. FISHERIES AND MARINE SERVICE. • Translation Series No. 4420 Outline 1975- • . Hokkaido National Salmon Hatchery Fishery Agency Original.title: (Unknown) F.rom: (Source-:Unknown) Report 6, p.1-14 (Undated) . - .Translated 1y.the Translation Bureau (MVS/PS) • Multilingual Services Division. .Department of•the'Secretaryof State of Canada_ Department of the.EnvironMent - Fisheries and Marine Service. Pacific Regional Library. • --Vancouver, B.C. 1978 45 pages typescript DE.PARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF:STATE SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT TRANSLATION BUREAU BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS 'MULTILINGUAL SERVICES DIVISION DES SERVICES DiYISION MULTILINGUES - fed`e CLIENTS NO. DEPARTMENT DIVISION/BRANCH CITY • N° pu CLIENT MINISTiRE DIVISION/DIRECTION ' . .• VILLE Ottawa- . - Environment Fisheries/Scientific Info. .. . • . & Publications Br........._. BUREAU NO. LANGUAGE TRANSLATOR (INITIALS) . N° DU BUREAU LANGUE ' TRADUCTEUR (INITIALES) . -. -- • 1\1 a V — . 6 19n• - , mvs I 1486872 — VI Japanese . I-)1 Report no. 6 •,%‘ . • r e.>e Outline 1975 ^ . .:cr• K,4 t _ çs, . •Hokkàido National Salmon Hatchery 0 ç•v••• . \•?..a • • Fisheries Agency • •11. ••■ • .s 0 5-2 0O-1 (3-31 t ‘ 2 - Histor -of'the salmon hatching enterprise in Hokkaidô 1877: On the advice of - an American canning engineer US. Treet*, the Hokkaido Exploitation Agency Carried out-hatching and release with a simple installation in Kairakueh Park in. Sapporo. (The first hatching and release in Japan was › aCcomplished.in the Naka River in Ibaraki Prefecture.in 1876.) 1878: A hatchery was established at the N.anaeExperimental . Station (present Nanae-machi, Kameda,-gun)...to,industrialize the . .hatching. ... 1888: The prefectural government Of Hokkaido-set up.the Central Hatchery in Ohitose-muta (present -Ohitoseshi)- after the model of American hatcheries. - The -government encouraged 'local fisheries associations of each water-system in Hokkaido to establish and /manage hatcheries convincing them of the • necessity of a hatching enterPrise. As a result, nine _ hatcheries were founded. 1890: During the - following three years, the prefectural governMent • of Hokkaido established hatcherieS in -Nishibetsu (present .•. Nijibetsu), ShibetsU, Rausu and_TOro (KUril'Islands). At:the . : .. same time, the government proMoted the development of private . hatcheries.- OonSequently l. hatcheries were set ,up ;in various . . .places. : , . • . ' -- - • . - : • 1910: The prefectural government, in executing2the•first•term.:_of the : . -Hokkaido Exploitation Plan (15 years), •ransferreà the-. se:: NishibetsuandNenbounder:the Translator's note:- * -probable spellihg only. :)(-)'' probable . reading only.. • • . 3 jurisdiction of the Ministry of Home. Affairs to rùn them at the national eXpense . for the*exploitation of .Hokkaido. .Furthermore, the government set up a subsidiary system to ' encourage the development of private.enterprises. • _ . 1934: The name of the'Hôkkaido Chitose Hatchery was changed to ,the Hokkaido Salmon Hatchery. The head office was put in Chitosaand branches.in Nishibetsu (present Nijibetsu station - Kitami (present. Yubetsu.station),.Etorofu and Kunashiri. Furthermore, 38 private hatcheries became enterprise run') at national expenditure. 1937: 8 private hatcheries in Hokkaido and 5 in the Kuril Islands were put at national expenditure. The total number of hatcheries - - reached 51. 1946: After the loss of Kunashiri and Etorofu e the organiza• ion comprised 1 head office, 5 branches and 42 stations. 1948: The enterprise came under direct management of the central government. 1951: The increase and decrease of salmon resources is very important internationally. Furthermore, salmon fisheries are divided into complicated categories covering a wide range. Hence • the national need of artificial-hatching enterprise, In - - 41. Dscembér, the law related to-the protection of marine resources was enacted. Article 20 of this law stipulates the nationaliza- tion- of artificial hatching and release . of . salmon. Today • the enterprise is carried on based .0./2 amendment., .of the law _related to - the establishment of the _ • Fisheries Agency, the salmon:department was separated.from the Hokkaido Fisheries Hatchery. The Hokkaido National -Salmon Hatchery started and haS continued to operate up to • this day as a goVernment enterprise attached to the Fisheries -Ageney . Contents • Present condition of the enterprise 4* Organization and capacity 7 Salmon fisheriep 11 Results of the.egg taking and release .13 Contents of the enterprise . • 14_ . Outline of the branches • • - .29 'Kinds of fish hatched and reléabed 36 • Future tasks and polid . - _Present condition of the enterprise - . Salmon ascends 216 ivers in Hokkaido. Artificial The hatching and release are carried on in about half of these rivers. In some of the riii"erg e .important measures'are taken›to *protect redds.. The.sàlmon in' • :Hokkaido is maintained and propagated by:these artificially and naturally produced resources. * Translator's note: pagination thè -translated text. e4. 