MINISTERIE VAN ONDERWIJS, KUNSTEN EN WETENSCHAPPEN ZOOLOGISCHE MEDEDELINGEN UITGEGEVEN DOOR HET RIJKSMUSEUM VAN NATUURLIJKE HISTORIE TE LEIDEN DEEL XXXVIII, No. 15 18 sept. 1963 CLAUSILIIDAE (GASTROPODA, PULMONATA) COLLECTED BY THE NETHERLANDS BIOLOGICAL EXPEDITION TO TURKEY IN 1959 by F. E. LOOSJES The route of the Netherlands Biological Expedition to Turkey in 1959 is published elsewhere (Hennipman a.o., 1961; Anonymus, 1963). As is mentioned there also, the zoological material collected is preserved in the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie at Leiden. I am greatly indebted to Dr. C. O. van Regteren Altena, curator of that Museum, for placing the Clausiliidae collected by the expedition at my disposal. Moreover my thanks are due to Mrs. W. S. S. van der Feen-van Benthem Jutting, Amsterdam, and Dr. A. Zilch, Frankfurt am Main, for specimens lent for the purpose of comparison. The Clausiliidae were all collected by Mr. W. J. M. Vader, one of the members of the expedition. Only one sample is from Greece (Porto Lagos), the others are from Istanbul, near the Bosporus, and from Asiatic Turkey. All the samples are preserved dry, the soft parts having hardened in the top whorls of the shells by loss of moisture. In the systematic account the arrangement given in the „Handbuch der Palaozoologie" vol. 6 by Wenz-Zilch (1959/60) is followed. Some of the specimens are in the author's collection and in the collection of Mr. W. J. M. Vader. PHAEDUSINAE Tribus Serrulineae Serrulina Mousson, 1873 Serrulina (Serrulina) serrulata (L. Pfeiffer, 1847) Material examined. — Turkey, Vilayet of Trabzon, 3 km S. of Hamsikoy (pi. XX), about 45 km SSW. of the city of Trabson, altitude ca. 1900 m, 244 F. E. LOOSJES in a wet forest with firs and beech trees; a small number of specimens was found on the trunks of living beech trees, the majority, however, were living in a decaying beech trunk, lying on a small mountain pasture, 5-VI-1959 (29 specimens). Length of shells 12.2-15.5 mm, diameter 2.8-3.4 mm; whorls: 10-12. The columellar side of the peristome is folded as usual in the species, but in most specimens the outer peristome is not or only faintly folded. The set thus shows features tending towards the var. semiserrata Lindholm (1913) that was described from Wasrya (Gouvernement of Batum). Distribution. — Type locality "Tauria". The species is known from the coastal areas of the Black Sea, on the east side (O. Boettger, 1879, 1880, 1883, 1889; Von Martens, 1874; Mousson, 1863; Retowski, 1889; Rosen, 1907), on the south side (Gotting, 1961; Retowski, 1889) and on the west side (Hesse, 1913; Jaeckel, 1957; Urbanski, 1960a). Washed ashore on the Crimea peninsula (Retowski, 1883, 1887). The locality given is thus within the known area of distribution. Biotope. — Shady forests. O. Boettger (1880) recorded (according to Leder) that the species lives: "in alten, faulenden, durch und durch nassen und audi bei der grossten Trockenheit doch stets reichlich Wasser haltenden Stammen einer grossblatterigen Acer Art, deren Holz man Stuck fiir Stuck zerfasern muss". Retowski (1889): "in einem faulenden Baumstamme". Urbanski (1960a) : "unter der Rinde alter, faulender Stubben und Baum• stamme, falls diese nicht ganz trocken sind". Gotting (1961) mentioned: "an und unter Baumen". These data are in accordance with the habitat mentioned by Vader. Serrulina (Pravispira) semilamellata (Mousson, 1863) Material examined. — Turkey, Vilayet of Trabzon, 3 km S. of Hamsikoy (pi. XX), about 45 km SSW. of the city of Trabzon, alt. ca. 1900 m, in a wet forest with firs and beech trees; collected together with S. serrulrta Pfeiffer, thus on trunks of living beech trees or in a decaying beech trunk, lying on a small mountain pasture. It is likely that the present two specimens lived in the decaying trunk and not on the living trees as most of the Serrulina material came from the trunk and as the species is especially known from such a biotope. 5-VI-1959 (2 specimens). Length of shells 12.4 and 13.4 mm, diameter 2.9 and 3.1 mm; whorls: 9 and 9. The specimens have no third (middle) plica palatalis and the upper (principalis) and lower plicae are less strong than in typical specimens. Retowski (1889) described this condition for his variety serrulosa from Sephanos near Trebisond (= Trabzon). The small folds along the right CLAUSILIIDAE OF THE TURKEY EXPEDITION 245 side of the peristome, however, are as in typical S. semilamellata and not as numerous as was described for var. serrulosa Retowski. The specimens are large as compared with the original set from Reduktaleh (length 10 mm, diam. 2.4 mm, Mousson, 1863) and with var. serrulosa Retowski (length 9 mm, diam. 2 mm). Specimens from other localities, however, may have larger dimensions (among others Swanetien: length 11J4-14 mm> diam. 2J4-3 mm; O. Boettger, 1883). According to O. Boettger (1880) shape, dimensions and sculpture of the species are