Appendix B Data Presentation The presentation of data includes 634 tobacco-related citations collected from 566 articles, tran- scripts, and other information published between January 1, 1995 and June 1, 1999. The data are sep- arated into four major sources: columnists, organizations, politicians, and publications. Each of these subject types is then divided by political orientation: “left” and “right.” Columnists Left Alexander Cockburn Alexander Cockburn is a columnist for The Nation and Creators Syndicate. 1. “It’s not news that the Republican Party is a wholly owned subsidiary of the tobacco cartel,” he said in the New Statesman on July 12, 1996.1 2. “[Gore] offered successful amendments to the Waxman bill that kept the words death and ‘addiction’from appearing in any warnings,” said Mr. Cockburn, also in the July 12, 1996, New Statesman.2 3. “Bill Clinton has proclaimed himself the first anti-smoking president of the Republic . But the relationship between Clinton and the tobacco industry is a little more complicated than this simple citation would suggest . Arkansas has never been a big tobacco-growing state, but this didn’t stop Governor Bill from raking in enormous contributions from the tobacco lobby,” he said in a commentary published in the New Statesman on July 26, 1996.3 4. “An Oregon initiative raising cigarette taxes 30 cents per pack to pay for the state’s health plan for the uninsured won easily despite billows of cartel cash,” said Mr. Cockburn in an article in The Nation on Nov. 25, 1996.4 Richard Cohen Richard Cohen is a columnist at the Washington Post. 1. “We all know what addictive is. It means getting up in the middle of the night and searching the house for a ciga- rette. It means scrounging butts, looking through the garbage for the remnant of a cigarette and, as one person described to me, ransacking the house for a match and then sitting on the floor, cigarette pressed up against the radi- ator, sucking in air but not, dammit, smoke. If that is not addiction then what, pray tell, is?” said Mr. Cohen in a Mar. 21, 1996 Washington Post column.5 2. “[R]uin is precisely what they deserve. For many years now, they have lied to their customers—not to mention the government—by saying that cigarettes are not addictive when, as we now know, their own research strongly sug- gested otherwise,” said Mr. Cohen in an April 22, 1997 Washington Post article.6 3. “Where is their remorse? There is none. Instead, this foul business will, after paying a fine and abiding by some rules, be allowed to continue doing what it has always done,” said Mr. Cohen in his column in the Washington Post on June 24, 1997.7 4. “After all, are tobacco farmers so stupid that they did not see the day coming when tobacco would no longer be such a rich cash crop? Had they never heard of the Surgeon General, cancer, heart attacks and other good stuff?” said Mr. Cohen in the Washington Post, April 14, 1998.8 5. “If smoking is addictive, then cigarettes ought to be highly regulated and steeply priced. If it’s not, then raising the price won’t matter much. People can just walk away,” said Mr. Cohen in a Washington Post column on May 21, 1998.9 6. “It was the trial lawyers, spurred on by greed and, no doubt, a throbbing desire to see justice done, who figured out how to take on the cigarette companies, jabbing at them incessantly until, finally, the blows started to have their effect. The trial lawyers ventured where the states would not,” said Mr. Cohen in a June 16, 1998 Washington Post commentary.10 Linda Ellerbee Linda Ellerbee is a television journalist who also writes a column distributed by Hearst/King Features Syndicate. She often cites her experiences as a former smoker in her commentaries. 1. “We know how harmful smoking is—according to the Centers for Disease Control, tobacco addiction kills more than 418,000 Americans each year,” said Ms. Ellerbee in a column published in the Rocky Mountain News on Feb. 4, 1995.11 A similar comment appeared in a column published on June 10, 1995 in the Des Moines Register.12 2. “Both my grown children smoke. Wonder where they learned that?” said Ms. Ellerbee in the Rocky Mountain News column.13 3. “OK, I’m ranting, or so my cousin Bill would say. But I don’t think I’ll stop. Not as long as the tobacco companies run those cute little ads with those cute little camels and whatnot to tell our kids that smoking is cute, too,” wrote Ms. Ellerbee in the Houston Chronicle, July 23, 1995.14 Ellen Goodman Ellen Goodman is a columnist at the Boston Globe. 