MAKERS OF MODERN BIOMEDICINE: A REGISTER Compiled by C Overy, A Wilkinson, and E M Tansey Volume 63 2017 ©The Trustee of the Wellcome Trust, London, 2017 First published by Queen Mary University of London, 2017 The History of Modern Biomedicine Research Group is funded by the Wellcome Trust, which is a registered charity, no. 210183. ISBN 978 1 91019 5307 All volumes are freely available online at www.histmodbiomed.org Please cite as: Overy C, Wilkinson A, Tansey E M. (comps) (2017) Makers of Modern Biomedicine: A Register. Wellcome Witnesses to Contemporary Medicine, vol. 63. London: Queen Mary University of London. CONTENTS Introduction E M Tansey v Acknowledgements E M Tansey vii Witness Seminar volume titles ix Contributors to Witness Seminars and interviews 1 Images 61 INTRODUCTION In 1997 we published the proceedings of our first four Witness Seminars in modern medicine, funded by the Wellcome Trust. Somewhat optimistically, we called this ‘volume 1’, hoping that we might get funding and support to develop the series at least into double figures. After twenty years of generous funding, we have now published 62 volumes, containing the proceedings of 70 or so seminars, all of which are made freely available on the web. The themes represented here were selected by a Programme Committee (until 2010) or were related to a Strategic Award from the Wellcome Trust (from 2010 until 2017). Topics cover the whole range of modern biomedicine: from clinical genetics to medical- and bio-technology; ethics to rural practice; pure lab research to clinical care; narrative medicine to neuroscience. Our meetings have attracted more than 1200 individuals who have contributed their recollections and comments, agreements and disagreements; several of them having contributed in multiple ways: attending or chairing a number of meetings, writing introductions to the published proceedings, providing commentaries and appendices. Additionally, we have conducted further interviews with more than 65 people, either on audio or video, and usually both. Most, but not all, of these interviewees, have been previous participants at one or more Witness Seminars, and we have used an in-depth interview to enlarge upon experiences and views expressed in those seminars, to develop broader contexts, and to explore individual experiences in more detail. As with the Witness Seminars, all these interviews have been transcribed and edited, and made freely available online; and a small selection has been further edited and published as Voices of Modern Biomedicine. One thing that emerges clearly from this work is that there is no such thing as ‘an ordinary life’, and we are enormously grateful to the many men and women who have trusted us with their memories, and contributed to one or both of our recording projects. We now conclude the published Witness Seminar series with a register of the many people who have taken part in our meetings. Firstly, there is an alphabetical list of all participants, with a reference to the meeting(s) to which they contributed or to their individual interview. Secondly, we provide v thumbnail portraits usually taken in the course of our Seminars or interviews. This list is not complete as not all participants were photographed, or provided copyright permission to use their images. Most portraits are available in colour at http://www.histmodbiomed.org/witsem/vol63. Tilli Tansey School of History, Queen Mary University of London vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The recording of the Witness Seminars and interviews, and the production of the edited transcripts and videos would not have been possible without the help of many individuals: The History of Modern Biomedicine Group: Dr Daphne Christie (1998–2008); Dr Stefania Crowther (2008–2010); Dr Julie Hartley (2013–2015); Ms Emma Jones (2012–2017); Mrs Wendy Kutner (1995–2010); Ms Caroline Overy (2010–2017); Mrs Lois Reynolds (1997–2012); Mr Adam Wilkinson (2011– 2017); Ms Sonia Willhoft (1997–1998); Mr Alan Yabsley (2011–2017); and Dr Apostolos Zarros (2016–2017). Transcribers: Mrs Jaqui Carter and Mrs Debra Gee. Proof readers: Mrs Sarah Beanland, Ms Lucy Moore, Ms Fiona Plowman, and Mr Simon Reynolds. Indexers: Ms Liza Furnival and Ms Cath Topliff. Designers: Ms Julie Wood and Mr Akio Morishima. Collaborators on individual volumes: Professor Virginia Berridge, Professor Peter Catterall, Professor Peter Harper, Dr Koichi Mikami, Professor Andy Ness, Professor Steve Sturdy, and Professor Doris Zallen. Additionally, for all our meetings over the years, we depended a great deal on Wellcome Trust staff to ensure their smooth running: Audiovisual, Catering, Reception, Security, and Wellcome Images. Finally, we thank the Wellcome Trust for generously supporting this programme for so many years. Tilli Tansey School of History, Queen Mary University of London vii WITNESS SEMINAR VOLUME TITLES Short title Full title Vol No. 5-HT Drugs affecting 5-HT systems 47 Africa British contributions to medical research 10 and education in Africa after the Second World War Air Pollution Air pollution research in Britain 58 c.1955–c.2000 ALSPAC