Theorizin COMMU CATION Readings Across Traditions Edited by Robert T. Craig University of Colorado at Boulder Heidi L. Muller University ofNorthern Colorado CONTENTS Introduction / Heidi L. Muller and Robert T. Craig ix UNIT I. HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL SOURCES OF COMMUNICATION THEORY 1 Introduction to Unit I I. Metaphors Concerning Speech in Homer / Rob Wiseman 7 2. The Spiritualist Tradition / John Durham Peters 19 3. The Invention of Communication / Armand Mattelart 29 4. A Cultural Approach to Communication / James W Carey 37 Projects for Theorizing the Historical and Cultural Sources of Communication Theory 51 UNIT II. METATHEORY 55 Introduction to Unit II 5. Communication Theory as a Field / Robert T. Craig 63 Projects for Metatheorizing 99 UNIT III. THE RHETORICAL TRADITION 103 Introduction to Unit III 6. Gorgias / Plato 107 7. Rhetoric / Aristotle 121 8. A Rhetoric of Motives / Kenneth Burke 131 9. Beyond Persuasion: A Proposal for an Invitational Rhetoric / Sonja K. Foss and Cindy L. Griffin 143 Projects for Rhetorical Theorizing 159 UNIT IV. THE SEMIOTIC TRADITION 163 Introduction to Unit IV 10. The Abuse of Words / John Locke 169 11. What Is a Sign? / Charles Sanders Peirce 177 12. The Object of Linguistics / Ferdinand de Saussure 183 13. The Photographic Message / Roland Barthes 191 14. Communication With Aliens / John Durham Peters 201 Projects for Semiotic Theorizing 213 UNIT V. THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL TRADITION 217 Introduction to Unit V 15. The Problem of Experiencing Someone Else / Edmund Husserl 223 16. Dialogue / Martin Buber 225 17. The Hermeneutical Experience / Hans-Georg Gadamer 239 18. Deconstructing Communication / Briankle G. Chang 251 Projects for Phenomenological Theorizing 257 UNIT VI. THE CYBERNETIC TRADITION 261 Introduction to Unit VI 19. Cybernetics in History / Norbert Wiener 267 20. Some Tentative Axioms of Communication Paul Watzlawick, Janet Helmick Beavin, and Don D. Jackson / 275 21. The Limited Capacity Model of Mediated Message Processing / Annie Lang 289 22. What Is Communication? / Niklas Luhmann 301 Projects for Cybernetic Theorizing 309 UNIT VII. THE SOCIOPSYCHOLOGICAL TRADITION 313 Introduction to Unit VII 23. Social Communication / Carl Hovland 319 24. Some Explorations in Initial Interaction and Beyond: Toward a Developmental Theory of Interpersonal Communication / Charles R. Berger and Richard J. Calabrese 325 25. Social Cognitive Theory of Mass Communication / Albert Bandura 339 26. The Small Group Should Be the Fundamental Unit of Communication Research / Marshall Scott Poole 357 Projects for Sociopsychological Theorizing 361 UNIT VIII. THE SOCIOCULTURAL TRADITION 365 Introduction to Unit VIII 27. The Social Foundations and Functions of Thought and Communication / George Herbert Mead 371 28. The Mode of Information and Postmodernity / Mark Poster 377 29. Communication as the Modality of Structuration / James R. Taylor, Carole Groleau. Lorna Heaton, and Elizabeth Van Every 391 30. Good to Talk? / Deborah Cameron 405 Projects for Sociocultural Theorizing 421 UNIT IX. THE CRITICAL TRADITION 425 Introduction to Unit IX 31. The German Ideology / Karl Marx and Frederick Engels 433 32. The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception / Max Horkheimer and Theodor W Adorno 437 33. Truth and Society: The Discursive Redemption of Factual Claims to Validity / Jiirgen Habermas 447 34. Systematically Distorted Communication and Discursive Closure / Stanley A. Deetz 457 35. Paris Is Always More Than Paris / Sue Curry Jansen 473 Projects for Critical Theorizing 491 Concluding Reflections 495 Robert T. Craig and Heidi L. Muller Author Index 503 Subject Index 511 About the Editors 525 .