GLOSSARY Sino-Japanese Interactions Through Rare Books English Version © Keio University GLOSSARY Glossary of Week 1 A Amida hall: 阿弥陀堂 Houses the principal image statue of Amida Nyorai [1.13] Amidakyō, Amithaba Sutra : 阿弥陀経 one of the scriptures of Mahayana Buddhism [1.10] Analects of Confucius: 論語 A record of the sayings of Confucius compiled by his disciples [1.1],[1.18] Asakura (family): 朝倉 warrior clan that became a daimyo family [1.18] Ashikaga (family): ⾜利 Warrior family that founded the Muromachi shogunate [1.17] Ashikaga Gakkō , Ashikaga School: ⾜利学校 Ashikaga‐Gakkō (Ashikaga School) is Japan’s oldest academic institution. [1.13] azekura architectural style: 校倉造り log‐storehouse style; one of the architectural styles of the Nara or the Heian periods [1.8] B Biyan Lu : 碧巌録 anthology of Zen koans (teachings and actions of the Zen sect founders) [1.18] Bunroku: ⽂禄 era (1592‐1596) [1.19],[1.20] Butterfly binding : 胡蝶装 a traditional bookbinding style [1.14] C Cai Lun : 蔡倫 Chinese government official of the Han dynasty [1.6] Cheng Weishi Lun shu ji : 成唯識論述記 commentary of the Discourse on the Perfection of Consciousness‐only [1.11] 1 SINO-JAPANESE INTERACTIONS THROUGH RARE BOOKS KEIO UNIVERSITY © Keio University GLOSSARY Chiba: 千葉県 A Japanese prefecture located east of Tokyo [1.1] Chōnen : 奝然 monk of the Tōdaiji temple in Nara in the Heian period [1.10] Chōsen‐ban : 朝鮮版 Korean editions [1.19] Chunqiu jingchuan jijie : 春秋経伝集解 Spring and Autumn Annals and Zuo Tradition with Collected Commentaries [1.13] Confucianism: 儒教 The philosophy and teachings of Confucius [1.13] Constitution in 17 Articles, Seventeen‐Article Constitution: ⼗七条憲法 A constitution issued by Prince Shōtoku in the early 7th c. [1.11] Council of The Five Elders: 五⼤⽼ committee of daimyo formed by Toyotomi Hideyoshi to rule Japan until his son Hideyori’s coming of age [1.20] D Dai‐hannya haramitta‐kyō: ⼤般若波羅蜜多経 one of the Mahayana Buddhist sutras [1.11] daimyo : ⼤名 feudal lords [1.17],[1.18] decisive battle of Sekigahara, the Battle of Sekigahara: 関が原の戦い The biggest battle of the Warring States period of Japan, 1600 [1.20] detchōsō : 粘葉装 one of the traditional binding methods [1.12],[1.14] Deyou: 徳祐 an era of the Song dynasty in China (1275‐1276) [1.12] dharani: 陀羅尼 a verbal formula believed to have magical force [1.9] Discourse on the Perfection of Consciousness‐only: 成唯識論 an important text of the Hossō sect of Buddhism [1.8],[1.11] Dōgen: 道元 (1200‐1253) priest, founder of the Soto sect [1.14] 2 SINO-JAPANESE INTERACTIONS THROUGH RARE BOOKS KEIO UNIVERSITY © Keio University GLOSSARY Dunhuang: 敦煌 city of Western China that was a major stop on the ancient Silk Road. A huge trove of ancient texts were uncovered here at the beginning of the 20th century. [1.8] E Edo: 江⼾ period of Japanese history when the country was ruled by the Tokugawa shoguns (1603‐1868) [1.5],[1.7],[1.20] Eisai: 栄⻄ (1141‐1215)priest and founder of RInzai sect [1.14] Emi no Oshikatsu: 恵美押勝 Led a rebellion against the state in 764 [1.9] Emperor GoYōzei: 後陽成天皇 (1571‐1617) the 107th emperor of Japan [1.19] Emperor Kōnin : 光仁天皇 the 49th emperor (r. 770‐781) [1.8] Emperor Shōmu : 聖武天皇 (701‐756) Japanese emperor [1.7] Emperor Taizong: 太宗 Emperor of China (r. 976‐997),the second emperor of the Northern Song dynasty [1.10] Empress Shōtoku: 称徳天皇 (718‐770) Japanese empress (r. 764‐770) [1.8],[1.9] encyclopedia: 類書 reference work such as dictionary [1.13] Engakuji: 円覚寺 temple in Kamakura [1.14] Enkōji temple : 円光寺 temple in Fushimi, Kyoto [1.20] Enryakuji: 延暦寺 Hieizan temple, the main temple of the Tendai sect [1.12] Enshu: 円種 monk who travelled to China during the Song dynasty [1.13] F Fan Peng : 范徳機 (1272‐1330) Chinese poet of the Yuan dynasty [1.15] 3 SINO-JAPANESE INTERACTIONS THROUGH RARE BOOKS KEIO UNIVERSITY © Keio University GLOSSARY First‐cast Gapinja : 初鑄甲寅字 J. shochū Kōinji, the metal type in use in Yi Dynasty Korea [1.19] Five Mountains, Gozan: 五⼭ five government‐sponsored Zen temples in Kyoto and Kamakura [1.14],[1.15],[1.17],[1.18],[1.19] Four Books: 四書 Four important texts of Confucianism: the Great Learning, Doctrine of the Mean, the Analects, and the Mencius 1,21 Fujiwara: 藤原 powerful clan that dominated court life in Heian period 1,12 Fujiwara Komyoushi: 藤原光明⼦ Empress Komyo, spouse of Emperor Shomu [1.7] Fujiwara no Michinaga: 藤原道⻑ (966‐1028) a powerful court noble in the Heian period [1.10] fukurotoji: 袋綴じ traditional binding method in which the sheets are folded “mountain fold” in two, placed on top of each other, and fastened [1.18] Fushimi‐ban (Fushimi editions): 伏⾒版 books printed by the Enkoji temple in Fushimi , Kyoto [1.20] G Genkō : 元弘 Japanese era (1331‐1333) [1.13] Genshin: 源信 (942‐1017) priest of the Tendai sect [1.12] gigakumen: 伎楽⾯ masks that were used in ceremonies and rituals [1.8] Gozan‐ban, Gozan printed editions: 五⼭版 printed books by the five Gozan temples [1.14],[1.15],[1.17] Guwen zhenbao : 古⽂真宝 Chinese anthology of Tang and Song dynasty writing [1.20] 4 SINO-JAPANESE INTERACTIONS THROUGH RARE BOOKS KEIO UNIVERSITY © Keio University GLOSSARY H Han Dynasty : 漢 Chinese dynasty (206BC‐220 AD) [1.6] Hanpon: 版本 woodblock printed book [1.10] Hayashi Nobuatsu: 林信篤 (1645‐1732) Neo‐Confucian scholar, son of Hayashi Gahō [2.11] Hayashi Razan: 林羅⼭ (1583‐1657) Confucian scholar, a. k. a. Dōsyun [1.20] Heian: 平安 period of Japanese history (794‐1185) [1.1],[1.8],[1.10],[1.11],[1.12],[1.12],[1.13],[1.20] Heiankyo: 平安京 the capital of Japan from 794 to 1868, present‐day Kyoto [1.10] Hōjō family: 北条⽒ family of Kamakura‐period hereditary regents [1.13],[1.14] Hōjō Sadaaki: 貞顕 (1278‐1333) Kamakura‐period regent, a.k.a. Kanazawa Sadaaki [1.13] Hōjō Sanetoki : 北条実時 (1224‐76) warrior [1.13] Hōjō Tokimune: 北条時宗 (1251‐1284) Kamakura‐period regent [1.13] Hōjō Tokiyori: 北条時頼 (1227‐1263) Kamakura‐period regent [1.13] Hōjō Ujimasa: 北条⽒政 (1538‐1590) warrior [1.13] Hokke gisyo: 法華義疏 Buddihist commentary written by Prince Shōtoku [1.7],[1.11] Hokkekyō, Lotus Sutra: 法華経 one of the most important texts of Mahayana Buddhism [1.10] Honchō zokumonzui : 本朝続⽂粋 Late Selection of Excellent Writing from Our Country, 12th c. [1.13] Hōnen : 法然房源空 (1133‐1212) founder of Pure Land sect [1.12] 5 SINO-JAPANESE INTERACTIONS THROUGH RARE BOOKS KEIO UNIVERSITY © Keio University GLOSSARY Hōryūji : 法隆寺 temple