^ ^ -WcyCfenden cCel,etsc. JjoncCon /g4$ PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. From November 21, 1872, to November 27, 1873. VOL. XXL LONDON: PE IN TED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. MDCCCLXXIII. .^2 n S cV t " C ■ «?w; •" '{/■■- -> £ 1 '"* ' ■fl i ! J CONTENTS. VOL. XXI. No. 139.—November 21, 1872. Page Further Experiments on the more important Physiological Changes induced in the Human Economy by change of Climate. By Alexander Rattray, M.D. (Edin.), Surgeon R.N., H.M.S. 1 Britannia ’ ....................................... 2 On the Mechanical Conditions of the Respiratory Movements in Man. By Arthur Ransome, M.D....................................................................................... 11 On Linear Differential Equations.—No. VI. By W. H. L. Russell, F.R.S. 14 On Linear Differential Equations.—No. VII. By W. H. L. Russell, F.R.S. 20 November 30, 1872. Anniversary Meeting: Report of A uditors........................................................................................ 21 List of Fellows deceased, &c. since last Anniversary............................... 22 --------------------elected .......................................... 22 Address of the President ........................................................................... 23 Presentation of the Medals ....................................................................... 30 Election of Council and Officers ............................................................... 32 Financial Statement ........................................................................... 33 & 34 Account of the appropriation of the sum of £1000 annually voted by Par­ liament to the Royal Society (the Government Grant), to be employed in aiding the advancement of Science ........................................................... 35 Account of Sum granted from the Donation Fund in 1872 ...................... ... 36 List of Presents ................................................................................................... 36 Report of the Kew Committee........................................................................... 42 No. 140.—December 5, 1872. Synthesis of Aromatic Monamines by Intramolecular Atomic Interchange. By A. W. Hofmann, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S................................................... 47 IV Page Transformation of Aniline into Toluidine. By A. W. Hofmann, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S............ ...................................................................................... Colouring-matters derived from Aromatic Azodiamines. By A. W. Hofmann, LL.D., F.R.S., and A. Geyger, Ph.D.................................................... - • • • 5b New Method for producing Amides and Nitriles. By E. A. Letts, Berlin University Laboratory .................................................................................. bl Investigation of the Attraction of a Galvanic Coil on a small Magnetic Mass. By James Stuart, M.A., Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge.............. 66 December 12, 1872. A Contribution to the Knowledge of Haemoglobin. By E. Ray Lankester, M.A. Oxon., Fellow of Exeter College, and Radcliffe Travelling Fellow of the University. (Plate I.) ....................................................................... 70 On the Structural Composition of Urinary Calculi. By H. Vandyke Carter, M.D. Lond........................................................................................... 81 Researches in Spectrum-Analysis in connexion with the Spectrum of the Sun.—No. I. By J. Norman Lockyer, F.R.S............................................. 83 December 19, 1872. Magnetical Observations in the Britannia and Conway Tubular Iron Bridges. By Sir George Biddell Airy, K.C.B., P.R.S., Astronomer Royal 85 On the Organization of the Fossil Plants of the Coal-measures.—Part IV. Dictyoxylon, Lyyinodendron, and Heterangium. By W. C. Williamson, F.R.S., Professor of Natural History in Owens College, Manchester .... 86 Observations on the Temperature of the Arctic Sea in the neighbourhood of Spitzbergen. By John C. Wells, Capt. R.N............................................... 91 List of P resents....................... ....................... ................................................. 98 No. 141.—January 9, 1873. On a new Method of viewing the Chromosphere. By J. Norman Lockyer, F.R.S., and G. M. Seabroke..................f .............................................. 105 ^MLA* yj-6p)ar^S on ®ense °f Sight in Birds. By Robert James Lee, Union of Ammonia Nitrate with Ammonia. By Edward Divers, m.d .......,, ......................................... ..................... r,........................ : 109 January 16, 1873. A new Formula for a Microscope Object-glass. By F. H. W enham .......... I l l N°MAn F TS ' 0ne°US Extension of Jacobi’s Theorem. By Isaac Todhunter, V Page Additional Note to the Paper u On a supposed Alteration in the Amount of Astronomical Aberration of Light produced by the Passage of the Light through a considerable thickness of Refracting Medium.” By the Pre­ sident ...................................................................... .......................................... 121 Account of a Meteor that fell on the u Seven Stones” Light-ship, in a Letter from the Secretary to the Corporation of the Trinity House, addressed to the President ..................................................................................................... 122 January 23, 1873. Contributions to the History of the Orcins.—No. III. Amido-derivatives of Orcin. By John Stenhouse, LL.D., F.R.S., &c........................................... 122 Note on the Wide-slit Method of viewing _the Solar Prominences. By William Huggins, D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S..................................................... 127 ■ • On the Fossil Mammals of Australia.—Part VIII. Family Macropodidje: Genera Macropus, Osphranter,Phascolayus, and By Professor Owen, F.R.S. &c......................................................................... 128 January 30, 1873. Note on the Origin of Bacteria, and on their Relation to the Process of Putrefaction. By H. Charlton Bastian, M.D., F.R.S................................. 129 On Just Intonation in Music; with a description of a new Instrument for the easy control of all Systems of Tuning other than the ordinary equal Temperament of Twelve Divisions in the Octave. By R. H. M. Bosan- quet, Fellow of St. John’s College, Oxford................................................... 131 On the Composition and Origin of the Waters of a Salt Spring in Huel Seton Mine, with a Chemical and Microscopical examination of certain Rocks in its vicinity. By J. Arthur Phillips, Mem.Inst.C.E....................132 List of Presents......................................................... .......................................... 134 On Some Properties of Anhydrous Liquefied Ammonia. By G. Gore, F.R.S. 140 No. 142.—February 6, 1873. On the Osteology of the Uyopotamidce. By Dr. W. Kowalevsky ............... 147 Magnetic Survey of Belgium in 1871. By the Rev. S. J. Pei’ry .............. 165 February 13, 1873. On Curvature and Orthogonal Surfaces. By A. Cayley, F.R.S., Sadlerian Professor of Mathematics in the University of Cambridge ...................... 166 On a new Relation between Heat and Electricity. By Frederick Guthrie, F.R.S.................................................................................................................. 168 February 20, 1873. On the Anatomy and Histology of the Land-Planarians of Ceylon, with some Account of their Habits, and a Description of two new Species, and with Notes on the Anatomv of some European Aquatic Species. By H. N. Moseley, M.A., Exeter College, Oxford................................................. 169 On a new Locality of Amblygonite, and on Montebrasite, a new Hydrated Aluminium and Lithium Phosphate. By A. O. Des Cloizeaux.......... 171 vi February 27,1873. Page On Leaf-Arrangement. By Hubert Airy, M.A., M.D............................... 176 List of Presents ........................................................................... ..................... 180 On tbe Combined Action of Heat and Pressure upon the Paraffins. By T. E. Thorpe and John Young, of the Andersonian University, Glasgow .. 184 No. 143.— March6, 1873. List of Candidates for Election into the Society .......................................... 202 On the Vapour-density of Potassium.—Preliminary Notice. By James Dewar and William Dittmar.......................................................................... 203 On New Sources of Ethyl- and Methyl-Aniline. By John Spiller, F.C.S. 204 On a new Genus of Amphipod Crustaceans. By Rudolph von Willemoes- Suhm, Ph.D., Naturalist to the ‘Challenger ’ Exploring-Expedition.... 206 March 13, 1873. Note on Supersaturated Saline Solutions. By Charles Tomlinson, F .R .S .. 208 Visible Direction: being an Elementary Contribution to the Study of Monocular and Binocular Vision. By James Jago, M.D. Oxon., A.B. Cantab., F.R.S................... .............................................................................. 213 March 20, 1873. On the Distribution of the Invertebrata in relation to the Theory of Evolu­ tion. By John D. Macdonald, M.D., F.R.S., Staff Surgeon R.N., Assis­ tant Professor of Naval Hygiene, Netley Medical School.......................... 218 On the Temperature at which Bacteria, Vibriones, and their Supposed Germs are killed when immersed in Fluids or exposed to Heat in a moist state. By H. Charlton Bastian, M.A.,