•' ,.:; ··.··I.··,,.··-:, .: 12 2; '\ -,•,, "'-.~- Writing and Language Test 35 MINUTES, 44 QUESTIONS Turn to Section 2 of your answer sheet to ~uuwer the questions fn this section. l•l@iiiiUE►i Each passage below is accompanied by a. number of questions. For some questions, you will corlsiderhow the passage might be revised to improve the expression ofideas. For other questions, you will consider how the passage might be edited to correct errors in sentence structure, usage, or punctuation. A pass~ge or a question may be accompanied by one or more graphics (such as a table or graph) that you wilt consider as you make revising and editing decisions, Some questiotiSwill direct you to an underlined portion of a passage, Other questions will direct you to a location in a passage or ask you to think about the passage as a whole. After reading each passage, choose the answer to each question that most effectively improves the quality of writing in the passage or that makes the passage conform to the conventions of standard written English. Many questions Include a "NO CHANGE" option. Choose that optioriif you think the best. choice is to leave the relevant pprtlon of the passage as it is. Questh:ms 1· 11 are based on the following passage. A) NO CHANGE My Kingdom for mtDNA. B) was The University of Leicester, working with the C) are I)) will be Richard III Society and the LeicesterCity Council, undertook an ambitious archaeological project !n August 2012. The group, .in as short a time as A) NOCHANGE seven months, ~ able to announce to the world B B) remarkable, that it haQ done something B remarkable: it had found C) remarkable-because--­ a lost king. D} remark.able; because 10 CONTINUE .·•01,. l •.. -,· .. ·.'..i The group had uncovered the lost grave of King Richiu-d III, the last English king to dieJn battle. He died A) NOCHANGE at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485 at the age of 32, and his B) sometime around 1538, C) sometime---around 1538, grave ''went missing" ■ sometime, around lS3B when D) sometime, around 1538; the church umier which he was buried was destroyed, and with it, aHthe records ofbutial. Some time passed, and the kirtgstayed missing. II The writer wants to begin this paragraph with a When human remains were found under a parking lot in sentence that emphasizes the amount of time the king had been missing. Which choice most Leicester at the site that many historians believed ha<i effectively accomplishes this goal? housed that long-destroyed church. scientists and A) NOCHANGE historians alike paid attention. The evidence pointed to B) For maoy years, historians had thought about the different places the Icing could be buried. the fact that these were the remains of 8 a human. C) Over five hundred yeats after his death, Many thought that i.t was possible that this corpse could historians finally began the physical sean;:h for the long-lost king's burial site, be the one that had been, II wondered about for D) The mystery of the king's burial place had been centuries. Buthtstorians needed help. around for a while. The writer wants to provide additional specific details that show why many thought thatthe remains might be those of Richard III. Gtven how Richard III was described earlier in the passage, which choice best accomplishes this goal? A) NOCHANGE B) a male human being. C) an individual who lived in the 1400s. D) a man who died in his early thirties, likely from battlefield wounds. -~~~liti~7~t~~-~~­ A} NOCHANGE B} wondered over C) guessed on 0) thought on Unauthorized copying or ~use of any part of this ~ge is Illegal. 17 CONTINUE ... 12 Sdentists used a special type of DNA test to explore the possibility that the remains were those of Richard UL At this point, the writer is considering adding the following .sentence. They analyzed mitochondrial.DNA (or mtDNA) 1 which The word "mitochondria" comes from the Greek is the DNA that exists within mitochondria, the words for "thread" and "granule.'' organelles thatconvert chemical energy into a form that Should the writer make this addition here? bodies can use. B Transmitted exclusively from mother A) Yes, because it provides additional detail for the definition of the word «mitochondria." to child, mtbNA is incredibly useful when tracing female B) Yes, because it illustrates the relationship lines of descent. A mother will pass on the tntDNA to all between mitochondria and mtDNA. of her .:hildren, regardless of gender, but the mtDN A will C) No, l',ecause it interrupts the paragraph's explanation of mtDNA with a loosely related only continue to be transmitted B through the detail. generations if female descendants of a family have female P) No, because it repeats information about word origins provided elsewhere in the passage. descendants. Therefore, ifa