in Nara; the oldest wooden structure in the world [1.9],[1.11] Hosokawa (family): 細川 family of feudal lords during the Warring States period [1.17],[1.18] Hossō ruirin : 法曹類林 Late‐Heian legal compendium [1.13] Hossō sect: 法相宗 one of the sects of Mahayana Buddhism [1.11] Huang Yuan fengya: 皇元⾵雅 14th c. anthology of Chinese poetry [1.15] Hyakumantō Darani: 百万塔陀羅尼 Dharani Invocations of the One Million Pagodas [1.9],[1.10] I Ichijōdani: ⼀乗⾕ location in modern Fukui prefecture [1.18] Imagawa (family): 今川 family of feudal lords during the Warring States period [1.18] inbutsu: 印仏 stamped images of the Buddha [1.9] J Jiading: 嘉定 reign of Chinese history (1208‐1224) [1.13] Jichū gun’yō: 侍中群要 Compendium of administrative guidelines for courtiers [1.13] Jin : 晋 Chinese dynasty (265‐420) [1.6] Jingde chuandenglu: 景徳伝灯録 Chinese collection of biographies of Zen patriarchs [1.14] Jingo Keiun: 神護景雲 era of Japanese history (767‐770) [1.8],[1.9] Jōgen: 承元 era of Japanese history (1207‐1210) [1.12] 6 SINO-JAPANESE INTERACTIONS THROUGH RARE BOOKS KEIO UNIVERSITY © Keio University GLOSSARY Jōji : 貞治 era of Japanese history (1362‐1367) [1.15] Jōō and Karoku eras: 貞応嘉禄 Jōō (1222‐1223) era and Karoku (1225‐ 1226) era [1.11] Joseon dynasty : 朝鮮時代 Korean dynasty that ruled from 1392 to 1897 [1.19] Jūjūshinron : ⼗住⼼論 A Treatise on the Ten Stages of the Mind by the 9th c. monk Kūkai [1.12] K Kaibao tripitaka : 開宝蔵 the Tripitaka of the Kaibao era (968‐976) [1.10] kaigan: 開眼 eye‐opening ceremony of the Great Buddha [1.8] Kaiken: 快賢 monk of the Shingon sect [1.12] Kaisen: 界線 lines on paper, border lines between lines of text. You can see an example around 4:43 in this video. [1.11] Kamakura (placename): 鎌倉 city in modern Kanagawa prefecture [1.1],[1.13],[1.14] Kamakura (period): 鎌倉 period of Japanese history when Japan was ruled by a military government (1185‐1333) [1.1],[1.11],[1.12],[1.13],[1.14],[1.18] Kan’ei : 寛永 era of Japanese history (1624‐1625) [1.20] Kan’na: 寛和 era of Japanese history (985‐987) [1.10] kana: 仮名 Japan’s syllabic script, derived from Chinese characters [1.12] Kanazawa library: ⾦沢⽂庫 library established in the Kamakura period by the military elite [1.13] Kanbun taikei : 漢⽂体系 (Library of Chinese Classics) Edo‐period edition of the Chinese classics [2.13] 7 SINO-JAPANESE INTERACTIONS THROUGH RARE BOOKS KEIO UNIVERSITY © Keio University GLOSSARY Kangakubun: 勧学⽂ poems for encouraging learning [1.19] Kangōsen: 勘合船 trade ships between China and Japan in Muromachi period; kangō means “official‐seal” [1.17] kanji: 漢字 (Ch. hanzi) Chinese characters [1.12] Kanji : 寛治 era of Japanese history (1087‐1094) [1.8] Kanshitsu Genkitu: 閑室元佶 (1548‐1612) monk of the Rinzai sect, a. k. a. Sanyō Genkitu [1.20] Kantō: 関東 eastern district in Japan [1.13] Kasuga editions, Kasuga‐ban : 春⽇版 books printed at the Kofukuji Temple [1.8],[1.11] Kasuga Grand Shrine: 春⽇⼤社 the family shrine of the Fujiwara clan in Nara [1.11] Katagi: 形⽊ wooden printing blocks [1.9] Katsu Kaisyū: 勝海⾈ (1823‐1899) Meiji‐period statesman and one of the makers of modern Japan [2.15] Kegonkyō, Kegongyō : 華厳経 Flower Garland Sutra; one of Mahayana Buddhist sutras [1.9],[1.11]