5 • In recent years, however, the pollution of river waters due to the development of mining •and chemical industries, population_. : increase, etc., have made propagation of - the'salmon still more difficult . A similar tendency is observed in the United States of America, Canada, the U.B.S.R. which surround the North Pacific Ocean. In these countries where the . resburces have been so.far maintained through natural spawning, propagation by .artificial hatching has gradually increased. In Hokkaido , . fishing is prohibited in specific zones on the coast of estuaries for the purpoSe of reinforcing these- measUres, Furthermore, the catch of salmoh in river is completely prohibited by the Hokkaido Surface Fisheries RegulatiOn. Due to-these measures . as well aathe improvement of technique, the rate of return is maintained at an average.of 1.30% producinda rising curve. al• •The n.umber of returning salmon by age in the same year _class (Hokkaido) • . Ld !V 5.n re a, 4r .44 VII hil 0 M. e uï.«) hi-_ r 71 Pq -r WV ,M no rti tu. •• • z,rie,faum -e ;5 3 1;i-:çf.; st-:a 1 2 3 • 4 ' 5 . 6(./..) plà1 4,-1.11,.;(%)rrï F (9,) 1950 - 222;422 38.31 764.5! 2,059.6r1 258. 2 • 7.9. ,-3,198.5 1.41. ; 0:34 - 1951 189,157 26.1 1,034.2! 1,453.5 239:6. 13.0 2,765.5 1.46- - • 0:55 - 1952 159,557 35.9' 687 9! 931.9 201.1 1,838.4 1,15 . 0.42 1953 170,606 - 32.0,I 659.8 1,135.0, .. - 161.9.. 1,3, 1,991.0'. 1.17 : 0.39 , .1954 269.338 . 44.81 1,233.9 1,900.4 - 133.9 'OA . 3,313.1„ 1.23 , 0.45 1955 247,922 34..4! 850.9: 1,043.7' - 77.8 2.1. 2,003.9' 0.81 - 0,34. '1956 -'- '140.454 45.1 570.7 992.4 . 286.4 12,1; 1.905.7' 1.36 0.41 _ . 1957 361,608- - 30.7 - 637.5: 1,829.5 554.8 : 15.0' 3,067.5- 0.85 0.i8 1958 417,238 22.1 765.9, 1,279.5 160.0 0.4' 2,227.9 0:51 - 0.18 • 1959 -313.549 58.0 895.4! 1,846.3 379.1 0.1! 3,178.9 1.01 . 0.29. 1960 203.413 17.8 .1,601.8. 1,581.9 1952 0.9' 3,397.6 1.67 0.79 1961 359.489 144.7 1,836.31 3,516.1. 538.9 . 3.7, 6,039.7. 1.68. 1 0.51 .1962 280,743- • -' 14.3 - 996,91 1,505.2 405.5 0.8 2,923.7 1.04 0.36 1963 212,106 41.0 • 1,658.2; 3,103.2 230.0 5,032.4 1.85' 0.61 _ 1964 . 334,463' 98.9 971.8 909.9. .2,056.1: 0.61 0.29 1965 549.278 • 15.8 • 816.8 1:707.7 _ 131.0 • 2,671,3 0.49 . • - .0:15- 1966 .272,636 176.0 2.310.1 . 3,260.8 238.5. 5,985.4 2..20 . 0.85 1967 . 434,729 --1ï830,1 -H5,504.4 -'- 81136 - - 1.89_ -- D.42- 1968 -2e438- 66.0' 1,735.9: 2,660.1: ' 324.9 4,786.9: 2.31 - 0.84 - - 1969 ' 361,571 172.9 3,324.3 - 4,589.6 : 485.4 1970 442,101 69.1 3,153.8! 6,709:0 - • 1971: 575,986 102.3 . 2,437.01 1972 475,805 77.7 1973 - 445,510 I- • - 1 • I . • - (D - Wefflle(%)l 1.59 33.50 56:99, ' _7.841 0.08. • 100.0: . , fed 1 . 30 . 0.44 . (1) year of release . • . - . ' . (2) number -of › fry released (unit l000) . (3) -number of returning fish _by a:ge • in- the same year -class- - I - (uiiil 1000) -- .- -- - T.. .. ,. - - 1 ' 41^ .(4) total -- ( 5) rate of • return o f . parent -fi: Sli•as a . percentage - of the - - number, of. released. fish (%) -- ' - • (6). rte 'of. return of- three.-year-eolds as a--pèrcentage; of _ - the nùmber of releaSed fish •,'(%) _ . • '• . .. (7) average 'age composition '(%) . (8) the mean value • • .92.r.galuge11911 and. capacity P -2- - Head office general affairs' department_ accounting department - planning department Director - Vice-director - %O. :research department • first operation department - second operation department, Branches and stations Kitami branch (25,500) 1..Horonai station - (1,920)- 2. Shakotsu station .(1,000) - , 3. Yubetsu station (6,480) 4. Kitami Station - ( -1,260) - 5. Abashiri station .(4,500) -6. Mokoto station (2-,800) 7. Shari station (5,240) 8. Iwaobetsu station . (2,-300). A. - • 111.- " .Neffinro-branch ,(26,090) Hausu station • (1,920) . 10.:KumbetsuStation (1,920) . Ienant station.', 3,-780 12. Nemuro station. (1,200) 13. Nakashibetsu station (6,720) 14. Kenebetsu station (1,920) 15. Nijibetsu station (7,350) 16. Hamanaka station (1,280) • Tokachi Branch (26,180) •17. Ota ;tation (940) 18. Kushiro station (6,920) 19. Tsurui station (1,600) 20. Makubetsu station (3,120) • 21. Satsunai station (5,740) station • 22.