Technical Explanation for Timers and Time Switches CSM_Timer_Timeswitch_TG_E_7_3 Introduction Sensors What Is a Timer? A Timer is a control device that outputs a signal at a preset time after an input signal is received. Timer Mechanisms Switches Safety Components Relays Control Components (3) Timing Section Measures the time and outputs a signal to the output section at specified time. (2) Input Section Receives signals from input Input Output Timing Section Section devices and outputs the Section signals to the timing section. (4) Output Section Outputs signals (1) Power Supply Section Power Supply to output devices. Supplies the applied voltage Section to the internal components. Settings and Indications of Timers Operating Modes of Timers Example for the H3CR-A The operating mode selector is in the upper-right corner on the Settings Automation Systems Motion / Drives H3CR-A. (1) (1) Time setting knob (5) (2) Time unit selector (4) (6) (3) Time range selector (4) Operating mode selector The operating mode determines the output method that is (3) (2) used when the set time has reached. The following four basic operating modes are the most Energy Conservation Support / A variety of time ranges can be set with the H3CR-A using Environment Measure Equipment Note the time unit selector and time range selector. commonly used. Indications ON-delay Operation (Mode A) The pointers on the Timer do not move along with time like the hands of a clock do. You cannot see the progression of time. OFF-delay Operation (Mode D) Therefore, two operation indicators are provided on the upper Operation left of the Timer to identify the timer status. Power Supplies / Modes (5) Run/Power Indicator (Green) In Addition Flicker Operation (Mode B) Run indicator: Indicates whether the time is being measured or the time has reached. Power indicator: Indicates whether power is being Interval Operation (Mode E) supplied to the Timer. Fundamentally, the indicators will be lit when the power is being supplied. However, they will flash when the time is Others being measured. (6) Output Indicator (Orange) Used to see the status of the output. Lit when a signal is output. Common 1 Technical Explanation for Timers and Time Switches ON-delay Operation Flicker Operation Sensors Input Input Time counted out t t t t t t t t t After t seconds Output Output Switches Safety Components Relays Control Components With ON-delay operation, the Timer receives an input and With flicker operation, an output repeatedly turns ON and OFF then an output signal is output by switching the Timer contacts at the set time after an input is received. after a set time delay. This name is used because there is a delay between when the Application: Automatic Control of Fountains input signal is received (i.e., turns ON) and when the output signal is output. ON-delay operation is the operating mode most often used for automated machines. The water is Application: Pushbutton Signals repeatedly released and stopped at When the pedestrian intervals of two pushbutton is pressed for a minutes. traffic signal, the signal light changes from red to green after a delay. Interval Operation Input Automation Systems Motion / Drives OFF-delay Operation t Output Input With interval operation, the output turns ON at the same time Time counted out t seconds as the input and the output turns OFF after a set time. Output Application: Amusement Park Rides With OFF-delay operation, the output turns ON at the same time as the input and then the output turns OFF when the Timer contacts switch after the set time has expired. The set Energy Conservation Support / time is calculated from when the input turns OFF. Environment Measure Equipment This name is used because there is a delay between when the input turns OFF and when the output turns OFF. Application: Car Ceiling Lights The ride operates for five minutes When you get in your car, the when 100 yen is ceiling light turns ON when the inserted. Power Supplies / door is opened. The light In Addition remains lit for several seconds after you get into the car and close the door. Others Common 2 Technical Explanation for Timers and Time Switches Timer Starting Methods There are two starting methods for the operating modes. Sensors Example: ON-delay Operation Signal ON-delay operation: Measuring time starts when the input section receives an input while voltage is being applied to the Timer power supply Switches Safety Components Relays Control Components section. Power ON-delay operation: Measuring time starts when voltage is applied to the Timer power supply section. Signal ON-delay Power ON-delay Power Power supply supply Input t t Output Output Differences between Signal ON-delay Operation and Power ON-delay Operation (1) Accuracy* Operation will not be stable unless a brief period elapses after