female line ofdescent remains II not broken, then the mtDNA is passed on . • A) NOCHANGE B) and passed down from generation to generation C) through generations offuture descendants D) in female descendants A) NO CHANGE B) not broken up, C} unbroke, D) unbroken, lJnauttio!'lZed copying or reu:.e of any paft of thl~ page is mega!. 18 CONTINUE 12 Richard m slrnred mtDNA with his sister Anne 1)f IDI Y,irk because thcy had the same mother, Cecily Neville. Which choice best introdures the paragraph? Historians were able to meticulously trace an all-female A) :-,JOCHANGE lineage from Anne or York through more than. fiw B} '111e scientists had to take some ofthe hones to he analyzed, hundred years, ending at a man ilamed )Vlkhad Ibsen, C) An advantnge of mtDNA is that there is a lot of it born in 1957. Ibsen is Ne\'ille's seventeenth grncrati0n within icach cell, S<) $dentists have plenty of matii'rhtl to study. gnmdsoo an<l would haw the samemtDNA as Richard D) Scientists worked with the lower jaw and the Ill and Anne of York femur bone. bringing them to two laboratories that sperialize in the study of ancient DNA. ll!J Scientists needed to find 1ntDNA in order to analyze it: ln each lab, rntDNA samples from the teeth m Which choke must effectively cornbinesthe with Ibsen's mtDNA. mThiL!l!l'.:-terv was solve,l The underlined sentences? A} The mystery was solved, and yet the lost king lost king had been fou1:id. had been found. B) Because the mystery was solved,the lost king had been found, C) the mystery was solyed; the lost king had been found. D) While the mysterywas solved,the lost king had been found. Una.uthorfzed ~->PyinlJ or reuse o! any pan of thi< p~g,;," iil~gaL 19 CONTINUE Questl®S 12-22 are based on the following passage and supplementary material, A) NOCHANGE B) architects are increasingly designing buildings Modeling Sustainability with Living Buildings C) building design is increasing by architects In response to their clients' growing commitment to D) architects' designs are increasing for buildings ·. environmental sustainability. IIJ buildings are increasingly designed by architects that meet the requirements for a variety of green building A) NOCHANGE B) certifications. One of the most 111 exhausting ofthese outrageous C) rigorous certifications is that for the "living building," which D) draining requires meeting the extensive criteria enumerated in the Living Building Challenge. Although its. requirements may be daunting, this challenge is worth embracing for those who seek to set the highest standards for sustainable building. 20 CONTINUE Living buildings have numerous environmental -~;.;;,; ':,.: ' advantages over both. traditional QI buildings, and less A) NO CHANGE stririgently certified green buildings. A living building B) buildings, and, C) buildings and must not. only avoid depleting finite energy and water DJ b1.1ildings; and resources but also provide its own. IIJ In conclusion, to meet the Living Building Challenge's requirements for energy and water usage, the Omega Center for •··A) NO CHANGE Sustainable Living in Rhinebeck, New York, was. designed B) For instance, with a solar power IIJ systemthat generates nearly 2,000 C) By contrast, D) However, kilowatt hours of energy in excess ofwhat the building uses per year. An Eco-Machine filtration system makes ,~~- ;~ ~·. ::- ; groundwater potable. In addition, an underground Ill A) NO CHANGE cistern collects rainwater for use in toilets. These and B) system; whi.ch other features II is resulting in a building that is entirely C) system, that self-sustaining. D) system, it • A) NO CHANGE B) are resulting C) has resulted D) result UMUthorlzed copying or reuS<! of any part of thi;; pago; is illegal. 21 CONTINUE ft ·2'·'."•.·.,t. I:_·.·. ! A Living buildings do have one. Ill drawback. That drawback is a high price tag. However, a 2009 cost Which choice most effectively combines the sentences at the underlined porti<m? analysis of buildings with different green designations A) drawback: reveals .that despite their high initial CO$t, living buildings B) drawback; this is are the most economically advantageous chpice in the C) drawback, which can be summed up as long run, The results of tht: analysis indicate a. payback D) drawback, and that drawback is period, the estimated amount of time it would take to rewup the additional expenses associated with constructing a living building'. II The general rule that Which choice best summadz.es the data in the table? ii• A) NOCHANGE temperate climates lead to longer payback periods than B) Payback periods vary substantially with type of hot and humid climates do does have some exceptions. A building and cH.mate. high-rise mixed-use building in the cool dimate of C) High-rise mixed~use buildingshave longer payback periods than do K-8 schools.