WNPS Native Plant Stewardship Program Rivers & Forests of Whatcom County & the Northern Puget Lowland WHERE TO LEARN MORE 1. Puget Lowland forests Bull, E. L. C.G. Parks, and T.R. Torgersen. 1997. Trees and logs important to wildlife in the interior Columbia River basin. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-391. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Portland, OR. U.S. https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/publications/pnw_gtr391/ Bunnell, F.L. I. Houde, B. Johnston, and E. Wind. 2002. How dead trees sustain live organisms in western forests. Pp. 291-318 in W.F. Laudenslayer Jr., P.J. Shea, B.E. Valentine, C.P. Weatherspoon, T.E. Lisle, and E. Thomas. 2002. Proceedings of the Symposium on the Ecology and Management of Dead Wood in Western Forests Reno, NV. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-181. U.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station, Albany CA. https://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/gtr-181/025_BunnellHoude.pdf Chappell, C.B. 2006. Upland plant associations of the Puget Trough ecoregion, Washington. Natural Heritage Report 2006-01. Washington Department of Natural Resources, Natural Heritage Program, Olympia, WA. http://www1.dnr.wa.gov/nhp/refdesk/communities/ Elman, E., and N. Salisbury. 2009. The State of Seattle’s Conifer Forests. Seattle Urban Nature. 14 pp. http://www.seattle.gov/trees/docs/2009_State_of_Conifers.pdf Franklin, J.F., K. Cromack, Jr., W. Denison, A. McKee, C. Maser, J. Sedell, F. Swanson, and G. Juday. 1981. Ecological characteristics of old-growth Douglas-fir forests. General Technical Report GTR-PNW-118. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR. 48 pp. https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/pubs/pnw_gtr118.pdf McPherson, E.G., and J.R.Simpson. 1999. Carbon Dioxide Reduction through Urban Forestry: Guidelines for Professional and Volunteer Tree Planters. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-171. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Albany, CA. 237 pp. http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/gtr-171/gtr-171.pdf Mapes, L. 2013. Secretive birds at center of ‘big collision’ between habitat, logging. Seattle Times, June 4, 2013. http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/secretive-birds-at-center-of- lsquobig-collisionrsquo-between-habitat-logging/ Maser, C., R.F. Tarrant, J.M. Trappe, and J.F. Franklin (technical editors). 1988. From the Forest to the Sea: A Story of Fallen Trees. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-229. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR. 153 pp. http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/publications/pnw_gtr229/ Ruggiero, L.F., et al. 1991. Wildlife and vegetation of unmanaged Douglas-fir forests. General Technical Report GTR-PNW-285. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR. 512 pp. plus appendices. https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/pubs/gtr285/ Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. 2011. Snags: The Wildlife Tree. 10 pp. http://wdfw.wa.gov/living/snags/ 1 WNPS Native Plant Stewardship Program Rivers & Forests of Whatcom County & the Northern Puget Lowland 2. Puget Sound Lowland & Foothill Riparian Habitats Booth, D.B., and M.J. Fox. 2004. The Role of Large Woody Debris in Lowland Puget Sound Streams and Rivers. Center for Water and Watershed Studies. University of Washington, Seattle, WA. 46 pp. http://www.stillwatersci.com/resources/2004boothetal_PugetLowlandLWD.pdf Klamath Resource Information System. 2011. The Importance of Large Wood in Streams and Problems of Depletion. http://www.krisweb.com/stream/bigwood.htm Knutson, K. L., and V. L. Naef. 1997. Management Recommendations for Washington’s Priority Habitats: Riparian. Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia. 181pp. http://wdfw.wa.gov/publications/00029/wdfw00029.pdf Naiman, R.J., H. Decamps, and M. Pollock. 1993. The role of riparian corridors in maintaining regional biodiversity. Ecological Applications 3: 209-212. http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1941822.pdf?acceptTC=true Opperman, J., A. Merenlender, and D. Lewis. 2006. Maintaining Wood in Streams: A Vital Action for Fish Conservation. University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 8157. 11 pp. http://anrcatalog.ucanr.edu/pdf/8157.pdf Seavy, N.E., T. Gardali, G. H. Golet, F. T. Griggs, C, A. Howell, T. R. Kelsey, S. Small, J. H. Viers, J. F. Weigand. 2009. Why climate change makes riparian restoration more important than ever: Recommendations for Practice and Research. Ecological Restoration 27:330-338. http://er.uwpress.org/cgi/reprint/27/3/330 2 WNPS Native Plant Stewardship Program Rivers & Forests of Whatcom County & the Northern Puget Lowland 3. Wetlands Bigley, R., and S. Hull. 2000. Recognizing Wetlands and Wetland Indicator Plants on Forest Lands in Washington. Washington Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, WA. 154 pp. https://www.dnr.wa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/lm_ess_recognizing_wetlands.pdf Clark, M. 2008. Adaptations of Plants to Anaerobiosis. Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida. https://soils.ifas.ufl.edu/wetlands/teaching/Biogeo-PDF-files/Lecture-6- oxygen%20adaptations%202%20%5BCompatibility%20Mode%5D.pdf Erwin, K.L. 2009. Wetlands and global climate change: the role of wetland restoration in a changing world. Wetlands Ecology and Management 17:71–84. http://www.wetlands.org/Portals/0/specialist%20groups/WRSG/Wetlands%20and%20Global%2 0Climate%20Change.pdf Hoag, J.C., Norman Melvin, and Derek Tilley. 2007. Wetland Plants: Their Function, Adaptation and Relationship to Water Levels. Riparian/Wetland Project Information Series No. 21. USDA - NRCS, Plant Materials Center, Aberdeen, ID. 15 pp. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs143_010758.pdf Kusler, J. 2006. Common questions: Wetlands, climate change, and carbon sequestering. Association of State Wetland Managers, Inc. 29 pp. https://www.aswm.org/pdf_lib/11_carbon_6_26_06.pdf Mapes, L. 2009. Sprawl flattens frogs, other amphibians struggling to survive. Seattle Times, January 21, 2009. http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/sprawl-flattens-frogs-other- amphibians-struggling-to-survive/ Michaud, J.P. 2001. At Home with Wetlands: A Landowner’s Guide. 2nd edition. Publication 90-31. Washington Department of Ecology, Olympia, WA. 74 pp. https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/documents/9031.pdf Society of Wetland Scientists. http://sws.org/. See especially the Education and Outreach page: http://sws.org/Resources/education-and-outreach.html Stevens, M., and R. Vanbianchi. 1993. Restoring Wetlands in Washington. Washington Dept. of Ecology, Publication 93-17. 110 pp. Plus appendices. https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/documents/93017.pdf Stetson, L. 2007. Wetlands and global climate change. Association of State Wetland Managers, Inc. 9 pp. https://www.aswm.org/pdf_lib/wetlands_and_climate_change_consideratons_for_wetland_progr am_managers_0715.pdf 3 WNPS Native Plant Stewardship Program Rivers & Forests of Whatcom County & the Northern Puget Lowland U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2000. Volunteer Wetland Monitoring: An Introduction and Resource Guide. EPA 843-B-00-001. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds, Wetlands Division, Washington, DC. 41 pp. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015- 10/documents/volunteer_wetlands_monitoring_an_introduction_and_resource_guide.pdf Welch, C., and L.V. Mapes. 2008. Saving wetlands: a broken promise. Seattle Times, May 12, 2008. http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/saving-wetlands-a-broken-promise/ 4 WNPS Native Plant Stewardship Program Rivers & Forests of Whatcom County & the Northern Puget Lowland 4. Puget Sound Nearshore Aquarium of the Pacific. No date. Eelgrass, Zostera marina. http://www.aquariumofpacific.org/onlinelearningcenter/species/eelgrass/ Belleveau, L. J., J. Y. Takekawa, I. Woo, K. L. Turner, J. B. Barham, J. E. Takekawa, C. S. Ellings, and G. Chin-Leo. 2015. Vegetation community response to tidal marsh restoration of a large river estuary. Northwest Science. 89: 136-147. https://www.werc.usgs.gov/ProductDetails.aspx?ID=5401 Brennan, J.S. 2007. Marine Riparian Vegetation Communities of Puget Sound. Puget Sound Nearshore Partnership Technical Report 2007-02. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle, WA. 19 pp. http://www.pugetsoundnearshore.org/technical_papers/riparian.pdf Buchanan, J.B. 2006. Nearshore Birds in Puget Sound. Puget Sound Nearshore Partnership Technical Report 2006-05. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle, WA. 17 pp. http://www.pugetsoundnearshore.org/technical_papers/shorebirds.pdf Cereghino, P., J. Toft, C. Simenstad, E. Iverson, S. Campbell, C. Behrens, J. Burke. 2012. Strategies for nearshore protection and restoration in Puget Sound. Puget Sound Nearshore Report No. 2012-01. Published by Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle, WA. http://www.pugetsoundnearshore.org/technical_papers/psnerp_strategies_maps.pdf Chappell, C.B., and D.F. Giglio. 1999. Pacific madrone forests of the Puget Trough, Washington. In A.B. Adams and C.W. Hamilton, eds., The Decline of Pacific Madrone (Arbutus menziesii Pursh.): Current Theory and Research Directions. University of Washington Center for Urban Horticulture, Seattle, WA. Pp 2-11. http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/madrone/ch01_ch.pdf Doughton, S. 2017. A bright spot in Puget Sound: Sealife-nurturing eelgrass beds are holding steady. Bellingham Herald, January 7, 2017. http://www.bellinghamherald.com/news/local/article125093529.html Essington, T., T. Klinger, T. Conway-Cranos, J. Buchanan,