International Journal of Chemical Studies 2019; 7(5): 1391-1394 P-ISSN: 2349–8528 E-ISSN: 2321–4902 IJCS 2019; 7(5): 1391-1394 Irrigation water quality status in mulberry © 2019 IJCS Received: 07-07-2019 cultivated areas of Erode district, Tamil Nadu Accepted: 09-08-2019 Venu VS Venu VS, Jothimani P and Bhoomiraj K Research Scholars, Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu Abstract Agricultural University, A detailed survey work was carried out in the contamination areas of Erode district, Tamil Nadu, India. A Coimbatore Tamil Nadu, India number of tanneries and textile industries have been established since the past three decades. It is reported that the effluents from these industries are directly discharged onto the surrounding land, Venu VS irrigation fields and surface water bodies. As a result, it deteriorates the quality of irrigation water in the Professor, Department of study area. Eight parameters of physico-chemical analysis have been monitored using standard Sericulture, Forest College and procedures. The results indicated that point source pollutants primarily affected the irrigation water Research Institute, quality of this region recorded pH 6.73 to 6.99, EC 0.38 to 1.38 dsm-1, carbonate 0.28 to 4.38 meq L-1, Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu bicarbonate 2.18 to 9.13 meq L-1, chloride 2.43 to 23.78 meq L-1, potassium 0.27 to 1.44 meq L-1, Agricultural University, calcium 1.09 to 4.35 meq L-1 and magnesium 0.39 to 3.17 meq L-1 respectively. Coimbatore Tamil Nadu, India Keywords: Mulberry, Irrigation water-quality, physicochemical, tanneries and textile Venu VS Professor, Department of Sericulture, Forest College and Introduction Research Institute, Mulberry (Morus indica L.) belongs to the family Moraceae a fast growing, deciduous and Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu perennial plant. It is the sole food plant of the silkworm (Bombyx mori. L) for silk production. Agricultural University, Mulberry cultivation and silk production together comprises sericulture due to an ecofriendly, Coimbatore Tamil Nadu, India agro-based, labour intensive, rural cottage industry providing subsidiary employment and supplementing the income of rural farmers especially the economically weaker section of the society Dandin et al., (2000) [2]. Environmental pollution is one of the most important and vital nuisances of the modern world. Among them, industries are the utmost polluters of the native soil. Textile dyeing industry is one of the fast burgeoning production in India (80%), it consumes substantial volume of water and chemicals (Ahluwalia and Goyal 2007). It categorized by their high load of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids, total dissolved solids (TDS), extreme pH values, and color adding to their odor (Kabra et al., 2013) [7]. However, their excess or insufficiency caused severe damage to the soil, ground water, and food chain production; which ultimately leads to be toxic to human health (Cheraghi