Strategies for Improving the Effectiveness of Asia-Pacific Forestry Research for Sustainable Development Workshop Report* by Allen L. Lundgren Lawrence S. Hamilton Napoleon T. Vergara August 1986 3apers and discussion group reports presented at a workshop held at the East-West Center, :h 1986, by the East-West Environment and Policy Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. CONTENTS List of Tables and Exhibits iii Foreword v " Acknowledgments vii Executive Summary ix Introduction 1 Objectives and Scope of the Workshop 2 In-Country Forestry Research 2 Current Research 3 Research Priorities 8 Needs of Forestry Research Organizations 8 Region wide Forestry Development Initiatives with Research Implications 9 International Organizations 9 Regional Organizations 13 National Organizations 14 Nongovernmental Organization 16 International Conferences 16 Reflections and Conclusions on Forestry Initiatives and Research Implications 16 Summary of Discussion: Future Directions of Forestry Research 18 Comments by Rapporteurs 18 Some New Emphases in Forestry Research 22 Social Science 22 r Biotechnology 23 Participatory Action Research 24 Improving the Effectiveness of Forestry Research 24 Impediments to Effective Research 24 Comments by Rapporteurs 24 Research Strategy Priorities: Some Personal Views .29 A Word of Caution 30 Activities Highlighted for Immediate Action 31 Establish a Pacific Islands Regional Forestry Information Council 31 Include Pacific Islands in the Tropical Forestry Action Plan 32 Establish an ASEAN Social Forestry Network 32 Implement Southeast Asia Forestry Research Institute Twinning 32 Establish the IUFRO International Council 32 Support lUFRO's Forest Products Research Proposal 32 Increase Client-Oriented Research 32 Collaborate with Other Research Organizations 33 Link Research to Economic Development Programs 33 Develop Guidebook for Obtaining DTAO Assistance 33 Improve Research Management 33 Establish a Regional Professional Forestry Journal 33 Appendix 1: Agenda 35 Appendix 2: List of Participants 39 i Appendix 3: Summary of Project Activities in Forestry Research by Donor and Technical Assistance Organizations, Asia-Pacific Region International Organizations 43 Regional Organizations 45 National Organizations 48 Nongovernmental Organization 54 ii TABLES AND EXHIBITS Tables 1. Suggestions for improving forestry research x 2. Strategies for improving research effectiveness xi 3. Messages to donor and technical assistance organizations 19 4. Messages to forestry research organizations 21 5. Suggested strategies for improving research effectiveness 26 Exhibits 1. Scientist-years in 1985 4 2. Scientist-years in 1984 6 3. Priorities for new or expanded forestry research project areas 8 4. Top priority needs of forestry research organizations 9 5. Regional forestry research initiatives in the Asia-Pacific region discussed at the March 1986 workshop, Honolulu, Hawaii 10 6. Rating of factors that influence research effectiveness 25 iii a • FOREWORD The Environment and Policy Institute (EAPI) nomic, behavioral, and social factors. Three 1985 of the East-West Center is primarily concerned workshops on watershed management held in with improving renewable resource management Honolulu (Hawaii), Kathmandu (Nepal), and in the Asia-Pacific region. Its research and educa• Gympie (Australia) were concerned with develop• tional activities are carried out collaboratively with ing this theme. (The results of these workshops educational, research, and governmental institu• have been published in Integrated Watershed Manage• tions throughout the region. ment Research fir Developing Countries by K.W. Easter Forest land management has been an important and M.M. Hufschmidt, EWEAPI, September part of EAPI's program since 1980. The objective 1985; Strategies, Approaches and Systems in Integrated of sound management is to achieve economic and Witershed Management, FAO Conservation Guide 14, sustainable production of the most appropriate FAO, Rome, 1986; and Water and Soil Conservation products and services from the forest lands of the Guidelines fir Land-Use Planning by A.J. Pearce and region, while minimizing adverse consequences, L.S. Hamilton, EWEAPI, May 1986.) The close on-site and off-site, whether biophysical, economic, link between forestry research and integrated or social. Forestry research plays a key role in watershed management will continue to be empha• achieving sound forest land management. The sized by EAPI. EAPI has been working with forestry research or• It is our hope that the output of this forestry ganizations and forest management agencies in the research workshop, as presented in this report, will region in helping to develop coordinated research be of significant help to those concerned with for• programs directed toward solving important estry research, forest