DOCUMENT RESUME ED 388 902 CG 026 614 TITLE Canada: A Source Book for Orientation, Language, and Settlement Workers. INSTITUTION Employment and Immigration Canada, Ottawa (Ontario). PUB DATE 91 NOTE 358. j For related guide, see CG 026 637. PUB TYPE Guides - Non-Classroom Use (055) EDRS PRICE MFOI/PC15 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Citizenship; Climate; Counseling Techniques; Counselors; Cultural Differences; *Cultural Pluralism; Culture Conflict; *Daily Living Skills; Employment; Ethnicity; Federal Programs; Foreign Countries; Geography; Health; *Immigrants; Immigration; Interpersonal Competence; Interpersonal Relationship; Orientation Materials; *Reference Materials; Religion; Safety; *Self Actualization; Self Esteem; Social Workers IDENTIFIERS *Canada ABSTRACT An information guide for people who help newcomers, this book helps second language teachers plan the content of their courses, and makes it easier for settlement agency workers to respond to newcomers' needs. The method it advocates is question and answer, newcomer asking the questions, with the ultimate goal of providing newcomers a better understanding of Canada. Materials are provided at both the level of survival needs, as well as that of "higher needs." The organizational principal is a hierarchy of needs. Divided into five parts, each corresponds to a level of need. Part One, Survival Needs, covers: geography; weather and climate; food; clothing; shelter; and avoiding embarrassment. Part Two, Safety Needs, covers: ec-nomic security: employment; shopping; laws and safety.of the person; health; and, an introduction to Canadian government. Part Three, Love and Social Needs, covers: public behavior; Canadian families; women's, children's and senior citizen's rights; education; Canada, a country of many peoples; and, holidays, recreatinn and entertainment. Part Four, Esteem Needs, covers: authority; banking, saving, spending; ethnicity and multiculturalism; and religion and belief. Part Five, Self-Actualization Needs, covers: citizenship; personal goals; politics; the arts, sports, communications; and success in Canada: what Canadians admire. (JBJ) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the orilinal document. *********************************************************************** Employment and Emplol et *CANADA141 Immigration Canada Immigration Canada A SOURCE BOOK FOR ORIENTATION, LANGUAGE AND SETTLEMENT WORKERS essi \ 00 00 _,4116 doh,dii16 /be- 1111-411116.. Alibb"-A11111.- cf) 1-1-1 ' Kkpalt E BEST COPYAVAILABLE S DLPAR T MEAT OF EDUCATION "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY CENTER 'ERIC) 0 This docomont has been ierhoduced is .\ received from the person or organilation T.SCO,KoU C\J originating it 11''V C.) 0 Minot changes have been m0,1,, IMpf0VO reproduction quality Canada. EWI/ Points of view Of .41111,1111., SLAMh ru this document do not necessarily represent TO THE EDUCATIONAL RE5iJURCES OERI position or policy INFORMATION CENTER (E.RIC, Canada A Source Book for Orientation, Language and Settlement Workers Produced for Employment and Immigration Canada by Arcturus Productions Ltd. First printed March 1991 Second printing November 1991 IM-131/11/91 This book, Canada, A Source Book, is one of an integrated setof four docu- ments designed to help newcomers adapt to Canada.Two books present information in English and French to people who work with newcomers(this book and Working with Newcomers). Two other publications offer adigest of the same information to newcomers themselves in a variety oflanguages (Getting Started in Canada, and A Newcomer's Guide to Canada). Aussi disponible en français Acknowledgements Arcturus Productions Ltd. wishes to acknowledge the many people who contributed to the work of completing this Source Book.. We thank the people in the regional and head offices of Employment and Immigration Canada; The International Organization for Migration, Geneva; Dr. Robert Glossop of the Vanier Institute of the Family; Dr. Kosta Gouliamos of the University of Ottawa Communications Department; Dr. Edna Einsiedel of the University of Calgary Communications Department; Dr. Pierm Anctil of the Programme d'études canadiennes-francaises, Université McGill; Dr. Blair Neatby of Carleton University; and Dr. Barbara J. Burnaby of the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, all of whom offered thoughtful critiques of the work while it was in progress. We would also like to thank the community of Immigration and Settlement workers in Halifax, Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg, Edmonton, Calgary and Vancouver. Their observations on the immigration experience were impor- tant contributions to the entire project, and their