et al., [1] 2011) . In addition, cluster of dyeing factories do not have sufficient store for treating the effluents, and hence, it is release into the river without proper treatment thus making the river water unusable (Joo et al., 2007) [6]. As far as western Tamil Nadu is troubled the rivers Amaravathi, Noyal, Cauvery, and Bhavani are polluted by the discharge of effluent water from the nearby industries. Many industries, of late have installed reverse osmosis plants to neutralize and recycle the effluents. In addition, characterization of the effluent is important to resolve its reuse as a safe option due to its high water consumption. The present investigation was aimed to know the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in mulberry and its effect on silkworm. Materials and Methods The study was conducted in Department of Sericulture, Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam Tamil Nadu. A detailed survey work has been carried by collecting the Correspondence irrigation water samples from the polluted and non-polluted areas of Erode district to assess Venu VS Research Scholars, Forest College the physico-chemical status. About 70 irrigation water samples were collected, processed and and Research Institute, analyzed for Physico chemical properties viz., pH, EC, carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride, Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu potassium, calcium and magnesium content by using standard procedures, outlined by Jackson Agricultural University, (1973) [5] respectively. Coimbatore Tamil Nadu, India ~ 1391 ~ International Journal of Chemical Studies http://www.chemijournal.com Results and Discussion chloride, potassium, calcium and magnesium were shown in The characterization of physico-chemical parameters like pH, (Table 1). Electrical Conductivity (EC), carbonate, bicarbonate, Table 1: Characterization of irrigation water samples used for mulberry cultivation in sampling sites of Erode district, Tamil Nadu - - - + ++ ++ EC CO3 HCO3 Cl K Ca Mg Sl. No District Block Name of the village pH (dSm-1) (meq L-1) (meq L-1) (meq L-1) (meq L-1) (meq L-1) (meq L-1) 1 Erode Gobichettipalayam Bommanaikanapalayam 0.78 6.92 1.67 3.36 5.32 0.53 1.93 2.16 2 Thasampalayam 1.16 6.95 3.17 5.67 15.30 0.38 2.53 2.33 3 Kugalur 0.48 6.85 1.98 2.56 2.89 0.47 2.86 2.45 4 Kullampalayam 1.08 6.97 3.09 4.24 11.81 0.56 3.91 2.97 5 Othakuthirai 0.67 6.85 3.18 5.68 16.28 1.02 1.83 2.75 6 Thaneerpanthalpudhur 0.48 6.94 1.52 5.07 14.29 0.44 1.96 2.44 7 Arakankottai 1.23 6.85 2.63 7.51 19.37 1.32 2.62 1.96 8 Vellankovil 1.19 6.82 2.85 5.32 16.20 1.44 4.07 2.11 9 Pichandipalayam 1.32 6.84 1.73 8.16 18.42 0.40 2.17 1.77 10 Polavakalipalayam 0.82 6.77 3.32 5.67 11.89 0.34 2.77 2.22 11 Gobichettipalayam 0.73 6.96 2.54 7.27 10.69 0.87 1.09 1.99 12 Nambiyur Varapalayam 0.91 6.92 2.75 5.34 8.55 0.37 4.31 0.96 13 Kuppipalayam 1.11 6.83 1.71 4.98 9.45 0.82 2.44 2.51 14 Malayapalayam 0.69 6.93 0.38 3.69 8.30 0.32 1.91 0.39 15 Bhavani Appakudal 