History of the Avon Longitudinal Study of 44 Parents and Children, c.1980–2000 Applied Psychology MRC Applied Psychology Unit 16 Asthma Childhood asthma and beyond 11 Autoimmunity Self and non-self: A history of 1 autoimmunity Bovine TB A history of bovine TB c.1965–c.2000 55 Brain Banks The development of brain banks in the UK 53 c.1970–c.2010 Breastfeeding The resurgence of breastfeeding, 1975– 35 2000 Cannabis The medicalization of cannabis 40 Cervical Cancer History of cervical cancer and the role of 38 human papillomavirus, 1960–2000 Cholesterol Cholesterol, artherosclerosis and coronary 27 disease in the UK, 1950–2000 Clinical Molecular Genetics Clinical molecular genetics in the UK 48 c.1975–c.2000 Clinical Cancer Genetics Clinical cancer genetics: Polyposis and 46 familial colorectal cancer c.1975–c.2010 Clinical Genetics Clinical genetics in Britain: Origin and 39 development ix Short title Full title Vol No. Clinical Pharmacology 1 Clinical pharmacology in the UK, c.1950– 33 2000: Influences and institutions Clinical Pharmacology 2 Clinical pharmacology in the UK, c.1950– 34 2000: Industry and regulation Clinical Research Clinical research in Britain, 1950–1980 7 Common Cold Unit The MRC Common Cold Unit 2 Corticosteroids Prenatal corticosteroids for reducing 25 morbidity and mortality after preterm birth Cystic Fibrosis Cystic fibrosis 20 Dialysis History of dialysis, c.1950–1980 37 Endogenous Opiates Endogenous opiates 1 Environmental Toxicology Environmental toxicology: The legacy of 19 Silent Spring Foot and Mouth Foot and mouth disease: The 1967 18 outbreak and its aftermath General Practice Research in general practice 2 Gene Mapping Human Gene Mapping Workshops 54 c.1973–c.1991 Genetic Testing Genetic testing 17 Haemophilia Haemophilia: Recent history of clinical 4 management Heart Transplant Early heart transplant surgery in the UK 3 Hip Replacement Early development of total hip 29 replacement Intensive Care History of British intensive care, 42 c.1950–c.2000 Intestinal Absorption Intestinal absorption 8 Leukaemia Leukaemia 15 Maternal Care Maternal care 12 x Short title Full title Vol No. Medical Ethics Medical ethics education in Britain, 1963– 31 1993 Ethics of Genetics. Medical genetics: development of ethical 57 dimensions in clinical practice and research Migraine Migraine: diagnosis, treatment and 49 understanding c.1960–2010 Monoclonal Antibodies Technology transfer in Britain: the case of 1 monoclonal antibodies MRSA Superbugs and superdrugs: a history of 32 MRSA Muscular Dystrophy The therapeutic implications of muscular 62 dystrophy genomics Narrative Medicine The development of narrative practices in 52 medicine c.1960–c.2000 NATSAL History of the National Survey of Sexual 41 Attitudes and Lifestyles Neonatal Intensive Care Neonatal intensive care 9 NIMR Technology, techniques, and technicians at 59 the National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR) c.1960–c.2000 NMR and MRI Making the human body transparent: The 2 impact of NMR and MRI Pain Innovation in pain management 21 Palliative Medicine Palliative medicine in the UK c.1970–2010 45 Peptic Ulcer Peptic ulcer: Rise and fall 14 Platelets The recent history of platelets in 23 thrombosis and other disorders Platinum Salts The discovery, use and impact of platinum 30 salts as chemotherapy agents for cancer Population-based Research Population-based research in south Wales: 13 The MRC Pneumoconiosis Research Unit and the MRC Epidemiology Unit xi Short title Full title Vol No. Post Penicillin Post penicillin antibiotics: From acceptance 6 to resistance? Psychiatric Drugs Drugs in psychiatric practice 2 Public Health Public health in the 1980s and 1990s: 26 Decline and rise? Rhesus Factor The rhesus factor and disease prevention 22 Rural Medicine Historical perspectives on rural medicine 61 SAD The recent history of seasonal affective 51 disorder (SAD) Safety of Drugs The Committee on Safety of Drugs 1 Sports Medicine The development of sports medicine in 36 twentieth-century Britain TB Chemotherapy Short-course chemotherapy for 24 tuberculosis TNF The recent history of tumour necrosis 60 factor (TNF) Tobacco Control WHO Framework Convention of Tobacco 43 Control Ultrasound Looking at the unborn: Historical aspects 5 of obstetric ultrasound Waste The development of waste management 57 in the UK c.1960–c.2000 xii Contributors to Witness Seminars and interviews Dr Matti Aapro Mr James Akre (b. 1951), oncologist: (b. 1944), technical officer at WHO: Platinum Salts. Breastfeeding. Professor Ivar Aaraas Dr Eva Alberman (b. 1944), rural GP and medical (b. 1929), clinical epidemiologist: educator: Neonatal Intensive Care. Rural Medicine. Professor Elizabeth Alder Mr Usama Abdulla (b. 1944), health sciences researcher: (1937–2004), obstetrician: Breastfeeding. Ultrasound. Dr Maurice Allen Professor Sir Donald Acheson (b. 1937), veterinary pathologist: (1926–2010), Chief Medical Officer of Foot and Mouth. England 1984 to 1991: Dr Janette Allotey Public Health. (b. 1957), medical historian: Ms Sheila Adam Maternal Care. (b. 1957), intensive care sister: Dr Najeeb Al–Shorbaji Intensive Care.