KEY WORLD FACTS • World population in 2013 7,130 million (3,596 million males and 3,534 million females) • World population under 30 in 2013 3,655 million • World population over 60 in 2013 840 million • World population over 100 in 2013 372,000 • Number of births worldwide every day 372,000 • Number of deaths worldwide every day 159,000 • World economic growth rate in 2012 2·3% (3·8% in 2011) • Number of illiterate adults 775 million • Number of unemployed people 197 million • Average world life expectancy 71·9 years for females; 67·4 years for males • Annual world population increase 77·88 million people • Number of people living outside 214 million, or more than 3% of the country of birth world’s population • Fertility rate 2·4 births per woman • Urban population 52·1% of total population • World trade in 2011 US$36·7 billion • Annual world defence expenditure US$1,738 billion • Number of cigarettes smoked 5,600 billion a year • Number of internet users 2·4 billion • Number of Facebook users 836 million • Number of mobile phone users 6·0 billion • Number of motor vehicles on the road 1 billion • Number of people who cross international borders every day 2 million • Number of people living in extreme poverty 1·5 billion • Number of people living in urban slums 1 billion • Number of undernourished people 870 million • Number of overweight adults 1 billion • Number of obese adults 475 million • Number of people dying of starvation 24,000 every day • Number of people lacking clean water 783 million • Number of people lacking basic sanitation 2·5 billion • Number of people worldwide exposed to indoor air pollution that exceeds WHO guidelines 1 billion • Annual carbon dioxide emissions 34·7 billion tonnes 1513 CHRONOLOGY April 2012–March 2013 Week beginning 1 April 2012 Guinea-Bissau’s interim president Raimundo Pereira was deposed In San Marino, Maurizio Rattini and Italo Righi were sworn in as in a military coup and the presidential run-off was aborted. The captains regent. following week, Manuel Serifo Nhamadjo was named transitional president but he refused the nomination. Fernando Herrero resigned as Costa Rica’sfinanceminister.Two ū weeks later, Edgar Ayales was appointed to the post. In Lithuania, Art ras Melianas was appointed interior minister. Following the resignation of Pál Schmitt, the president of the Week beginning 15 April 2012 ’ National Assembly, László Kövér, became Hungary sacting In the presidential run-off in Timor Leste, Taur Matan Ruak was president. János Áder was elected president a month later by 262 elected president with 61·2% of the vote against 38·8% for votes to 40. Francisco Guterres. In a cabinet reshuffle in New Zealand, Chris Tremain was In a cabinet reshuffle in the Gambia, Mambury Njie became appointed internal affairs minister. foreign minister, Lamin Kaba Bajo interior minister and Abdou Jules Baillet became finance minister in a cabinet reshuffle in Kolley finance minister. Niger. Jim Yong Kim was named president of the World Bank, to take In Senegal, Macky Sall was sworn in as president. Abdoul Mbaye office on 1 July. was appointed prime minister and the new government included Augustin Matata Ponyo was appointed prime minister of the Alioune Badara Cissé as foreign minister, Augustin Tine as Democratic Republic of the Congo. His government was named defence minister, Mbaye Ndiaye as interior minister and Amadou ten days later and included Raymond Tshibanda as foreign Kane as finance minister. minister and Alexandre Lubal Tamu as defence minister. With the resignation of Boris Tadić, speaker of parliament Slavica In Sweden, Karin Enström was appointed defence minister. Đukić Dejanović became Serbia’s acting president. In a cabinet reshuffle in Tonga, Lisiate ‘Aloveita ‘Akolo was In Slovakia, Robert Fico was appointed prime minister. His named finance minister. government included Miroslav Lajčák as foreign minister, Martin Glváč as defence minister, Robert Kaliňák as interior minister and Week beginning 22 April 2012 Peter Kažimír as finance minister. In the first round of French presidential elections, François Following the death of Bingu wa Mutharika, Malaŵi’svice Hollande gained the largest number of votes (28·63% of those president Joyce Banda took over as president. A week later cast) against nine opponents. His nearest rivals were the Khumbo Hastings Kachali was appointed vice president. The new incumbent president Nicolas Sarkozy, who came second with cabinet included Ephraim Mganda Chiume as foreign minister, 27·18% of votes cast, and Marine Le Pen, with 17·90%. Ken Kandodo as defence minister and Uladi Mussa as home In a cabinet reshuffle in Ecuador, Miguel Carvajal was appointed affairs minister. defence minister. ’ Week beginning 8 April 2012 In the Netherlands, prime minister Mark Rutte s cabinet resigned but stayed on as caretaker government until elections in In a cabinet reshuffle in Benin, president Yayi Boni took charge of September. the defence portfolio and