photograph 2. Lahti City Museum, Picture Archive. Foto Tiina Rekola. 283 15.3 Photograph 3. Lahti City Museum, Picture Archive. Foto Tiina Rekola. 283 TABLES 1.1 Evaluating narratives on three criteria. 26 2.1 Devices of paradoxical narration. 37 6.1 Typical, simplified narrative structure of a sadomasochist session. Note that massive variance exists between sessions and individual players, and that individuals' internal narratives may deviate strongly from this template. 117 7.1 Narrative structure in (1). 127 7.2 Narrative structure in (2). 133 14.1 Excerpt 1: Interview with Rudy Autio. 264 14.2 Excerpt 2: Woman Caring for Her Partner. 267 14.3 Excerpt 3: Love Story. 270.