2012 NHBB Set A Bee Round 4 BEE ROUND 4 1. The “Letter of Forty-Two” was written during this man’s regime, and was prompted by an incident in which the legislature refused to dissolve. This man released the black box from KAL 007 to South Korea. This politician foiled a coup by giving a speech on top of a tank. This man signed the Belavezha Accords to create the Commonwealth of Independent States. For the point, name this man succeeded by Vladimir Putin, the first President of Russia after the dissolution of the USSR. ANSWER: Boris Yeltsin 048-12-66-14101 2. This city-state's women were allowed to compete nude in athletic competitions along with men and had relative independence because their husbands ate at the syssitia. Its elites were called the "peers," or homoioi, and underwent the (uh-GO-gay) agoge. This city-state had two kings whose power was checked by the ephors, according to the constitution of Lycurgus. It used a subservient community called the helots as slaves. For the point, name this militaristic ancient Greek city-state. ANSWER: Sparta [or Sparte; or Lacedaemon] 080-12-66-14102 3. This action was authorized after the Revisionist Anti-Party Affair purged all opponents of Resolution 14 from the government. This military action began with the order to “crack the sky, shake the earth”. This event prompted Walter Cronkite to state “we are mired in a stalemate”. It began with an attack on the ARVN 1st division at (YOO-ey) Hue and an assault on Saigon. For the point, name this military action during the Vietnam War that occurred during the lunar new year. ANSWER: Tet offensive 048-12-66-14103 4. Hindus claim this ruler destroyed a temple of Rama at Ayodhya. His attempt to conquer Samarkand was foiled by Mohammad Shaybani. He abstained from alcohol in order to win the Battle of Khanwa against Rana Sangha, and he used encirclement tactics and matchlock rifles to defeat the Lodis at the Battle of Panipat. Descended from both Genghis Khan and Tamerlane, this Turkic conqueror left his territories to his son Humayun. For the point, name this founder of the Mughal Empire. ANSWER: Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur 080-12-66-14104 5. This man’s death starts Tacitus’s Histories and ends his Annals. This target of the Pisonian Conspiracy used a ship meant to sink to try to kill his mother Agrippina the Younger. This student of Seneca sent troops to crush Queen Boudicca in Britain. The Year of the Four Emperors followed his suicide in 68 CE. This emperor built the Golden House on land cleared by natural disaster. For the point, name this emperor who ignored the Great Fire of Rome. ANSWER: Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus 104-12-66-14105 2012 NHBB Set A Bee Round 4 Page 1 of 14 6. In 1548, the Great Jingjiang Levee was constructed on this river, which caused a rising of the bottom of Dongting Lake. The triple city of Wuhan lies at the confluence of the Han and this river. This river was the home to the freshwater dolphin, baiji, which is now functionally extinct. A hydroelectric dam located near Yichang on this river is the largest in the world and is the Three Gorges Dam. For the point, identify this Chinese river, the longest in Asia and third-longest in the world. ANSWER: Yangtze river [or Chang Jiang; or Ch'ang Chiang; or Da Jiang; or The Great River] 066-12-66-14106 7. One text from this religion, by Robert Athlyi Rogers, is called the Holy Piby. Some followers of this religion follow the ital dietary laws, and followers of this faith seek to reach the "I-and-I." Marcus Garvey is regarded as a prophet in this religion, while God is referred to as Jah. Followers of this religion often smoke ganja and wear dreadlocks. For the point, identify this religion which regards Haile Selassie as the Messiah, a religion which originated in Jamaica. ANSWER: Rastafarianism 189-12-66-14107 8. This author of Salmonia and Consolations in Travel invented a device that used a mesh screen to prevent the combustion of firedamp. Temporary blindness from a lab accident prompted him to hire Michael Faraday as an assistant. Though Joseph Priestley discovered it, this man popularized the recreational inhalation of nitrous oxide. For the point, name this English scientist and inventor of a mining lamp who used electrolysis to discover calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium. ANSWER: Humphry Davy 029-12-66-14108 9. This ruler reorganized his army with the Ordinance of Thionville, and he established a court known as the grand conseil (grahn con-SAY) at Mechelen. The Treaty of (pick-kee-NYEE) Picquigny ended his