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ISSN 0835-3808 ISBN 978-0-7798-4649-8 Printed in Canada by Thomson Reuters CARSWELL, A DIVISION OF THOMSON REUTERS CANADA LIMITED One Corporate Plaza Customer Relations 2075 Kennedy Road Toronto 1-416-609-3800 Toronto, Ontario Elsewhere in Canada/U.S. 1-800-387-5164 M1T 3V4 Fax 1-416-298-5082 www.carswell.com E-mail www.carswell.com/email IMMIGRATION LAW REPORTER Fourth Series/Quatri`eme s´erie Recueil de jurisprudence en droit de l’immigration [Indexed as: Perez Romano c. Canada (Ministre de la Citoyennet´e & de l’Immigration)] Armando Perez Romano, Leticia Martinez Lopez, Armando Perez Martinez, Karen Dayana Perez Martinez, Applicants and The Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, Respondent Federal Court Docket: IMM-394-11 2011 FC 1145, 2011 CF 1145 Michel M.J. Shore J. Heard: September 27, 2011 Judgment: October 7, 2011 Immigration and citizenship –––– Refugee protection — Elements of pro- tected refugee status — Protection of country of nationality — Internal flight alternative –––– Principal applicant, his spouse, son, and daughter were citizens of Mexico — Applicants lived in house made available to them by spouse’s father — Principal applicant alleged that in September 2008 two gang members stormed into family home to take possession of it, threatened to kill applicants, and confined and mistreated them for four days — Applicants es- caped and temporarily took refuge with uncle, who was also threatened — Ap- plicants did not file complaint with Mexican authorities because they feared re- taliation — Principal applicant came to Canada in October 2008, followed by his spouse and children in December 2008 — Refugee Protection Division (RPD) found applicants not to be Convention refugees or persons in need of protection — Applicants brought application for judicial review of decision of RPD — Application granted — RPD’s decision was unreasonable — Suggested internal flight alternative had to be safe and such that it would not be objectively unreasonable for applicant to seek refuge there — Crucial parts of documentary evidence and transcript of principal applicant’s testimony were not examined and analyzed by RPD — Finding that states of Yucat´an and Zacatecas were valid internal flight alternatives was unreasonable and was not supported by documentary evidence cited by RPD — Testimonial evidence that applicant could have been personally targeted was never taken into account or noted in 2 IMMIGRATION LAW REPORTER 5 Imm. L.R. (4th) RPD’s decision — RPD’s presumption that applicants were victims of genera- lized crime was not supported by objective evidence — RPD should have con- sidered documentary evidence that showed spreading of criminal gang and care- fully analyzed applicant’s testimony in order to understand full significance of context of situation — This case turned on its own facts, consequently, different finding could be made even with respect to facts that were slightly different.