land use, and watershed management problems. management in establishing research priorities, de• EAPI's forestry work has been closely linked veloping new initiatives, improving effectiveness, with institute activities in watershed management. and establishing new directions for research and Recent emphasis has been on integrating the bi• management. ophysical aspects of watershed land use with eco• Maynard M. Hufschmidt Acting Director Environment and Policy Institute East-West Center V a • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The workshop on "Strategies for Improving the and Research Fellow Allen Lundgren. This report Effectiveness of Asia-Pacific Forestry Research for is based on background information provided be• Sustainable Development" was held 17-21 March fore the workshop by participants and other col• 1986 in Honolulu by the East-West Environment leagues in the region, papers presented and and Policy Institute (EWEAPI). The Institute discussion group reports developed at the work• gratefully acknowledges the financial support by shop, and notes made by the coordinators during the Asian Development Bank, Australian Develop• the discussions. The authors appreciate the con• ment Assistance Bureau, UNESCO, and U.S. tribution of participants but accept full responsi• Agency for International Development. The work• bility for any errors or misinterpretations that may shop was coordinated by EAPI Research Asso• exist in the report. ciates Lawrence Hamilton and Napoleon Vergara, vii a • EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Representatives from 21 forestry research or• broaden regional and global frameworks, such ganizations (FROs) in the Asia-Pacific region met as FAO's Tropical Forestry Action Plan in with those from 13 international, regional, and na• order to gain widespread political and con• tional donor and technical assistance organizations stituent support for forestry research (DTAOs) at a workshop held 17-21 March 1986 • Develop a loose-leaf guidebook that summa• at the East-West Center to (1) discuss new forest rizes, in understandable language, the development initiatives and their implications for bureaucratic procedures for gaining assistance forestry research, (2) suggest ways to improve for• from each DTAO and distribute to every FRO estry research effectiveness, (3) identify impedi• • Further develop management seminars for ments to improve research effectiveness, and (4) heads and directors of FROs suggest strategies for overcoming these impedi• • Support IUFRO's proposal for an expanded ments. research program to improve utilization of forest products Activities Highlighted for Action Current Research Several activities were highlighted by consider• able discussion and gained widespread support by A preworkshop mail survey of current forestry the participants. These were: research programs in 23 of the FROs showed (1) 924 scientist-years (SYs) were devoted to forestry • Establish a Pacific Islands Regional Forestry research in 1985 by all respondents, (2) forestry Information Council to obtain and dis• research scientists are unevenly distributed among seminate scientific and technical information the countries with more than half of all the SYs relating to forestry resource development in reported in only 5 of the 23 FROs, and (3) SYs the Pacific Islands and to advise, guide, and of research are focused primarily on traditional help coordinate forestry research in Pacific Is• biological areas of forestry with less than 16 per• land countries cent of the total SYs currently devoted to research • Establish an ASEAN Social Forestry Network on environment/wildlife/recreation, agroforest- to assist in developing research capabilities in ry/social forestry/fuel wood production, econom• social forestry ics/business/other social sciences, and resource • Implement the proposed twinning among inventories/mensuration/remote sensing com• Malaysia and Philippine forestry research in• bined. stitutes to accelerate development of research capabilities Research Priorities • Establish the proposed IUFRO Internation• al Council for Forestry Research and Exten• Before the workshop, 23 FROs were asked to sion so that IUFRO can play an active role review a list of priority areas for forestry research in the Asia-Pacific region developed at the 1982 forestry research directors • Develop closer working relationships among workshop in Hawaii. The five highest priority forestry and nonforcstry research organiza• areas for new or expanded research cited were sil• tions to plan and conduct more collaborative viculture, ecology and silviculture, reforestation research and afforestation, watershed management and • Rectify the omission of the Pacific Island hydrology, and agroforestry/social forestry.
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