Creating a New Historical Perspective: EU and the Wider World CLIOHWORLD READERS VIII CLIOHWORLD is supported by the European Commission through the Lifelong Learning Programme of its Directorate General for Education and Culture, as an Erasmus Academic Network for History of European Inte- gration and the European Union in a world perspective. It is formed by 60 partner universities from 30 European countries, and a number of Associate Partners including the International Students of History Association. CLIOHWORLD Readers are produced in order to provide and test innovative learning and teaching materials for use in history teaching and learning, in higher education and lifelong learning contexts. The CLIOHWORLD Partnership Karl-Franzens-Universität, Graz (AT) Universitetet i Oslo (NO) Paris-Lodron-Universität, Salzburg (AT) Uniwersytet w Białymstoku (PL) Universiteit Gent (BE) Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków (PL) Nov Balgarski Universitet, Sofia (BG) Universidade de Coimbra (PT) Sofiyski Universitet “Sveti Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia Universidade Aberta (PT) (BG) Universidade Nova de Lisboa (PT) Panepistimio Kyprou, Nicosia (CY) Universitatea Babeş Bolyai din Cluj-Napoca Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Prague (CZ) (RO) Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg (DE) Universitatea “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” Iasi (RO) Ruhr-Universität, Bochum (DE) Universitatea “Ştefan cel Mare” Suceava (RO) Technische Universität Chemnitz (DE) Linköpings Universitet (SE) Roskilde Universitetscenter (DK) Uppsala Universitet (SE) Tartu Ülikool (EE) Univerza v Mariboru, Maribor (SI) Universitat de Barcelona (ES) Univerzita Mateja Bela, Banská Bystrica (SK) Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona (ES) Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana (TR) Universidad de Deusto, Bilbao (ES) Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Trabzon (TR) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (ES) University of Aberdeen (UK) Oulun Yliopisto, Oulu (FI) Queen’s University, Belfast (UK) Turun Yliopisto, Turku (FI) University of Sussex, Brighton (UK) Université Pierre Mendès France, Grenoble II (FR) The University of the West of England, Bristol Université de Toulouse II- Le Mirail (FR) (UK) Ethniko kai Kapodistriako Panepistimio Athinon University of Edinburgh (UK) (GR) University of Strathclyde (UK) Panepistimio Dytikis Makedonias (GR) Swansea University(UK) Aristotelio Panepistimio Thessalonikis (GR) Primrose Publishing (UK) Miskolci Egyetem (HU) Coláiste na hOllscoile Corcaigh, Cork (IE) Ollscoil na hÉireann, Gaillimh-Galway (IE) Associate Partners Háskóli Íslands, Reykjavik (IS) Universität Basel (CH) Università di Bologna (IT) ISHA- International Students of History Associa- Università degli Studi di Milano (IT) tion Università degli Studi di Padova (IT) Universiteti i Tiranes (AL) Università di Pisa (IT) Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci (BA) Università degli Studi di Roma Tre (IT) Univerzitet u Sarajevu (BA) Vilniaus Universitetas, Vilnius (LT) Osaka University, Graduate School of Letters (JP) Latvijas Universitāte, Riga (LV) Univerzitet “Sv. Kliment Ohridski”- Bitola (MK) L-Università ta’ Malta, Msida (MT) Moskowskij Gosudarstvennyj Oblastnoj Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (NL) Universitet (RU) Universiteit Utrecht (NL) Univerzitet u Novom Sadu (SCG) Regional and Transnational History in Europe A CLIOHWORLD Reader edited by Steven G. Ellis and Iakovos Michailidis Regional and Transnational History in Europe: a Cliohworld Reader / edited by Steven G. Ellis and Iakovos Michailidis. - Pisa : Plus-Pisa University Press, 2011 (Cliohworld readers; 8) 940 (21.) 1. Europa - Storia 2. Regionalismo - Europa I. Ellis, Steven G. II. Michailidis, Iakovos D. CIP a cura del Sistema bibliotecario dell’Università di Pisa CIP a cura del Sistema bibliotecario dell’Università di Pisa Education and Culture DG Lifelong Learning Programme This volume is printed thanks to the support of the Directorate General for Education and Culture of the European Commission, by the Erasmus Academic Network CLIOHWORLD under the Agreement 142816-LLP-1-2008-1-IT- ERASMUS-ENW (2008-3200). The volume is based on results published by the Sixth Framework Network of Excellence CLIOHRES.net under the contract CIT3-CT-2005-006164 with the Directorate General for Research. The volume is solely the responsibility of the Networks and the authors; the European Community cannot be held responsible for its contents or for any use which may be made of it. Preface © CLIOHWORLD 2011 Contents © CLIOHRES 2006-2010 and Clioh’s Workshops The materials produced by the History Networks belong to the Network Consortia. They are available for study and use, provided that the authors and the source are clearly acknowledged (www.cliohworld.net, www.cliohres.net) Published by Edizioni Plus – Pisa University Press Lungarno Pacinotti, 43 56126 Pisa Tel. 050 2212056 – Fax 050 2212945 [email protected] www.edizioniplus.it - Section “Didattica e Ricerca” Member of ISBN: 978-88-8492-807-8 Informatic editing Răzvan Adrian Marinescu Editorial assistance Viktoriya Kolp Contents Preface Ann Katherine Isaacs, Guðmundur Hálfdanarson ............................................................pag. VII Introduction: Regional and transnational history in Europe ...................................... » IX Approaching Regional and Transnational History What is a Region? Regions in European History Stephen Jacobson, Andres Andersen, Branko Bešlin, Wolfgang Göederle, Zoltán Györe, Mario Muigg ........................................................................................... » 11 Transnational Dimensions Michael Brown, Marianna D. Christopoulos, Hanne Hagtvedt Vik, Aisling MacQuarrie, Darina Martykánová, Momir Samardžić ................................... » 67 Regional History and the Regional Agenda in Romania, the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia Miloš Řezník, Mirela Ciuchea, Elena Mannová, Ewelina Szpak .................................. » 105 Ancient The Cult of Diomedes in the Adriatic: Complementary Contributions from Literary Sources and Archaeology Maria Paola Castiglioni ................................................................................................. » 127 Sea Migration in the Roman Empire Carla Salvaterra ............................................................................................................. » 147 Medieval and Early Modern Local and Regional Identity in Medieval Tuscia Mauro Ronzani .............................................................................................................. » 159 Trade and Politics in the Medieval Baltic: English Merchants and England’s Relations to the Hanseatic League 1370-1437 Frederic Pedersen ............................................................................................................. » 169 Region and Frontier in the English State: the English Far North, 1296-1603 Steven G. Ellis ................................................................................................................. » 189 Flandria Illustrata: Flemish Identities in the Late Middle Ages and the Early Modern Period Raingard Eßer ................................................................................................................ » 213 Modern The Napoleonic Empire, 1799-1814 Michael G. Broers ............................................................................................................ » 233 Belgium and the Flemish Movement. From Centralised Francophone State to Multilingual Federation (1830-2000) Maarten Van Ginderachter ............................................................................................. » 245 The Nordic Area: from Competition to Cooperation Guðmundur Hálfdanarson ............................................................................................. » 257 The Baltic Question in the Twentieth Century: Historiographic Aspects Eero Medijainen ............................................................................................................. » 269 Regional History without a Region: the Peculiar Case of Post-1945 West German Historical Research into the Former German Territories in the East Martin Moll .................................................................................................................... » 285 Transformations of Regional History in the Polish “Western Territories” since 1945: Legitimization, Nationalization, Regionalization Miloš Řezník ................................................................................................................... » 311 Preface We are very pleased to present Regional and Transnational History in Europe, edited by Steven G. Ellis and Iakovos Michailidis. It is the eighth in the series of Readers produced by the Erasmus Academic Network for History, CLIOHWORLD. CLIOHWORLD is an Erasmus Academic Network, supported by the European Commission through its Lifelong Learning Programme. Its full title is “Creating a New Historical Perspec- tive: EU and the Wider World”. More in general, it is part of the family of ‘CLIOH nets’: Networks and projects devoted to “Creating Links and Innovative Overviews for a New History Agenda”. The specific role of CLIOHWORLD is to bring the history of Europe, European integration and the European Union itself into a new perspective, in which traditional ways of approaching European history can be seen in a different light, and more meaningful paths taken. This Reader is designed to provide teachers and students with a novel and valid tools for exploring an important and timely topic. A new or revived interest in ‘regions’ and in transnational history is clearly