Technical Publications Niagara Networking & Connectivity Guide Tridium, Inc. 3951 Westerre Parkway • Suite 350 Richmond, Virginia 23233 USA http://www.tridium.com Phone 804.747.4771 • Fax 804.747.5204 Copyright Notice: The software described herein is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with the terms of the agreement. © 2002 Tridium, Inc. All rights reserved. This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form without prior written consent from Tridium, Inc., 3951 Westerre Parkway, Suite 350, Richmond, Virginia 23233. The confidential information contained in this document is provided solely for use by Tridium employees, licensees, and system owners. It is not to be released to, or reproduced for, anyone else; neither is it to be used for reproduction of this control system or any of its components. All rights to revise designs described herein are reserved. While every effort has been made to assure the accuracy of this document, Tridium shall not be held responsible for damages, including consequential damages, arising from the application of the information given herein. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. The release described in this document may be protected by one of more U.S. patents, foreign patents, or pending applications. Trademark Notices: Metasys is a registered trademark, and Companion, Facilitator, and HVAC PRO are trademarks of Johnson Controls Inc. Black Box is a registered trademark of the Black Box Corporation. Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks, and Windows 95, Windows NT, Windows 2000, and Internet Explorer are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Java and other Java-based names are trademarks of Sun Microsystems Inc. and refer to Sun’s family of Java-branded technologies. Communicator and Navigator are registered trademarks of Netscape Communications Corporation. Echelon, LON, LonMark, LonTalk, and LonWorks are registered trademarks of Echelon Corporation. Tridium Niagara, the Niagara Framework, Vykon, WorkPlace Pro, Java Desktop Environment, Web Supervisor, JACE-4, JACE-5, and JACE-NP are trademarks of Tridium Inc. All other product names and services mentioned in this publication that are known to be trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks have been appropriately capitalized and are the properties of their respective owners. Niagara Networking & Connectivity Guide © 2002, Tridium, Inc. All rights reserved. C ONTENTS PREFACE About This Document xi Intended Audience. xi Prerequisite Knowledge. xii Document Summary . xii Formatting Conventions . xii Special Notations. xiii Related Documentation . xiv Sources . xiv CHAPTER 1 Understanding Networking and IP Addressing 1-1 Introduction to Networking . 1-1 What is Networking? . 1-2 The Concept of Networking . 1-2 Types of Networks . 1-3 Server-based Networks. 1-3 Peer-to-peer Networks . 1-3 Specialized Servers. 1-3 Network Design . 1-3 Standard Topologies. 1-3 Hubs . 1-6 Network Cabling . 1-7 Wireless Network Communications. 1-8 Network Interface Card . 1-8 Connectors . 1-9 The OSI Model and the IEEE 802 Standards . 1-9 The OSI Model. 1-9 Layered Architecture . 1-9 The IEEE 802 Standards . 1-10 Drivers. 1-11 Protocols . 1-11 How Protocols Work . 1-12 Niagara Release 2.3 iii Niagara Networking & Connectivity Guide Revised: May 22, 2002 Contents Protocols and the OSI Model . 1-12 Access Methods. 1-13 Contention Methods . 1-13 Token Passing . 1-13 Polling. 1-14 Expanding Networks . 1-14 Repeaters. 1-14 Bridges . 1-15 Routers . 1-15 Brouters. 1-16 Gateways. 1-16 Networking using IP . 1-16 What is IP? . 1-17 The OSI Model and TCP/IP . 1-17 IP Addressing . 1-19 What is an IP Address? . 1-19 IP Classes . 1-19 Network (Subnet) Masks . 1-20 Special IP Addresses. 1-22 IP Address Allocation . 1-23 Private IP Addresses . 1-23 Network Address Translation (NAT) . 1-23 IP Routing and Default Gateway . 1-24 Static and Dynamic IP Addressing . 1-25 Associating IP Addresses with Host Names . 1-26 The HOSTS File . 1-26 DNS. 1-27 WINS . 1-28 DDNS . 1-28 Proxy Servers and Firewalls . 1-28 Proxy Server . 1-28 Firewall . 1-29 About Ports . 1-31 Niagara Considerations . 1-32 Niagara Hosts . 1-32 Available Networking Technologies. 1-33 Communication between Niagara Hosts . 1-35 Niagara Release 2.3 iv Niagara Networking & Connectivity Guide Revised: May 22, 2002 Contents Additional Information . 1-36 CHAPTER 2 Configuration and Troubleshooting Tools 2-1 Niagara Configuration Tools. 2-1 Admin Tool. 2-1 JACE-NP Remote Control Utilities . 2-2 NetMeeting. 2-2 Remote Command Utility . 2-5 Hyperterminal . 2-7 About the VxWorks Target Shell. 2-8 About Serial and Null Modem Cables and Adapters . 2-12 Telnet . 2-14 Enabling Telnet on a JACE-4/5 . 2-14 Connecting with Windows Telnet . 2-15 Using Hyperterminal to Telnet. 2-16 FTP . ..