0.88 6.91 3.12 4.88 10.76 0.97 2.11 0.67 16 Bhavani-1 1.02 6.86 2.76 2.54 3.19 0.28 1.75 2.91 17 Bhavani-2 1.21 6.94 4.16 5.64 14.21 0.74 2.70 0.72 18 Athani 1.25 6.93 4.02 6.67 17.76 0.47 2.97 2.13 19 Dharmapuri-1 1.38 6.78 2.19 4.74 13.98 0.53 3.63 1.99 20 Dharmapuri-2 0.93 6.90 1.93 3.03 6.28 0.95 2.03 2.31 21 Jambai 0.75 6.91 2.08 6.72 17.75 0.39 2.66 1.16 22 Kavundapadi 0.89 6.82 4.23 4.59 21.75 0.29 2.76 2.47 23 Kuttipalayam 0.81 6.89 2.64 4.01 13.68 0.41 2.23 0.47 24 Kuttipalayam-2 0.94 6.91 3.59 5.47 10.25 0.49 2.39 0.71 25 Kuttipalayam-3 1.23 6.92 4.31 8.34 15.32 0.63 4.12 1.88 26 West kuttipalayam 0.80 6.89 1.38 2.75 4.55 0.86 2.96 2.29 27 Odathurai 0.77 6.98 3.36 4.41 8.46 0.50 3.94 2.33 28 Palapalayam 1.18 6.86 2.38 4.76 7.54 0.27 2.40 2.97 29 P.mettupalayam 1.25 6.88 3.05 7.43 12.87 0.43 1.19 0.87 30 J.J Nagar 0.95 6.92 4.08 9.13 23.78 0.62 2.45 0.96 31 Vairamangalam-1 1.03 6.87 1.96 2.56 3.75 0.59 3.12 1.52 32 Vairamangalam-2 1.15 6.79 3.51 7.57 12.65 0.85 2.34 2.05 33 Kalingarayanpalayam 1.05 6.83 0.83 2.67 3.98 0.75 4.35 0.91 34 Antiyur Vempathy 0.89 6.97 0.28 2.18 2.43 0.82 4.12 0.45 35 Unjapalayam 0.75 6.92 1.18 3.31 2.55 0.64 2.86 1.28 36 Osaipatti 0.92 6.91 2.77 4.55 13.35 0.59 3.93 3.17 37 Komputhotam 0.83 6.90 3.01 9.10 20.14 0.52 1.93 3.01 38 Perundurai Palakarai 0.88 6.95 1.84 3.87 5.72 0.45 4.24 2.93 39 Pallapalayam 1.21 6.87 1.95 3.76 7.78 0.88 2.51 1.66 40 Veerachipalayam 0.53 6.84 3.46 4.25 10.35 0.72 2.47 1.25 41 Karattupalayam 0.68 6.90 2.53 5.11 7.63 0.85 3.76 2.08 42 Ponmudi-1 0.74 6.93 1.35 2.89 6.54 0.90 2.87 2.18 43 Ponmudi-2 0.82 6.76 2.50 4.98 11.76 0.38 1.97 0.87 44 Savadipalayam 1.38 6.83 4.28 7.67 18.85 0.89 2.17 0.95 45 Ellapalayam 1.24 6.91 3.98 7.02 12.73 1.03 3.38 2.67 46 Nallampatti 1.05 6.87 3.19 6.87 17.86 0.83 1.84 0.85 47 Thingalur 0.48 6.83 3.75 7.04 14.79 0.67 2.34 2.13 48 Singanallur 0.91 6.92 2.98 3.82 5.86 0.59 3.79 2.24 49 Vellode 0.55 6.97 3.52 5.85 10.92 0.74 3.56 2.68 50 Kanjikovil 1.01 6.96 2.08 3.84 5.96 0.80 2.57 1.97 51 Seenapuram 0.73 6.87 3.70 5.47 12.68 0.68 2.88 2.33 52 Pudupalayam 0.85 6.92 2.36 2.76 4.78 0.52 4.10 3.16 53 Vijayamangalam 0.91 6.89 0.45 2.67 3.76 0.61 2.97 0.96 54 Chinnamalampalayam 1.13 6.96 3.56 5.35 13.81 0.78 2.73 2.54 55 Thoranavavi 0.86 6.79 3.87 6.05 16.93 0.89 3.76 2.87 56 Ramanathapuram 0.71 6.91 0.74 2.79 3.88 0.57 1.94 0.78 57 Erode Chettipalayam 0.95 6.93 2.31 4.62 7.58 0.49 2.42 1.65 58 Sathyamangalam Modhur-1 0.51 6.87 4.38 7.54 17.12 0.55 4.13 3.05 59 Modhur-2 0.63 6.77 1.55 3.26 6.75 0.81 2.19 1.56 60 Sathyamangalam 0.42 6.92 2.46 3.78 6.98 0.72 2.91 1.87 61 Modakurichi Karavalasu 1.38 6.94 2.11 3.32 5.89 0.35 3.56 2.59 ~ 1392 ~ International Journal of Chemical Studies http://www.chemijournal.com 62 Odakattuvalasu 0.66 6.86 3.62 5.78 9.96 0.40 2.65 2.12 63 Kasipalayam 0.99 6.73 2.89 4.08 10.92 0.54 2.93 2.47 64 Velampalayam 0.72 6.84 2.19 3.98 5.38 0.66 3.36 2.61 65 Kagam 0.38 6.75 0.98 2.85 4.78 0.79 1.78 0.87 66 Minnapalayam 1.19 6.99 1.78 3.21 5.21 1.06 2.67 2.34 67 KG.