Print Test Page 1 of 24 *** ANSWER KEY *** Student Name: Grade: 09 Test Name: November Chemistry for All: Unit 10 - Acid/Base Version: 1 1. Which of the following inorganic acid formulas represents hydrochloric acid? (a) H2Cl (b) HCl2 (c) HClO3 (d) HCl Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-A MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7A Recognize formulas for common inorganic acids, carboxylic acids, and bases formed from families I and II. 2. What is the formula for magnesium hydroxide? (a) Mg(OH2) (b) Mg(OH)2 (c) Mg2OH (d) MgOH2 Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-A MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7A Recognize formulas for common inorganic acids, carboxylic acids, and bases formed from families I and II. https://assessment.resa.net/Demo_Home/TD/TestReport4.aspx 2/24/2010 Print Test Page 2 of 24 Instructions for questions 3 through 10. Write the balanced equation for these neutralization reactions: 3. HCl + NaOH Explanation: HCl + NaOH NaCl + HOH Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-B MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization. 4. HNO3 + KOH Explanation: HNO3 + KOH KNO3 + HOH Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-B MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization. https://assessment.resa.net/Demo_Home/TD/TestReport4.aspx 2/24/2010 Print Test Page 3 of 24 5. Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4 Explanation: Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4 CaSO4 + 2 HOH Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-B MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization. 6. 3Mg(OH)2 + 2 H3PO4 Explanation: 3Mg(OH)2 + 2 H3PO4 Mg3(PO4)2 + 6 HOH Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-B MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization. https://assessment.resa.net/Demo_Home/TD/TestReport4.aspx 2/24/2010 Print Test Page 4 of 24 7. H2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 Explanation: H2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + 2 HOH Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-B MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization. 8. 2 NH4OH + H2S Explanation: 2 NH4OH + H2S (NH4)2S + 2 HOH Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-B MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization. https://assessment.resa.net/Demo_Home/TD/TestReport4.aspx 2/24/2010 Print Test Page 5 of 24 9. H2C2O4 + Ca(OH)2 Explanation: H2C2O4 + Ca(OH)2 CaC2O4 + 2 HOH Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-B MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization. 10. Al(OH)3 + 3 HClO4 Explanation: Al(OH)3 + 3 HClO4 Al(ClO4)3 + 3 HOH Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-B MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7B Predict products of an acid-base neutralization. https://assessment.resa.net/Demo_Home/TD/TestReport4.aspx 2/24/2010 Print Test Page 6 of 24 11. Listed below are some of the properties of acids and bases. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word, acids or bases: _______ produce hydrogen ions (H+) in solution _______ have a sour taste _______ have a bitter taste _______ have a slippery, soapy feel _______ produce hydroxide ions (OH-) ions _______ react with acids to form salts _______ react with bases to form salts _______ react with many metals Explanation: ___A____ produce hydrogen ions (H+) in solution ___A____ have a sour taste ___B____ have a bitter taste ___B____ have a slippery, soapy feel ___B____ produce hydroxide ions (OH-) ions ___B____ react with acids to form salts ___A____ react with bases to form salts ___A____ react with many metals Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-C MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7C Describe tests that can be used to distinguish an acid from a base. https://assessment.resa.net/Demo_Home/TD/TestReport4.aspx 2/24/2010 Print Test Page 7 of 24 12. What is the pH scale? Explanation: A scale to measure the acidity of a substance. It runs from 0-14 with <7= acids, >7= bases, and 7=neutral. Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-D MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7D Classify various solutions as acidic or basic, given their pH. 13. What exactly do the initials “pH” stand for? Explanation: Log of the hydronium ion concentration Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-D MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7D Classify various solutions as acidic or basic, given their pH. https://assessment.resa.net/Demo_Home/TD/TestReport4.aspx 2/24/2010 Print Test Page 8 of 24 14. Why is pure water considered neutral on the pH scale? Explanation: Pure water contains an equal concentration of hydrogen ions (1x10-7 ions/mol) and hydroxide ions (1x10-7 ions/mol). Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-D MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7D Classify various solutions as acidic or basic, given their pH. 15. Classify each of the following as acidic, neutral, or basic. The pH of each item is also listed. Use the ans. bank below! a) tomatoes: 4.2 ______________ e) soil: 5.5 ______________ b) eggs: 7.8 ______________ f) milk: 6.4 ______________ c) ammonia: 11.0 ______________ g) bleach: 12.0 ___________ d) tap water: 7.2 ______________ h) lye (NaOH): 14 __________ Explanation: a) tomatoes: 4.2 _______A______ e) soil: 5.5 _________A____ b) eggs: 7.8 _________B____ f) milk: 6.4 ________A_____ c) ammonia: 11.0 _______B_______ g) bleach: 12.0 _____B_____ d) tap water: 7.2 _____N________ h) lye (NaOH): 14 ____B_____ Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7-D MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7 Acids and Bases C5.7D Classify various solutions as acidic or basic, given their pH. https://assessment.resa.net/Demo_Home/TD/TestReport4.aspx 2/24/2010 Print Test Page 9 of 24 16. Given the following values for [H3O+] and [OH-] calculate the pH or pOH. Indicate if the solutions are acidic or basic. - 4 [H3O+] = 1.3 * 10 mol/l [OH-] = 3.5 * 10 - 4 mol/l -8 [H3O+] = 2.6 * 10 mol/l [OH-] = 7.4 * 10 -8 mol/l -2 [H3O+] = 5.5 * 10 mol/l Explanation: - 4 [H3O+] = 1.3 * 10 mol/l 3.9 acid [OH-] = 3.5 * 10 - 4 mol/l 10.5 basic -8 [H3O+] = 2.6 * 10 mol/l 7.6 slightly basic [OH-] = 7.4 * 10 -8 mol/l 6.9 neutral (slightly acidic) -2 [H3O+] = 5.5 * 10 mol/l 1.3 acidic Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7x-g MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7g Calculate the pH from the hydronium ion or hydroxide ion concentration. https://assessment.resa.net/Demo_Home/TD/TestReport4.aspx 2/24/2010 Print Test Page 10 of 24 Instructions for questions 17 through 21. All reactions between strong acids and bases follow the same general form. Acid + Base ------> a Salt + Water Write balanced equations for the neutralization reaction between the following. Identify the acid, base and salt 17. Sulfuric Acid and sodium hydroxide Explanation: A B S H2SO4 + 2 NaOH Na2SO4 + 2 HOH Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations. https://assessment.resa.net/Demo_Home/TD/TestReport4.aspx 2/24/2010 Print Test Page 11 of 24 18. Nitric Acid and calcium hydroxide Explanation: A B S 2 HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 Ca(NO3)2 + 2 HOH Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations. 19. Hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide Explanation: A B S HCl + KOH KCl + HOH Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations. https://assessment.resa.net/Demo_Home/TD/TestReport4.aspx 2/24/2010 Print Test Page 12 of 24 20. Perchloric acid and barium hydroxide Explanation: A B S 2 HClO4 + Ba(OH)2 Ba(ClO4)2 + 2 HOH Standard: MI_CHEM_HS-0912-C5-7x-f MI HSCEs Science - Chemistry 09-12 STANDARD C5: CHANGES IN MATTER Topic C5.7x Brønsted-Lowery C5.7f Write balanced chemical equations for reactions between acids and bases and perform calculations with balanced equations. 21.