The Bancroft Library Finding Aid to the George and Phoebe Apperson Hearst Papers, 1849-1926 ark:/13030/kt4j49q0z8 Finding Aid to the George and Phoebe Apperson Hearst Papers, 1849-1926 Collection number: BANC MSS 72/204 c The Bancroft Library University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-6000 Phone: (510) 642-6481 Fax: (510) 642-7589 Email: [email protected] URL: http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/ Finding Aid Author(s): Finding aid written by Elizabeth Stephens, Rebecca Kim, and Eric Crawley. Finding Aid Encoded By: GenX Funding for processing and microfilming provided by the Hearst Foundation, Inc. © 2008 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Collection Summary Title: George and Phoebe Apperson Hearst papers Date (inclusive): 1849-1926 Collection Number: BANC MSS 72/204 c Contributing Institution: Physical Description: Number of containers: 85 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 3 oversize folders, 6volumes, 4 card file boxes Linear feet: 37 173 digital objects Creator/Collector: The Bancroft Library. University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, CA 94720-6000 Phone: (510) 642-6481 Fax: (510) 642-7589 Email: [email protected] URL: http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/ Abstract: Contains personal and business papers of George Hearst andhis wife, Phoebe Apperson Hearst. A small portion of the collection relates to Mr.Hearst, a rancher, mining tycoon, and politican. His papers include correspondence,illustrated mining notes and reports, bills of sale, and other material related tomines and ranches primarily in the West and Mexico. The bulk of the collectionconcerns the philanthropic, charitable and social activities of Phoebe AppersonHearst, regent of the University of California (1897-1919) and a major benefactressof the University and other institutions. Her papers include family and personalcorrespondence, mining and property files, material related to her work as regent,and files on philanthropy, charity, collecting, and household management. Language of Material: Collection materials are in English Physical Location: Many of the Bancroft Library collections are storedoffsite and advance notice may be required for use. For current information on thelocation of these materials, please consult the library's online catalog. Information for Researchers Access Collection is open for research. Microfilm of the collection is to be used by researchers to protect the originals. A few items not microfilmed are noted in the container list. Publication Rights Copyright has not been assigned to The Bancroft Library. All requests for permission to publish or reproduce must be submitted in writing to the Head of Public Services, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-6000. Permission for publication is given on behalf of The Bancroft Library as the owner of the physical items and is not intended to include or imply permission of the copyright holder, which must also be obtained by the reader. Hearst (George and Phoebe Apperson) Papers Collection number: BANC MSS 72/204 c 1 Copyright restrictions also apply to digital representations of the original materials. Use of digital files is restricted to research and educational purposes. Preferred Citation [Identification of item], George and Phoebe Apperson Hearst papers, BANC MSS 72/204 c, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley Alternate Forms Available The collection is available on microfilm, BANC FILM 2718 Digital reproductions of select items are available. Related Collections William Randolph Hearst Papers, BANC MSS 77/121 c William Randolph Hearst Jr. Papers, BANC MSS 91/2 c Millicent Veronica Willson Hearst Papers, BANC MSS 77/185 c Photographs from the Phoebe Apperson Hearst papers [graphic], BANC PIC 1972.015 Correspondence concerning the Phoebe Hearst Architectural Plan for the University of California, 1896 Oct 22-23, UARC 308gh.cor Mother's Song: An Old West of England Lullaby Set in Some California Baby Flowers, fTYP AA50 E2 M6 1900z The Julia Morgan Collection, Special Collections, Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo Materials Cataloged Separately Printed materials have been transferred to the book collection of The Bancroft Library. Photographs have been transferred to Pictorial Collections of The Bancroft Library. Indexing Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the library's online public access catalog Beel, Sigmund S. Clark, EdwardHardy, 1864-1945. Hearst, George Randolph. Hearst, George, 1820-1891--Archives. Hearst, George,1820-1891--Homes and haunts. Hearst, John Randolph. Hearst, PhoebeApperson, 1842-1919--Archives. Hearst, PhoebeApperson, 1842-1919--Homes and haunts. Hearst, WilliamRandolph, 1863-1951. Hearst, WilliamRandolph, 1908- Hilles, FlorenceBayard, 1866-1954. Howard, John Galen, 1864-1931. Kroeber, A. L.