1. “The real endgame now is to push the companies into a corner from every direction. This means plain packag- ing, a ban on marketing, higher prices, and keeping kids’ hands off the cigarette packages. It also means getting the message across,” said Ms. Goodman in the Boston Globe, March 30, 1997.15 2. “It is startling to see that, while the health spotlight has been on cigarettes, the Havana craze has gone on unabated. It’s been ignored largely because cigarettes are considered worse for your health, more addictive and more adult,” said Ms. Goodman the Houston Chronicle, July 20, 1997.16 3. “Sooner or later, the folks who believed RJR, Philip Morris and the boys when they talked about taxes will remem- ber how they lied about cancer,” said Ms. Goodman in a Houston Chronicle article on June 28, 1998.17 4. “The beauty of this tactic [federal lawsuit] is that the president doesn’t need the approval of Congress to sue. And the industry really can’t risk bringing such a huge case to a jury,” said Ms. Goodman in her Feb. 7, 1999 Boston Globe column.18 5. “[W]e also need to empower the FDA to regulate, to curb even my favorite ads and punish companies if they keep addicting the young,” said Ms. Goodman, also in her Feb. 7, 1999 Boston Globe column.19 Nat Hentoff Nat Hentoff is a columnist at the Village Voice and Washington Post. 1. “We now know that Al Gore, having held the hand of his dying sister, went on to protect our children from the dan- gers of smoking by continuing, for several years, to grow tobacco on his family farm in Tennessee,” said Mr. Hentoff in an Oct. 8, 1996 Village Voice article.20 Bob Herbert Bob Herbert is a New York Times columnist. 1. “When your product kills more than 400,000 of your customers each year (and that’s just in the United States), you have to replace them with somebody. And since there are few people over the age of 21 who are willing to take up smoking, the tobacco companies inevitably set their sights on the young,” said Mr. Herbert in a Jan. 1, 1996, column in the New York Times.21 2. “When you go to work for the tobacco industry, you leave your humanity far behind. Dead customers have to be replaced. So do those who quit the habit after losing various portions of their bodies to the surgeon’s knife or under- going the tortures of radiation or chemotherapy or both,” said Mr. Herbert in a May 5, 1996 Cleveland Plain Dealer column.22 3. “Senator Jesse Helms was upset by Clinton’s action and the tobacco companies were being bombarded with law- suits. That’s good news for the lungs of young people,” said Mr. Herbert in the Charleston Gazette, Aug. 26, 1996.23 4. “For the 11 or 12 airheads who still are not sure that smoking causes lung cancer, we now have a direct scientific link between a toxic chemical in cigarette smoke and the malignant tumors that have causes such agonizing deaths for so many,” said Mr. Herbert in the Sun-Sentinel on Oct. 23, 1996.24 5. “Politicians from both parties continue to take big bucks from—and do big favors for—a sinister and well-organized network that has conspired to distribute a powerfully addictive drug that prematurely ages the human face, is known to contribute to blindness, deafness, impotence and infertility, that delays the healing of wounds and broken bones, that causes strokes, impairs the immune system and in the past 100 years has killed more than 100 million people worldwide,” said Mr. Herbert in an Oct. 26, 1996, article published in the Chattanooga Times.25 6. “The cigarettes are awfully cute. They’re called Jumbos and there is an elephant on the front and back of the box. On the side is a man in the moon blowing smoke rings. And on each individual cigarette, where the brand name usu- ally goes, is a tiny drawing of an elephant. I wondered which demographic group Jumbos were aimed at. Could it possibly be children?” said Mr. Herbert in the Nov. 21, 1996 Chattanooga Times.26 7. “We all know that it’s the intensely addictive quality of nicotine that puts such a stranglehold on smokers. That’s how the money is made,” said Mr. Herbert in the Dallas Morning News on April 23, 1997.27 8. “The tobacco companies kill me. Suddenly they want me to atone for their sins. They are going to stop their lying and stop trying to lure whole new generations of children into the deadly smoking habit. The one little thing they want in return is for the Congress of the United States to pass a law granting them immunity for all their evil deeds—past, present and future.