very variable. Distribution. — S. semilamellata is only known from the coast of the Black Sea (O. Boettger, 1879, 1880, 1883, 1889; Clessin, 1881; Von Mar• tens, 1876; Mousson, 1863; Retowski, 1883, 1889), from the SE coast (Retowski, 1889) and washed ashore on the Crimea peninsula (Retowski, 1887). The locality Hamsikoy is within the known area of distribution. Biotope. — The biotope is the same as that of S. serrulata. According to O. Boettger (1880) both species were found together in old, wet, decaying tree trunks. Retowski (1889) collected the species in completely decayed wood. Rosen (1907) recorded: "sie lebt sehr vereinzelt und nie in Colonien wie andere Arten, an Bergabhangen im Walde unter faulenden Baum- stammen. Unter einen dicken Baumstumpf fand ich eine Colonie von Clausilia serrulata Midd. in 80 Exemplaren und darunter bloss zwei Exemplare semilamellata. Sie fiihrt wahrscheinlich ein Einsiedlerleben, denn ich konnte nie mehr wie ein oder hochstens zwei Exemplare an einem Ort finden". This is in accordance with the situation at Hamsikoy where 2 specimens of 5*. semilamellata were collected among more than 20 S. serrulata. CLAUSILIINAE Laciniaria Hartmann, 1844 Laciniaria (Denticularia) thessalonica thasia (O. Boettger, 1907 ex recte Urbanski, i960) Material examined. — Greece, Macedonia, road from Komotini to Porto Lagos, under stones in poor grassland, 28-VI-1959 (10 specimens). Length of shells 11.2-12.6 mm, diameter 2.9-3.1 mm; whorls: 11-12. The specimens are short and rather ventricose with somewhat concave lateral outlines, the striae are occasionally whitish only on the upper parts of a whorl. Most of the specimens (7) have only small folds on the peristome, one is also provided with some interlamellar plicae. Plica principalis and lower palatal plica long, visible in the aperture; the middle palatal plica is short in all except two specimens, where it is clearly visible in the aperture. 246 F. E. LOOSJES Distribution. — The polytypic species is known from Central Greece (Euboea), Thessalia, Macedonia and SE. Bulgaria, from the coasts of the Sea of Marmara and from W. Turkey (O. Boettger, 1885; Fuchs & Kaufel, 1936; Urbanski, 1960b). L. thessalonica thasia is known from the island of Thasos (O. Boettger, 1907; Urbanski, 1960b), from the island of Thasopoula (Urbanski, 1960b) and according to Urbanski (1960b) presumably also from eastern Macedonia. Our locality is in accordance with Urbanski's expectations. Biotope. — Under decaying wood (O. Boettger, 1885; Gotting, 1961) under shrubs (Hesse, 1914; Urbanski, 1960b). Vader found the specimens under stones. Euxina O. Boettger, 1877 Euxina (Euxina) circumdata (L. Pfeiffer, 1848) (pi. XVIII figs. 16, 17) Material examined. — Turkey, Istanbul, in a small park near the Aya Sophia, clinging to the bark of the only tree present (it was a very small park indeed!), 21-III-1959 (3 specimens). Length of shells 12.2, 12.7 and 13.4 mm, diameter 3.1, 3.1 and 3.2 mm; whorls: 11. Turkey, Rumeli Hisar, along the Bosporus, along the road under stones, 1-IV-1959 (4 specimens and 3 juv.). Length of shells 12.2-13.2 mm, diameter 2.9-3.1 mm; whorls: Turkey, Rumeli Hisar, along the Bosporus, on a stony grass-slope, under a stone, 25-III-1959 (1 specimen). Length of shell 11.7 mm, diameter 2.9 mm; whorls: 11. The specimens are typical. The var. byzantina Nagele (1910) from the same district is insufficiently characterized. Distribution. — The typical set was collected near Brussa in Natolia; the species occurs in NW. Asia Minor, E. Thracia and Bulgaria (A. J. Wagner, 1920; Urbanski, 1960a; Likharev, 1962), and was found washed ashore on the coast of the Crimea peninsula (Retowski, 1887). The three localities mentioned above are all west of the Bosporus. The species is already known from this area: Constantinople, on walls of the Serail (Mousson, 1863), Bujukdere (Retowski, 1889), Constantinople, garden of the Jezuits (Nagele, 1910). Biotope. — On walls (Mousson, 1863), common in shady woods, under fallen leaves, dead wood, more rarely under stones; sometimes in light oak woods and even in Paliurus shrubs (Urbanski, 1960a). The habitats where Vader collected his specimens were indeed hardly wooded at all. CLAUSILIIDAE OF THE TURKEY EXPEDITION 247 Euxina (Multiplicaria) duboisi (Charpentier, 1852) Material examined. — Turkey, Trabzon, on old city walls in dry places, under ferns, etc., 2-VI-1959 (39 specimens). Length of shells 10.9-13.7 mm, diameter 2.6-3.0 mm; whorls: ioj£-i2j4. The specimens are typical, among 39 shells most have smooth peristomes, only a few have the peristome faintly folded; both forms occur together in the same locality as was already recorded by Retowski (1889). Distribution. — The species was described from "Tauria" (Charpentier, 1852). According to O. Boettger (1879) the species is: "im ganzen Gebiet des Kaukasus verbreitet und entschieden eine der hauf igeren dortigen Clausi- lienformen".