IPP740 REV World Bank-financed Yunnan Highway Assets management Project Public Disclosure Authorized Ethnic Minority Development Plan of the Yunnan Highway Assets Management Project Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Yunnan Provincial Highway Bureau July 2014 Public Disclosure Authorized EMDP of the Yunnan Highway Assets management Project Summary of the EMDP A. Introduction 1. According to the Feasibility Study Report and RF, the Project involves neither land acquisition nor house demolition, and involves temporary land occupation only. This report aims to strengthen the development of ethnic minorities in the project area, and includes mitigation and benefit enhancing measures, and funding sources. The project area involves a number of ethnic minorities, including Yi, Hani and Lisu. B. Socioeconomic profile of ethnic minorities 2. Poverty and income: The Project involves 16 cities/prefectures in Yunnan Province. In 2013, there were 6.61 million poor population in Yunnan Province, which accounting for 17.54% of total population. In 2013, the per capita net income of rural residents in Yunnan Province was 6,141 yuan. 3. Gender Heads of households are usually men, reflecting the superior status of men. Both men and women do farm work, where men usually do more physically demanding farm work, such as fertilization, cultivation, pesticide application, watering, harvesting and transport, while women usually do housework or less physically demanding farm work, such as washing clothes, cooking, taking care of old people and children, feeding livestock, and field management. In Lijiang and Dali, Bai and Naxi women also do physically demanding labor, which is related to ethnic customs. Means of production are usually purchased by men, while daily necessities usually by women. No significant gender difference is shown in outside employment, where men mostly deal with construction, and women mostly with catering and other services. 4. Women’s development: Due to rapid socioeconomic development, women’s status is improving gradually, and they play an increasingly role in politics, education, employment, health, medical care and economic development. C. Resettlement impacts Resettlement impacts are minimized through project design optimization, so that the Project involves temporary land occupation only. Currently, the size and location of temporary land occupation are unknown yet. After the identification of the affected population, they will have priority in temporary employment and skills training according to the EMDP. D. Impacts and benefits for ethnic minorities 5. Project impacts: In addition to temporary land occupation, the Project may also pose some adverse impacts local residents temporarily, and affect their living environment to some extent, including traffic inconvenience, noise and dust, vegetation destruction, surface water pollution, and damages to farmland irrigation facilities during construction. Such impacts can be eliminated or mitigated through appropriate measures. 6. The Project involves cities/prefectures in Yunnan Province, and will benefit all population along the national and provincial highways, including minority population. The EMDP aims to eliminate or mitigate potential negative impacts on the minority population in the project area, and ensure that they benefit from the Project. The Project will help improve traffic and transport conditions, stimulate industrial and economic development, and generate numerous job opportunities directly or indirectly. Minority population will benefit directly from the economic improvement arising from the Project, the measures in the EMDP, and preferential policies and development programs offered by local governments for minority population. These measures and policies will benefit minority households in economic and social development. i EMDP of the Yunnan Highway Assets management Project 7. The survey shows that minority residents support the Project actively, because they have realized its crucial role in improving their livelihoods and traffic conditions. The Project will improve national and provincial highways in Yunnan Province, promote the development of local tourism, industry and agriculture, facilitate the circulation of commodities and farm products, increase purchase prices of farm products, create a smooth flow of information, increase job opportunities, and improve social services, thereby benefiting most minority residents. E. Attitudes and expectations 8. It is learned from FGDs, interviews and social assessment that local minority organizations and residents support the Project in general, and have proposed expectations for the Project, such as utilizing local building materials and means of transport where possible, minimizing negative production and livelihood impacts on nearby minority residents, absorbing local labor especially minority labor, protecting the safety of humans and livestock, and protecting the environment. F. Measures 9. In order to eliminate or mitigate the Project’s negative social and impacts on local minority residents, and enable them to benefit from the Project, mitigation and benefit enhancing measures have been proposed for them. G. Implementation M&E 13. Implementation Monitoring: The PMO, local governments and departments concerned should monitor EMDP implementation regularly. New findings and suggestions should be included in monitoring reports for submission to the Bank. The external M&E agency will conduct follow-up monitoring on EMDP implementation, and give advice accordingly. The external M&E agency should sample affected households, especially minority households, for survey and interview semi-annually. 14. Implementation Evaluation: As required by the Bank, the implementation process and outcome of the EMDP should be evaluated to ensure that it is implemented as planned. Before project implementation, the PMO will appoint an external M&E agency to develop an M&E plan. ii EMDP of the Yunnan Highway Assets Management Project Summary of Project Impacts, Measures and Investment No. Impact/benefit Measure IA Budget Funding source Timeframe Temporary land occupation during Optimizing the design, Owner, design agency, RESETTLEMENT 1 project construction, affecting local protecting rights and interests of 500,000 2014 consulting agency FRAMEWORK residents potential APs Generating noise and dust during Mitigating or eliminating Investment / 2 project construction, affecting some Contractor, local government 2 million 2015-2019 construction impacts construction contract irrigation facilities Damaging grassland and affecting Investment / 3 Environmental protection Contractor, local government 6 million 2015-2019 the environment during construction construction contract Disseminating diseases and giving Protecting public and human Investment / 4 rise to epidemics with the entry of Contractor, local government 1200,000 2015-2019 health construction contract construction staff and dependents Possibly infringing on women’s rights Encouraging women to Owner, contractor, 5 Contractor, local government 100,000 2015-2019 and interests participate in decision-making women’s federation Reducing poor population by 7 Promoting tourism development Local government 5 million Local government 2015-2019 promoting tourism development Inconvenient communication due to 8 Appointing minority officials Contractor 200,000 Contractor 2015-2019 language differences Increasing local finance and local Utilizing local building materials 9 Contractor, local government 30 million Contractor 2015-2019 residents’ income and transport resources 10 Improving local residents’ labor skills Absorbing local labor Contractor, local government 5 million Contractor 2015-2019 Generating job opportunities to Operators, 11 Offering catering services Local government, individuals / 2015-2019 increase income individuals Promoting the employment of Increasing jobs for minority Local government, highway 12 / Individuals 2015-2019 minority residents residents bureau Promoting the development of local 13 Promoting logistics development Local government 10 million Local government 2015-2017 logistics Improving local residents’ labor skills Skills training for population RESETTLEMENT 14 affected by temporary land Local government 400,000 2015-2019 FRAMEWORK occupation Total 60.4 million iii EMDP of the Yunnan Highway Assets Management Project Contents 1 Overview ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background of the Project ..................................................................................... 1 1.2 Components .......................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Integrated Highway Assets Management System............................................... 2 1.2.2 Improving Trunk Highway Maintenance and Emergency Response Systems 2 1.2.3 Institutional Capacity Building............................................................................. 2 1.3 Overview of Resettlement Impacts ........................................................................ 3 1.4 Overview of the EMDP .......................................................................................... 3 2 Natural Overview and Socioeconomic Profile of the Project Area ........................... 5 2.1 Natural Overview ................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1