the power supply is turned ON to the timing section of the Timer. Power supply start:Operation is unstable because measuring time starts at the same time that the power supply turns ON. Automation Systems Motion / Drives Therefore, deviation will occur in the operation time immediately after starting the Timer. Signal start: Stable time accuracy is ensured because a voltage is already applied to the Timer before starting the Timer. The accuracy of the signal start is generally considered better. For some models, however, such as the H3CR, there is no change in accuracy. *Accuracy is the correctness of the time. Energy Conservation Support / (2) Terminal Arrangement Environment Measure Equipment Signal start (H3CR-A) Power supply start (H3CR-A8) Reset input Start input Power Supplies / Gate input In Addition Power supply Power supply • Models with a signal start require three external inputs, so they have many terminals. • Models with a power supply start (H3CR-A8) are the H3CR Timers most often used for automated machinery. Others Common 3 Technical Explanation for Timers and Time Switches What Is a Time Switch? Sensors A Time Switch is a control device that turns a load ON and OFF at the set times. Time Switch Mechanisms Switches Safety Components Relays Control Components (3) Timing Section Measures the time and outputs a signal to the output section at specified time. (2) Input Section Receives signals from input Input Output Timing Section Section devices. Section (4) Output Section Outputs signals (1) Power Supply Section Power Supply to output devices. Supplies the applied voltage Section to the internal components. However, most models of Time Switches do not have an input section. If there is an input section, it is not used to output signals to the timing section, rather, it is used to control some of the functions of the Time Switch, such as adjusting the time. Settings and Indications of Time Switches Example for the H5F Automation Systems Motion / Drives Settings Display Present Day Indicator H5F TIME SWITCH SU MO TU WE TH FR SA Operation Day Indicator Lit: Operation day Not lit: Non-operation day A Mode Key Time Adjustment Mode Indicator Flashing: Specified SU MO TU WE TH FR SA operation day OUT POWER Displays the Present Time, Partial Operation on I Timer/Pulse B Hour Key OUT Operation Time, and Time Width Specified Day Indicator TMR/ P MODE h m/ P WD S output Key ON C AM s Minutes/Pulse Time Width Key m Pulse Width Unit Indicator H Output ON/OFF AUTO CLR SELECT d WRITE Output Indicator PM OFF D +1h Write Key Lit when control output is ON. ON P Summer Time Indicator Switch +1h HOLIDAY TEST AM E Day Shift/Program Test Key Power Indicator PW PM P Lit when set to summer G Clear/Summer F Select/Holiday Key Lit when power is supplied time. Time Key to the Time Switch. Energy Conservation Support / Next Operation Environment Measure Equipment Operation Setting Indicators Mode Indicator No. Function Pulse Operation Indicator Lit: Pulse-output operation A Switches between time adjustment mode, the operation setting Not lit: Timer operation modes, and run mode. Run mode: Displays the direction (i.e., ON or OFF) and time B Sets hours or switches between 12-hour (am/pm) and 24-hour of the next output operation. display. Operation time setting mode: Displays the program number for the setting. Power Supplies / C In Addition Sets minutes or a pulse time width. Holiday setting mode: Displays hday (hday) when the Time Switch is in holiday setting mode. D Writes the set data to memory or confirms settings with the program check function. Program check: Displays test (test) during program check. E Moves the cursor to specify a day or starts the program check function. F Specifies or cancels a specified day or switches to holiday setting mode. G Deletes the set data and initializes the day of operation or sets/clears Others summer time. ON: Turns on the output regardless of the setting. AUTO: Turns on/off the output according to the setting. H OFF: Turns off the output regardless of the setting. Override and automatic return operation can be executed by using this key in combination with the Write Key. I Selects timer operation or pulse-output operation. Common 4 Technical Explanation for Timers and Time Switches Operating Modes of Time Switches Sensors The operating mode determines the ON/OFF output method Timer Operation (ON/OFF Operation) that is used for the set times. Timer Operation (ON/OFF Operation) Switches Safety Components Relays Control Components ON time OFF time Pulse-output Operation With timer operation, the Time Switch controls the output according to the set ON and OFF times. Forced ON/OFF Operation Operating Application 1: Warm-up Operation for Packing Machine Modes Program Example Override and Automatic Return Operation Warm-up Start of work.