SOLDIER SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP CAPSTONE REPORT AND ACTION PLAN SUPPORTING THE FUTURE SOLDIER SUPPORTING CANADIAN INDUSTRY SOLDIER SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY ROADMAP CAPSTONE REPORT AND ACTION PLAN Abstract The Soldier Systems Technology Roadmap Capstone Report and Action Plan captures and summarizes the findings of the Development Phase of the Soldier Systems Technology Roadmap (2011–2025) (SSTRM) initiative. The SSTRM is a groundbreaking industry-government collaboration focused on enhancing the operational effectiveness of the future Canadian soldier and the competitiveness of Canadian industry through open innovation. Led by the Department of National Defence (DND)—with participation from Army and Materiel branches and Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC)—and Industry Canada (IC), the initiative enjoys the strong support of the Canadian Association of Defence and Security Industries (CADSI) and of Technopôle Defence and Security (TDS). Applying roadmapping principles and processes to Canadian Forces soldier modernization efforts, the initiative involves industry and academia collaboratively in a comprehensive knowledge-sharing platform to articulate future needs and identify capability gaps, related challenges and potential technology solutions for the Canadian soldier of the future. The report includes an Action Plan that highlights the key R&D priorities identified by the soldier systems community of interest and makes recommendations for next steps in the initiative to encourage industry, academia and government collaboration in bringing innovative solutions forward for use by the future Canadian soldier. ii Capstone Report and Action Plan Table of Contents Abstract ....................................................................................................ii Chapter 5: Power and Energy ................................................ 47 List of Tables ..............................................................................................v 5.1 Introduction .............................................................................47 List of Figures ...........................................................................................vi 5.2 Technical Domain Deficiencies .................................................47 Preface ......................................................................................................1 5.3 Power and Energy Vision 2025..................................................47 Acknowledgements ..................................................................................2 5.4 Overall System Goals (2015–2020, 2020–2025) ......................47 Executive Summary ..................................................................................7 5.5 Technical Domain Specific Drivers ............................................48 What’s Next? ...........................................................................................12 5.6 Theme 1: Power Generation (Fuel Cells and Energy Harvesting) ...........................................48 PART I: OVERVIEW 5.7 Theme 2: Power Sources (Storage) ...........................................49 Chapter 1: Introduction ........................................................ 17 5.8 Theme 3: Power and Data Distribution .....................................51 1.1 About this Report .....................................................................17 5.9 Theme 4: Distributed Power Management ...............................51 1.2 Background ..............................................................................17 Annex A: Power/Energy Deficiencies ......................................................... 52 1.3 Why a Technology Roadmap? ...................................................18 Annex B: Drivers ....................................................................................... 54 1.4 What is Roadmapping? ............................................................18 Annex C: Theme 1: Power Generation 1.5 Aim ..........................................................................................18 (Fuel Cells and Energy Harvesting) .............................................. 54 1.6 Objectives.................................................................................18 Annex D: Theme 2: Power Sources (Storage) ............................................. 58 1.7 Scope .......................................................................................19 Annex E: Theme 3: Power and Data Distribution ....................................... 60 1.8 SSTRM Project Enablers and Governance ..................................20 Annex F: Theme 4: Distributed Power Management .................................. 62 1.9 Transition and Implementation ................................................21 Chapter 6: Weapons Effects (Lethal and Non-Lethal) ............... 65 PART II: SETTING THE STAGE 6.1 Introduction .............................................................................65 6.2 Technical Domain Deficiencies .................................................65 Chapter 2: Worldwide Soldier Systems Modernization Efforts ... 25 6.3 Weapons Effects Vision 2025 ....................................................65 2.1 NATO Soldier System Modernization and Collaboration ............25 6.4 Overall System Goals (2015–2020, 2020–2025) ......................66 2.2 NATO Long-Term Capability Requirements ...............................27 6.5 Technical Domain Specific Drivers ............................................66 2.3 Soldier System Related S&T in NATO .........................................28 6.6 Theme 5: Weapons Platform (Launching System) ....................66 2.4 Foreign Soldier Systems Modernization Efforts ........................29 6.7 Theme 6: Ammunition (Lethal and Non-Lethal) .......................67 2.5 Balancing the Five Soldier System Capabilities— 6.8 Theme 7: Weapon-Mounted Situational Awareness “The Hard Problem” ..................................................................30 and Targeting Suite ..................................................................68 Chapter 3: Canadian Soldier Systems Modernization Efforts .... 31 Annex A: Weapons Effects Deficiencies ...................................................... 69 3.1 Canadian Adaptive Dispersed Operations .................................31 Annex B: Drivers ....................................................................................... 71 3.2 Canadian Soldier System Vision ................................................32 Annex C: Theme 5: Weapons Platform (Launching System) ....................... 72 3.3 Canadian Soldier System Baseline ............................................32 Annex D: Theme 6: Ammunition (Lethal and Non-Lethal) ......................... 80 3.4 Canadian Soldier System S&T Evolution ...................................34 Annex E: Theme 7: Weapon-Mounted Situational 3.5 Canadian Soldier System Technology Domains .........................34 Awareness and Targeting Suite ................................................... 86 3.6 Balancing Canadian Technical Domains— Have Map, Will Travel ................................................................39 PART III: WHAT WE KNOW Chapter 4: Guide to the Technical Domain Chapters ................. 43 4.1 How the Technical Chapters Were Developed ...........................43 4.2 About the Technical Domain Chapters ......................................43 4.3 Understanding the Relationship Between Capability Gaps and Technology Progress ..........................................................44 4.4 About the Technical Domain Chapter Annexes .........................45 4.5 Technical Domains and Their Themes .......................................46 Capstone Report and Action Plan iii Table of Contents (continued) Chapter 7: Command, Control, Communications, Chapter 10: Human and Systems Integration ........................193 Computer and Intelligence (C4I) ............................ 93 10.1 Introduction ...........................................................................193 7.1 Introduction .............................................................................93 10.2 Technical Domain Deficiencies ...............................................193 7.2 Technical Domain Deficiencies .................................................93 10.3 Human and Systems Integration Vision 2025 .........................194 7.3 C4I Vision 2025 .........................................................................94 10.4 Overall System Goals (2015–2020, 2020–2025) ....................194 7.4 Overall System Goals (2015–2020, 2020–2025) ......................94 10.5 Technical Domain Specific Drivers ..........................................194 7.5 Technical Domain Specific Drivers ............................................95 10.6 Theme 18: Physical Integration on the Soldier .......................195 7.6 Theme 8: Command and Control ..............................................95 10.7 Theme 19: Perceptual-Cognitive Integration on the Soldier ...196 7.7 Theme 9: Communications .......................................................97 10.8 Theme 20: System Architecture and Interoperability ..............197 7.8 Theme 10: Computer ................................................................98 Annex A: Human and Systems Integration Deficiencies ........................... 199 7.9 Theme 11: Intelligence .............................................................99 Annex B: Drivers ....................................................................................