suggestions about an early draft of this book helped improve this final version. Special thanks to Jeanine Samuelsson-Gunn MA (ESL) of the Carleton Separate School Board, and Kathryn (Anderson) Speck MA (ESL), who, in addition to their detailed critiques of the draft Source Book, both provided invaluable assistance in the form of teaching suggestions and insights into the practice of second language teaching. Table of Contents Conceptual Table of Contents 1 Foreword: How to use this Book 3 Method 4 Organization 5 Shared Symbols of Canada 1: The maple leaf 11 Introduction: On Canadian Culture 13 The Consequences of Newcomer's Decisions 17 Culture as Conventions and Behaviours 18 Avoiding Giving and Receiving Offense 21 Degrees of Approval and Disapproval 26 Maintaining an Objective Cultural Viewpoint 27 Perceptions and Misperceptions of Canada 28 The degree to which Canada cares for newcomers 28 The Canadian view of individual responsibility 30 The meanings, extent and implications of politeness 31 The Mosaic of Canadian Culture 32 Canada, a Bilingual Country 33 Preface: An Overview of Immigration 35 Core Concept 35 Corollary 35 Humanitarian reasons for admission 35 Social reasons for admission 37 Economic reasons for admission 37 Canadian Government Programs for Newcomers 40 Part One Survival Needs Shared Symbols of Canada 2: Winter 43 Part 1 Chapter 1 Geography 45 Core Concept 45 Something to look forward to . 45 Scale 46 Internal Geography 51 Regions and Provinces of Canada 52 The Pacific Coast. 53 The Rocky Mountains. 54 The Prairies 55 The North 56 The Canadian Shield 57 The Atlantic Region 58 Natural Resources 60 Adjacent Countries 61 Concepts that are easily misunderstood 62 Common problems and difficulties for newcomers 63 Discussion Suggestions 63 Part 1 Chapter 2 Weather and Climate 65 Core Concept 65 Something to look forward to 65 How hot and how cold? 65 Effects of weather on work and leisure 68 Common problems and difficulties for newcomers 69 Discussion Suggestions 70 Part 1 Chapter 3 Food 73 Core Concept 73 Something to look forward to. 73 Expectations about Canadian food customs 73 Common problems and difficulties for newcomers 85 Discussion Suggestions 85 Part 1 Chapter 4 Clothing 87 Core Concept 87 Something to look forward to 87 Effects of climate on clothing 88 At the office 89 On the job 90 At primary school 90 University 90 In rural areas 91 Leisure clothing 91 At the beach 92 Common problems and difficulties for newcomers 92 Discussion Suggestions 94 Part 1 Chapter 5 Shelter 97 Core Concept 97 Something to look forward to 97 Effects of climate on shelter 97 Common problems and difficulties for newcomers 102 Discussion Suggestions 102 Part 1 Chapter 6 Avoiding Embarrassment 105 Core Concepts 105 Appropriate expectations and responses 105 Modesty, private and public behaviour 106 Toilets 107 Concepts of time 109 Cards of identity 110 Common problems and difficulties for newcomers 113 Discussion Suggestions 114 Part Two Safety Needs Shared Symbols of Canada 3: The Royal Canadian Mounted Police 117 Part 2 Chapter 1 Economic Security: Employment 119 Core Concept 119 Something to look forward to 119 Corollaries that are sometimes difficult to grasp 119 Understanding the Canadian economic situation 120 Qualifications for Employment 123 Who has jobs? 128 Searching for a job 131 Special employment-related programs for newcomers 135 Concepts that are often difficult to grasp 141 Common problems and difficulties for newcomers 143 Discussion Suggestions 145 Part 2 Chapter 2 Shopping 147 Core Concept 147 Some things to look forward to 147 Corollaries that are sometimes difficult to grasp 147 Shopping (general) 148 Shopping for food 152 Common problems and difficulties for newcomers 154 Discussion Suggestions 155 Part 2 Chapter 3 Law and Safety of the Person 157 Core Concepts 157 Something to look forward to...and something to maintain 157 An historical note 158 Corollaries that are sometimes difficult to grasp 159 You and the state 161 Dealing with the police 164 You and other citizens 166 Corollaries that are sometimes difficult to grasp 167 Social Security 169 The corollary of government services taxes 171 Common problems and difficulties for newcomers 172 Discussion Suggestions 173 Part 2 Chapter 4 Health 177 Core Concepts 177 Something to look forward to 177 Medical services 177 Common problems and difficulties for newcomers 184 Discussion suggestions 185 Part 2 Chapter 5 Canadian Government: An Introduction 187 Core Concepts 187 Something to look forward to 187 Corollaries that are sometimes difficult to grasp 187 Canadian Internal Jurisdictions 187 Federal Government 192 Canada's Constitution 193 Provincial and Territorial Governments 195 Division of Powers 195 Municipal