JWAU700-IND JWAUxxx-Master June 19, 2018 10:1 Printer Name: Trim: 8.5in × 11in INDEX absolute uncertainty 155 aliphatic carboxylic acids 952 aniline 933 absorption spectrum 244 aliphatic hydrocarbons 791 anions 8 acceptor stem 1039 alkali metals 756 anode 710–11 accuracy 148 alkaline 633 anomeric carbon 989 acetal 992 battery 731 anomers 989 acetone, line structures of 375 dry cells 731 antarctic ozone hole 778–9 acetylene 825 alkaline zinc – manganese dioxide dry antibiotics 959 acetylsalicylic acid 886 cell anticodon 1039 achiral 890 simplified diagram of 731 antilogarithm 132 acid 624 alkanes 78, 792 antisense strand 1040 Brønsted–Lowry 623–30 acid-catalysed dehydration 920 antiviral drugs 1038 strength of 659–61 boiling points of 809 aqueous ethanol, hydrogen bonds acid anhydrides 949, 956 conformation of 795 in 594 acid–base indicator 668, 673–4 constitutional isomerism in 82–3 aqueous HCl 411 acid–base properties of amino density 809 aqueous solutions 725–7 acids 1011 isomeric 810 arenes 791, 817 acid–base reactions, in water 632–41 IUPAC names for 82 arithmetic equations 114–18 autoprotolysis of water 633–4 melting points 809 arithmetic operations pH 634–9 nomenclature of 78–85 decimals 111–12 strength of 639–41 physical properties of 809, 813–14 division and fractions 110 acid–base titrations 668–74 alkenes, 791, 817, 832, 841 multiplication 109–10 acid-catalysed acid-catalysed hydration 859 percentages 112–14 dehydration 922 cis–trans isomerism 819–20 aromatic amine 929 hydration 857–8, 860 designating configuration 827 aromatic compounds 867 acid halides 956 enthalpy of hydrogenation 864–5 resonance structures for 871 acidic and basic solutions nomenclature of 822–3 aromatic ring 936 balancing redox equations 702 physical properties of 841 Arrhenius, Svante 624 basic solutions 703–5 reduction 863 aryl group 867 redox reactions 699–700 shapes of 818–20 astride 763 scidic solutions 700–2 alkylamines 931 atmospheric pressure 370 acidity constant 646 alkyl group 79 atom 7, 16 acidophiles 622 alkynes 791, 817, 841 composition of 23 actinoid 29, 275 nomenclature of 822–3 magnetic properties of 285–6 activation energy 769 physical properties of 841 manipulating 13–14 activity series of metals 715, 717 shapes of 818–20 structure of 18–24 actual yield 206 alpha particle 20 atomic mass 24–8 acyclic alkanes 78 amide formation 946 atomic absorption adenosine triphosphate 1030 amides 956–7 spectrophotometry 108 adhesive forces 415 amines 934 atomic mass 24–8 adiabatic process 456 basicity of 938 calculating averages 26–7 air pollution and equilibrium 549–50 classification 930 ranges 25–6 alanine 945 preparation 935 atomic mass unit (u) 24 alcohols 73–74, 913 COPYRIGHTEDreactions of 938 MATERIALatomic number 22 acidity of 917 amino acids atomic orbital electron distributions and basicity of 918 acid-base properties of 1011 energies 260–70 oxidation of primary 924–6 protein-derived 1008–10 atomic orbitals oxidation of secondary 924–6 amino sugars 988 hybridisation of 344–5 preparation of 914–15 ammonia 325–6 atomic properties, periodicity primary 73, 911–12 structural formula 60 of 288–93 reaction with active metals 918–19 amorphous solids 425 atomic radius 288–91 secondary 73, 911–12 amount of substance 186 atomic scale 2 tertiary 73, 911–12 ampere (A) 139 atomic spectra 243–5 aldehydes 75, 915, 983 amphiprotic 625 atomic theory 13–14 aldoses 984 amplitude 233 observation to theory 16–18 aliphatic amine 929 anhydrous 48 atomisation enthalpy 481 1080 INDEX JWAU700-IND JWAUxxx-Master June 19, 2018 10:1 Printer Name: Trim: 8.5in × 11in Aufbau principle 272–6 boundary surface diagram 260 chemical equilibrium 515–16, 530 autoionisation See autoprotolysis drawback of 260–1 chemical formula 43–8 autoprotolysis 633 Box jellyfish sting marks 1027 determination of 193–6 average rate of consumption 751 Boyle’s experiments, schematic chemical kinetics 748–9 Avogadro constant (NA) 186 illustration of 386 chemical reaction 173 Avogadro’s law 387 Boyle’s Law 385–6 chemical species 7 axial–axial (diaxial) interaction 804 BP–LP repulsions 326 definition of 8 axial bonds 802 Brand, Hennig 31 chemical symbol 22 azimuthal quantum number (l) 255–6 bridged halonium ion 862 chemical thermodynamics 453–7 bromine 861–2 chemiluminescence 176 balanced chemical equation 177 Brønsted, Johannes 624 chemistry ball-and-stick models, 59, 418, 792, Brønsted–Lowry of acids and career in 4–6 807 bases 623–30 defined 2 Balmer, Johann 245 buffer solutions 661–7 degree 3–4 base 127, 624 pH calculations in 662–7 everyday life 7 Brønsted–Lowry definition 623–30 burette 668 facets of 5 basic 633 butane 376, 794, 888 nomenclature 67–88 basicity constant 647 line structures of 375 chemistry of vision 821 battery 727–8 structures of 793 chiral 888 lead storage 728 chirality 887, 1008 Bayer