United States Department of State Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs International Narcotics Control Strategy Report Volume I Drug and Chemical Control March 2021 United States Department of State Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs International Narcotics Control Strategy Report Volume I Drug and Chemical Control March 2021 INCSR 2021 Volume 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents Common Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................................ iii International Agreements ........................................................................................................................................... v Parties to UN Conventions ........................................................................................................................................ vi (with dates ratified/acceded) ..................................................................................................................................... vi Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 1 Overview .................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Legislative Basis for the INCSR ................................................................................................................................ 6 Demand Reduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 Major Illicit Drug Producing, Drug-Transit, Significant Source, Precursor Chemical, and Money Laundering Countries .................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Presidential Determination ....................................................................................................................................... 14 Methodology for U.S. Government Estimates of Illegal Drug Production .............................................................. 20 U.S. Government Assistance .................................................................................................................. 26 U.S. Department of State FY 2020-2021 Budget .................................................................................................... 27 International Training ............................................................................................................................................... 28 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) ............................................................................................................... 30 United States Coast Guard (USCG) ......................................................................................................................... 33 U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) ............................................................................................................ 35 Chemical Controls .................................................................................................................................... 39 Synthetic Drugs ........................................................................................................................................ 77 Country Reports ....................................................................................................................................... 85 Afghanistan .............................................................................................................................................................. 86 Albania ..................................................................................................................................................................... 89 Armenia .................................................................................................................................................................... 90 The Bahamas ............................................................................................................................................................ 91 Belgium .................................................................................................................................................................... 94 BeliZe ........................................................................................................................................................................ 95 Bolivia ...................................................................................................................................................................... 98 BraZil ...................................................................................................................................................................... 102 Burma ..................................................................................................................................................................... 103 Cabo Verde ............................................................................................................................................................. 107 Canada .................................................................................................................................................................... 108 China ...................................................................................................................................................................... 110 Colombia ................................................................................................................................................................ 113 Costa Rica .............................................................................................................................................................. 117 Cuba ....................................................................................................................................................................... 120 Dominican Republic ............................................................................................................................................... 121 Dutch Caribbean ..................................................................................................................................................... 124 Eastern Caribbean .................................................................................................................................................. 127 Ecuador .................................................................................................................................................................. 130 El Salvador ............................................................................................................................................................. 134 Georgia ................................................................................................................................................................... 137 Ghana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 138 Guatemala .............................................................................................................................................................. 141 Guyana ................................................................................................................................................................... 144 Haiti ........................................................................................................................................................................ 147 Honduras ................................................................................................................................................................ 150 India ........................................................................................................................................................................ 153 i INCSR 2021 Volume 1 Table of Contents Indonesia ................................................................................................................................................................ 156 Iran ......................................................................................................................................................................... 159 Jamaica ................................................................................................................................................................... 160 KaZakhstan ............................................................................................................................................................. 163 Kenya ..................................................................................................................................................................... 166 KyrgyZ Republic .................................................................................................................................................... 169 Laos .......................................................................................................................................................................