hopes of aid from Edward IV of England. In the Treaty of Conflans, this ruler gained territory from his rival, against whom he founded the League of the Public Weal. This son of Philip the Good was a rival of Louis XI. For the point, name this Duke of Burgundy known as “the Bold.” ANSWER: Charles the Bold [or Charles Martin; prompt on Charles] 014-12-66-14109 10. The Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis called for this man's marriage to Elizabeth of (val-WAH) Valois. This ruler was responsible for sending a governor-general who started the so-called Council of Blood during trouble in the Netherlands; that governor was the Duke of Alba. This ruler spent four years as a ruler of England while he was married to Mary I. This man sent a force under the Duke of Medina-Sidonia against Mary's successor. For the point, name this ruler who assembled the Spanish Armada. ANSWER: Philip II of Spain [or Philip I of Portugal; prompt on Philip] 023-12-66-14110 11. United States v. Kagama allowed prosecution to begin for a crime committed in one of these places. Lewis Meriam compiled a report on these places for the Interior Department that led to legislation allowing for greater self-governance in them. Private ownership in these places was promoted by the Dawes Act by granting U.S. citizenship to people living here who accepted individual parcels of land. For the point, name these lands set aside for members of tribes like the Cherokee or Choctaw. ANSWER: Native American reservations [or Indian reservations] 121-12-66-14111 2012 NHBB Set A Bee Round 4 Page 2 of 14 12. This country mass-produced a bolt-action rifle that operated by using a namesake long firing pin to pierce a paper cartridge; that was its Dreyse needle gun. Its army was reformed by the work of Scharnhorst and Gneisenau after Napoleon crushed it at Jena. A military historian from this state rivaled Antoine de Jomini and called war "the continuation of politics by other means" in his On War. For the point, name this country home to Carl von Clausewitz, a militaristic state that was the nucleus for the German Empire. ANSWER: Prussia [prompt on Germany] 080-12-66-14112 13. After this battle, Dumanoir was captured off of Cape Ortegal. This battle began with an attack led by Collingwood. The losing side's line was split between the Redoutable and the Bucentaure, leading to the capture of Admiral Villeneuve. Before this battle, the signal “England expects that every man will do his duty” was flown from the HMS Victory. For the point, name this victory for Horatio Nelson during the Napoleonic Wars. ANSWER: Battle of Trafalgar 196-12-66-14113 14. A collection of this thinker's essays on race prejudice was published under the title Race and Democratic Society. This anthropologist's Ph.D. from Kiel University was rescinded and the Nazis burned his book The Mind of Primitive Man due to its content. This man spent his life studying the British Columbian Kwakiutl tribe. For the point, name this longtime professor of anthropology at Columbia University who taught Edward Sapir and Ruth Benedict. ANSWER: Franz Boas 023-12-66-14114 15. This man married a member of the Chotek family on the condition that their descendants would not have succession rights. This man was heir to the throne after his father died and his cousin killed himself in the Mayerling affair. Shortly before his death, he deflected a grenade from killing him and his wife Sophie. This man was killed in June 1914 by a member of the Black Hand, Gavrilo Princip. For the point, name this Archduke whose assassination in Sarajevo helped spark World War I. ANSWER: Franz Ferdinand [or Francis Ferdinand; do not accept or prompt on partial answer] 052-12-66-14115 16. One political party of this name used the slogan “God, Guns, and Gritz” in support of Bo Gritz for president in 1992. An earlier political party of this name nominated James B. Weaver for president four years before fatally endorsing the Democrat who delivered the “Cross of Gold” speech in support of free silver, which was only one of their primary stances. For the point, name this third party active in the 1880s and 1890s that supported agrarian reform. ANSWER: Populist Party [or People’s Party] 014-12-66-14116 17. This people’s practice of cheek-scarring was chronicled by Priscus. One of their leaders sought a dowry in land for Valentinian III’s sister Honoria, who had sent him a ring, and ruled alone after his brother Bleda died. Beaten by Theodoric I and Flavius Aetius at (sha-LAHN) Chalons in 451, these people are spuriously linked to the Xiongnu who raided northern China.