Chemicals 886 calcium 582 chlorine 861 -d-glucopyranose 41 calorimeter 463 chlorine pentafluoride, structures 331 benzene capillary action 415 chlorine trifluoride, structures 329 Kekule’s´ model of 868 carbocations 851 chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) 6 resonance model of benzene 869–70 carbohydrates 983 1-chloropropane 853 structure of 867 carbon atom 796 2-chloropropane 853 valence bond model of 868–9 carbon–carbon double bond 818–20, chymotrypsin 904 benzoic acid 419 861, 925 cis alkenes 820 beryllium hydride structure 324 carbon–carbon triple bonds 817 cis isomer of 4-methylpent-2-ene 827 binary acids 659 carbon footprint 6 cis-6-methylhept-3-ene 829 binary compounds carbonyl compounds 915 cis–trans isomerism 806, 820 formulae of 45–6 carbonyl group 948, 983 cis–trans isomers 806, 808, 827–8 naming 69 carboxylic acids 76–7, 916, 948, 952, cis–trans system 827 binary hydrogen compounds 380–1 954, 1001 citronella 841 periodic trends in boiling points carboxylic acids and derivatives closed systems 456 381 951–7 codeine 944 biochemistry 5 catalysis 776 coding strand 1040 Blue Mountains 818 catalysts 547–9, 776 cohesive forces 414 boat conformation 802 negative 776 colligative properties 606 Bohr, Niels 246 positive 776 colligative properties boiling point of pentane 374 catalytic hydrogenation 863 quantifying 608–10 boiling points of alkanes 374, 809 catalytic reduction 863 coloured metal oxides boiling points of halogens 373 catenation 49 CoO (brown) 425 bomb calorimetry 108, 464 cathode 710–11 Cr2O3 (amber) 425 bond-breaking processes 62, 851 cathodic protection 722 NiO (green) 425 bond energy 305 cations 8 combustion 173 bond enthalpy 481 cell potentials 714 combustion of glucose 470 bond-forming processes 851 cell reaction 708 combustion reactions 463 bonding cellular respiration 696 common ion 605 energy 305 cellulose 997 common ion effect 605 ethene 351–3 chair conformation 801, 990 competing reaction 206 ethyne 353–4 change in energy 457 compounds 9 length 305 Charles’ law 386 concentration orbitals 343 chemical and physical change 172–6 of solutions 209–15 bond length 305 chemical enquiry 368–9, 453, 582–3 table 552 bond making 62–3 chemical equation 16, 177–8 units 145 boron trifluoride 324 balancing 180–5 concentration per unit time 752 bottled carbonated beverages fizz 591 guidelines for 180 concentration–time profile 750 boundary 456 states of matter 178–9 condensation 371 INDEX 1081 JWAU700-IND JWAUxxx-Master June 19, 2018 10:1 Printer Name: Trim: 8.5in × 11in condensed phases 10 denaturation process 1026 dry cell batteries 730 configurational isomers 820 denominator 110 dynamic equilibrium 516 conformation 795 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) 1032 conformer 795 base sequence 1036 earth-like planet 368 conjugate acid 629 chirality 1034 eclipsed conformation of ethane 796 conjugate acid–base pairs 626–30 defined 1032 effective nuclear charge (Zeff) 268 conjugate base 629 fingerprint 1042 Einstein, Albert 238 conservation of mass 173, 176 helix 777 electrochemical changes 709 constant pressure calorimetry 468–9 ligase 1037 electrochemical potential 708 constitutional isomers 83, 796, photolyases 777 electrochemistry 709 887 polymerase 1037 electrolysis 454 cooking eggs 772–3 primary structure 1032 defined 724 cool jackets 438 profiling 1042 electrolysis cell 724 copper ions 706 replication 1037 electrolytic cell 724–5 copper wire 749 ribbon model of 1034 electrolytic conduction 711 coral reefs 558 secondary structure 1032 electrolytic contact 711 core electrons 277 stereoview of 62 electromagnetic radiation 233 corrosion 720–2 tertiary structure 1036 electron corrosion of iron 721 UV-light-induced lesions 777 configurations 278–87 coulomb (C) 707 deposition 428 density picture 260 covalent bonds 8, 304 detergents 1004 density plot 260 covalent bonds properties dextrose 41 physical data for 22 bond energy 339–40 d-fructose 986 properties of 251–4 bond length 337–8 diamagnetic 285 electron density model of pentane 809 dipole moments 333–7 diamond 758–9 electronegativity 306–7 critical point 430 diastereomers 890, 902 electronegativity differences 308 critical pressure 430 1,3 diaxial interaction 804 electron–electron repulsion 281–3 critical temperature 430 diketones 77–8 electronic conduction 710 crude petroleum dimensional analysis 144–7 electronic transition 241 formation and extraction of 790 1,2-dimethylcyclopentane 57, 82, 806, electron pump 724 crystal of iodine 584 807 electron transfer reactions 687 C-terminal amino acid 1015 dimethyl oxalate 419 elemental analysis 193 cyclic amides 957 structural formula of 419 elemental silver 749 cycloalkanes 78, 797–8 2,2-dimethylpropane 373 elementary reactions 774 conformations of 800–1 dinitrogen tetraoxide 517 elements 7 guidelines