Jonas Gbian was appointed finance ’ minister. With the resignation of Awn Khasawneh as Jordan sprime minister, King Abdullah II designated Fayez Tarawneh to form a In Haiti, the Senate endorsed the nomination of Laurent Lamothe government.Inthenewcabinetsworninthefollowingweek, as prime minister by 19 votes to three. Three weeks later, the Tarawneh also assumed the defence portfolio. Ghabib Al Zu’bi Chamber of Deputies also approved Lamothe as prime minister was appointed interior minister and Suleiman Al Hafez finance with 62 votes to three against. minister. In North Korea, Kim Jong-gak was appointed defence minister. In the Czech Republic, prime minister Petr Nečas’ government ’ Kim Jong-un was elected First Secretary of the Workers Party of won a confidence vote in parliament (105–93). Korea and was also named First Chairman of the National ă ’ Defence Commission two days later. In Romania, Mihai-R zvan Ungureanu s government was defeated in a no-confidence vote that was supported by 235 of the 460 In parliamentary elections in South Korea, the Saenuri Party won members of parliament. President Traian Băsescu designated 152 out of 300 seats with 42·8% of votes cast; the Democratic Victor Ponta as prime minister. A week later parliament approved United Party 127 with 36·5%; the Unified Progressive Party 13 Ponta’s government, which included Andrei Marga as foreign with 10·3%; and the Liberty Forward Party 5 with 3·2%. Three minister, Gen. Corneliu Dobriţoiu as defence minister, Ioan Rus seats went to independents. as interior minister and Florin Georgescu as finance minister. Following the coup a month earlier in Mali, Dioncounda Traoré Week beginning 29 April 2012 was sworn in as president. Cheick Modibo Diarra was subsequently appointed acting prime minister. The new In a cabinet reshuffle in Tanzania, Shamsi Vuai Nahodha was government, announced a week later, included Sadio Lamine Sow named defence minister, William Mgimwa finance minister and as foreign minister, Col. Yamoussa Camara as defence minister, Emmanuel John Nchimbi home affairs minister. Col. Moussa Sinko Coulibaly as territorial administration In the second round of parliamentary elections in Iran, with 65 of (interior) minister and Tiéna Coulibaly as finance minister. the 290 seats contested, President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s 1514 CHRONOLOGY 1515 opponents won 41 seats and his supporters 13. 11 seats went to Antonio Suca Intchama as interior minister and Abubacar Demba independents. Dahaba as finance minister. Week beginning 6 May 2012 Week beginning 13 May 2012 In parliamentary elections in Armenia, the Republican Party of In Estonia, Urmas Reinsalu was sworn in as defence minister after Armenia won 69 of 131 seats with 44·1% of votes cast; Prosperous the resignation of Mart Laar. Armenia 36 with 30·2%; Armenian National Congress 7 with Following the resignation of Peru’sinteriorministerDaniel 7·1%; Armenian Revolutionary Federation 6 with 5·7%; and Rule Lozada and defence minister Alberto Otárola, Wilver Calle was of Law 6 with 5·5%. Tigran Sargsyan was reappointed prime named interior minister and José Urquizo defence minister. minister four weeks later. In Grenada, prime minister Tillman Thomas and his government In the presidential run-off in France, François Hollande was elected president with 51·6% of votes cast against 48·4% for defeated a no-confidence motion by 8 votes to 5. Two days later Nicolas Sarkozy. Hollande was sworn in nine days later and foreign minister Karl Hood resigned and the prime minister took named Jean-Marc Ayrault as prime minister. The government, over the portfolio. sworn in the following day, included Laurent Fabius as foreign In Slovakia, prime minister Robert Fico’s government won a minister, Jean-Yves Le Drian as defence minister, Manuel Valls as confidence vote in parliament winning 82 votes. interior minister and Pierre Moscovici as finance minister. In Haiti, Laurent Lamothe’s new cabinet took office. Jean In parliamentary elections in Greece, New Democracy won 108 of Rodolphe Joazile became defence minister and Marie-Carmelle 300 seats with 18·9% of votes cast; Coalition of the Radical Left 52 Jean Marie finance minister. with 16·8%; Pasok (Panhellenic Socialist Movement) 41 with 13·2%; Independent Greeks, 33 with 10·6%; Communist Party 26 Week beginning 20 May 2012 with 8·5%; Golden Dawn 21 with 7·0%; and Democratic Left 19 In presidential elections in the Dominican Republic, Danilo with 6·1%. The leaders of New Democracy, Coalition of the Medina Sánchez of the ruling Dominican Liberation Party won Radical Left and Pasok were each unable to agree on terms for 51·2% of the votes and Hipólito Mejía of the Dominican ’ setting up a government. The president s efforts to form a Revolutionary Party 47·0%. national unity government also failed and new elections were ’ scheduled for June. Panagiotis Pikrammenos was sworn in as Taur Matan Ruak was sworn in as Timor-Leste s new president.