(Alfred Louis), 1876-1960. Nuttall, Zelia, 1858-1933. Reisner, GeorgeAndrew, 1867-1942. Uhle, Max, 1856-1944. Wheeler, BenjaminIde, 1854-1927. Hearst family. George WashingtonMemorial Association. Hearst (George and Phoebe Apperson) Papers Collection number: BANC MSS 72/204 c 2 Homestake Mining Company. Lux School ofIndustrial Training (San Francisco, Calif.) National Congressof Mothers (U.S.) National Congressof Mothers and Parent-Teacher Associations (U.S.) Phoebe HearstArchitectural Plan for the University of California. San Luis Mining Company. United States.Congress. Senate--Miscellanea. University ofCalifornia (1868-1952). Dept. of Anthropology. University ofCalifornia (1868-1952). Regents. University ofCalifornia (1868-1952)--History. University ofPennsylvania. Dept. of Archaeology. Hearst Egyptian Expedition. Panama-PacificInternational Exposition, (1915 :, San Francisco, Calif.) Charities--United States--History. Collectors and collecting--United States--History. Kindergarten--United States--History. Mines and mineral resources--Mexico--History. Mines and mineral resources--United States--History. Pleasanton (Calif.)--History. San Luis Obispo (Calif.)--History. Business records. Family papers. Administrative Information Acquisition Information The George and Phoebe Apperson Hearst Papers were given to The Bancroft Libraryby Mr. and Mrs. William Randolph Hearst, Jr., and the Hearst Corporation onvarious dates beginning in 1969. Small additions were also made by other familymembers at various times. Processing Information Processed by Elizabeth Stephens, Rebecca Kim, and Eric Crawley. Biographical Sketch George Hearst, born 1820 in Franklin County, Missouri, had little formal educationbut educated himself in geology and prospecting. His talent for scoping out the "layof the land" paid off in some of the most important mining claims in the UnitedStates. The Comstock Lode in Nevada, the Homestake gold mine in South Dakota and theAnaconda copper mine in Montana would become three of the largest mining discoveriesin American history. As a rancher and prospector Hearst continually acquired largeportions of land throughout the United States, especially in California and theWest. In 1863 Hearst married Phoebe Apperson, a teacher from his home state. Movingto San Francisco, Phoebe gave birth to their only child, William Randolph Hearst, in1863. George purchased the 48,000 acre Piedras Blancas Ranch at San Simeon in 1865,adding the adjoining Santa Rosa and San Simeon ranches later. During his lifetimethe ranches were used as a family retreat. In 1873 Phoebe took her young son Williamon a grand tour of Europe where the two spent more than a year visiting castles,museums, and various cultural centers. This trip would prove to be a pivotalinspiration for William's later endeavor constructing Hearst Castle at San Simeon. George Hearst was elected to the United States senate in 1887 and the couplerelocated to Washington D.C. Soon after arriving in the capital, he acquired theSan Francisco Examiner as payment for a gambling debt. When hisson William asked to become the proprietor of the Examiner instead ofassuming control of the Hearst mining and ranching businesses, George Hearstrelinquished control of the paper to him and Phoebe became heir to the Hearst minesand ranches. After George's death in 1891, Phoebe returned to California and renewedconstruction on a residence she called Hacienda del Pozo de Verona in Pleasanton,California that had been started by her son a few years earlier. For the project,Mrs. Hearst commissioned architect Julia Morgan who would later design Hearst Castlefor William. Hearst (George and Phoebe Apperson) Papers Collection number: BANC MSS 72/204 c 3 Dedicated to education throughout her life, Phoebe Apperson Hearst became a generousbenefactress to educational institutions and individuals financing a school for thetraining of kindergarten teachers, founding the first free kindergartens in theUnited States and the National Congress of Mothers (a forerunner of the NationalCouncil of Parents and Teachers better known today as the PTA), and endowingscholarships for women students at the University of California at Berkeley. She wasthe first woman Regent of the University of California, serving actively on theboard from 1897 until her death in 1919. During these years she funded aninternational architectural competition for a master plan for the University, builtthe Hearst Memorial Mining Building and Hearst Hall, and was instrumental indeveloping the anthropology department and museums, the medical college, theagricultural college, and Lick Observatory among other things. Phoebe was an avidcollector of art and antiquities and